ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09819.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Breastmilk yields and its composition during the first 6 months of lactation were measured in 46 women with low weight‐for‐height during the third trimester of pregnancy (WH minus group) and in 52 mothers with good weight‐for‐height in the same period (WH plus group). On Byerage WH minus mothers produced 695 g per 24 hours and WH plus mothers 790 g. In the WH minus group yield was affected by feeding frequency, season, mother's energy intake during lactation and infant's weight‐for‐age. In the WH plus group feeding frequence, parity and sex were the affecting variables (male infants consumed more milk). The difference in yield between WH minus and WH plus mothers corrected for feeding frequency, sex and season was significant but was only 80 g per 24 hours. Protein and lactose concentrations in milk were in both groups comparable with that of British mothers, fat concentrations

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09820.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The levels of p, p'‐DDT, p, p'‐DDE, dieldrin, α‐ and β‐hexachlorocyclohexe (α‐HCH, β‐HCH), hexachlorobenzene and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in milk fat from mothers with different dietary habits. The categories studied comprised mothers eating a lacto‐vegetarian diet (18 milk samples), a mixed diet (20 milk samples) and a mixed diet which regularly included fatty fish from the Baltic (11 milk samples). The lowest levels of p, p'‐DDT+p, p'‐DDE and PCBs were found in milk from lacto‐vegetarians and the highest levels in milk from mothers who regularly consumed fatty fish from the Baltic. Factors other than the diets which could influence the levels of the organochlorine compounds are discussed, e. g. mother's age, amount of milk produced a

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09821.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Plasma concentrations of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (250HD) were determined in 81 vitamin D supplemented or unsupplemented infants at the end of winter. The values were compared with maternal levels and with concentrations found in 22 unsupplemented infants at the end of summer. The 250HD levels of the neonates were lower, but closely related to maternal values (r=0.95,p<0.0005). Unsupplemented breast‐fed infants had lower 250HD levels at 6 weeks than at 4 days (16±7 vs. 32±15 nmol/l, mean ±1 SD,p<0.0005). The mean 250HD level of vitamin D supplemented 6‐12 months old infants was intermediate between those of the unsupplemented nursed groups and the unsupplemented children studied during summer (53±28 vs. 85±28 nmol/l,p<0.0005). Six weeks old infants who had received a milk formula containing 400 IU vitamin D3per liter had levels similar to the latter group (92±21 nmol/l). The data suggest that the vitamin D stores acquired during fetal life, or from ultraviolet light exposure during the summer, may be inadequate to maintain safe levels of 250HD throughout the winter, but that a daily supplement of 400 IU is adequate to establish concentrations in the s

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09822.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The biochemical effect of vitamin E supplementation to mothers with threatened premature delivery and to premature infants after birth has been studied. Although a weak correlation was found between maternal and cord blood vitamin E levels at birth, cord blood levels were not significantly higher in the infants from supplemented mothers than those from unsupplemented mothers. Furthermore, maternal vitamin E treatment did not prevent either erythrocyte hemolysis or lipid peroxide formation in the premature infants after birth. On the other hand, intramuscular vitamin E to infants after birth produced a marked biochemical effect, with both zero erythrocyte hemolysis and low lipid peroxide formation when serum vitamin E increased above 2 mg/100 ml. We conclude that intramuscular vitamin E immediately after birth is necessary to achieve a biochemical effect of vitamin E in the early neonatal period. (No cases of retrolental fibroplasia occurred in the present study.)

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09823.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Plasma erythropoietin concentrations were studied in 11 preterm appropriate for gestational age infants at the age of 3‐14 weeks. Their birth weights ranged from 860‐1690 g. Erythropoietin was measured by a cell culture technique. Significant concentrations of erythropoietin was detected in 18 out of 29 samples, at all stages of the early anemia. The highest levels were found at 3‐9 weeks. Individual erythropoietin values did not correlate with hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit levels or ‘corrected' reticulocyte counts, nor did the ‘corrected’ reticulocyte count correlate with hemoglobin or hematocrit. The lack of correlation with hemoglobin concentration most likely reflects the importance of other factors as well as the hemoglobin in determining the oxygenation status of the infant. A significant positive correlation (r=0.60,p<0.01) was found between erythropoietin concentration and weight gain in the preceding week. The study shows that small preterm infants are capable of erythropoietin production during their early anemia, and indicates that the hormone plays a role in the regulation of erythropoiesis also at this t

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09824.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An 11‐year‐old girl presented with permanent elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity (AP) exceeding 4 times the upper normal limit. Family investigations revealed a persistent increment of AP activity in the father and one of the two sisters, indicating a dominant form of inheritance. Physical examination and laboratory results were normal; isoenzyme studies revealed that the raised serum AP activity was mainly due to an increase of the bone isoenzyme. No disturbance of calcium or phosphate metabolism or morphological alterations of the skeleton could be demonstrated. This indicates an inherited abnormality in the metabolism of bone AP in the absence of dise

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09825.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A 7‐year‐old girl who showed retarded psychomotor development and generalized hypotonia without any signs of progression is described. Marked deficiency of arylsulfatase A activity in leukocytes and fibroblasts was observed. Both parents showed activity in cultured fibroblasts within the heterozygote‐normal range. Cerebroside‐sulfatase activity was absent in cultured fibroblasts from the patient. Urinary analyses revealed a pathologically increased sulfatide excretion. Normal sensory nerve conduction velocity was found, but no metachromatic material was found in a sural nerve nerve biopsy. Loading of the patient's fibroblasts with sulfatides resulted in normal uptake and normal degr

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09826.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Muscle biopsies from the deltoideus dx and vastus lat. dx muscles were taken in 17 children with coarctation of the aorta, aged 5.0 to 13.8 years, prior to surgery. Higher concentrations of glycogen, ATP and CP were found in the vastus lat. muscle compared to the deltoideus muscle. The same differences between these two muscles were also found in healthy controls. No differences were found between the patients with coarctation of the aorta and the control group. Nor were any differences found for the other variables studied; glucose, glucose‐6‐phosphate, lactate, muscle enzyme activities (SDH, LDH and phosphorylase), muscle fibre composition or fibre sizes. It seems reasonable to assume that the differences in muscle substrate levels found between the vasus lat, and the deltoideus muscles in the two groups were due to a higher degree of activity during daily life for the legs as compared to the arms. Patients with coarctation of the aorta do not seem to be influenced by the altered haemodynamic situation with regard to the studied variab

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09827.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The appearance of dextran‐reactive antibodies (DRA) was investigated in 88 children with sampling of serum at birth (n=87), at 3 months of age (n=87), at 8 months (n=88), at 2 years (n=86) and at 4 1/2 years of age (n=87). Serum DRA appeared at 3 months of age and a peak level exceeding the levels in adults was noted at 8 months of age. At 4 1/2 years the titres were close to those in adults. Investigation of DRA in 8 children with acute pyelonephritis and in 8 children with asymptomatic bacteriuria caused byE. colidid not indicate that the appearance of DRA was a consequence of Gram‐negative infections. The practical conclusion drawn is that if therapy with i. v. dextran is considered for infants or children, they should undergo preventive therapy with hapten dextran similar to the procedure recommended for adu

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09828.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY