ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.During the period 1971‐75, 51 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients who contracted chronicP. aeruginosainfection were treated at the Danish CF centre with anti‐pseudomonas chemotherapy only when their clinical condition deteriorated considerably. During the period 1976–80, 58 CF patients who contracted chronicP. aeruginosainfection were treated at the Danish CF centre with anti‐pseudomonas chemotherapy on a regular basis every 3 months. Each routine 24 day‐course of chemotherapy consisted of tobramycin in combination with carbenicillin or other β‐lactam antibiotics with activity againstP. aeruginosa.In case of allergy or resistant strains monotherapy with tobramycin was used. The 5‐year survival of CF patients from the time of the onset of the chronicP. aeruginosainfection increased from 54% in the first period to 82 % in the second period (p<0.05), and lung function (peak expiratory flow rate) also improved significantly. It is concluded that intensive “maintenance” chemotherapy againstP. aeruginosaimproves survival and quality of life of CF patients although permanent eradication ofP. aeruginosai

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09789.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.During one year, 871 infants and children admitted to a Dutch paediatric ward were examined weekly for rotavirus. Rotavirus was detected in the stools of 64/129 (49.6%) children with diarrhoea and in 283/742 (38.1%) controls. The incidence of asymptomatic rotavirus excretors increased from 14.5% in infants 0 to 6 months of age to 65.8% in children of 6 years and over, a feature not yet reported. Possible explanations may be the methodology used, the age groups studied, the local hospital (and community) situation and the geographical location. Routine bacteriology revealed enteropathogens in 25.6% of the children with diarrhoea: Salmonellae in 20.9%, Campylobacter jejuni in 3.9%,Yersinia enterocoliticain 1.5%,Shigella sonneiin 0.8% and enteropathogenicE. coliin 0.8% of the patients.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09790.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The plasma concentrations of total albumin, unconjugated bilirubin and reserve albumin for bilirubin binding were determined in 407 healthy infants of various age up to eight days. The albumin reserve was measured using monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl‐sulfone (MADDS) as a deputy ligand for bilirubin. The fraction of albumin capable of binding bilirubin was calculated as the sum of the concentrations of bilirubin and reserve albumin, divided by the total albumin concentration. Our data showed that this fraction was low (average 0.36) and did not change during the first 24 hours of life, and in this period it was independent of the maturity of the infant, as expressed by its birth weight or gestational age. From about 24 hours of life, the fraction began to increase. This increase came to an end about 60 hours after birth, and no further changes were seen during the following five days. The level of the bilirubin‐binding fraction reached 60 hours after birth was related to the maturity of the infant: It increased with increasing birth weight up to 3000 g and with increasing gestational age up to 275 days, when on an average it was about 0.58. The fraction of binding albumin was independent of the

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09791.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.IgA, IgM and IgG concentrations and their bacterial antibodies toE. coli, group B streptococci andBrucella abortuswere measured in human breast milk collected from the 1st 10th day post‐partum from mothers delivered of ‘preterm’infants (Premature Breast Milk or PBM) and from mothers delivered of term infants (Term Breast Milk or TBM). Reverse passive haemagglutination tests (RPH), rocket immuno‐electrophoresis and mixed reverse passive antiglobulin haemagglutination tests (MRPAH) were employed. PBM at 2‐5 days post‐partum (though not beyond this period) contained higher IgA levels than did TBM, and this difference persisted even when total IgA was expressed as a proportion of total milk protein: in contrast the IgM and IgG contents of PBM and TBM were the same at both these postnatal ages. The titre of IgA antibody toE. coli, which was absorbable only by the corresponding bacteria, showed no significant difference between PBM and TBM, whereas the titres of IgA reacting withBr. abortusand, to a lesser extent group B streptococci, were higher B PBM than those in TBM. However the IgA which reacted withBr. abortusand group B streptococci was not specific to those organisms but was absorbed by all three bacteria studied. It is speculated that the high IgA content of early preterm milk and perhaps the presence of especially high titres of what appears to be a non‐specific or cross‐reacting bacterial IgA in such milk, may be immunologically advantageous to low birthweight infants fed on their ow

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09792.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 312 preterm and term newborn infants serum concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin and α1‐antitrypsin were measured during several days by radial immunodiffusion. In addition white blood cell count and the ratio of band to total neutrophils (B/N‐ratio) were determined. In 12 infants with proven sepsis CRP was found elevated above the upper limit of the normal range (20 mg/l). Successful therapy was followed by a decrease of CRP concentration. In infants with suspected infection high CRP values were found in most cases. In contrast, haptoglobin and α1‐antitrypsin concentrations differed not significantly between the group of infants without infection, with proven and with suspected infection. White blood cell count and B/N‐ratio also were not appropriate for the early identification of bacterial infection in the new

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09793.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Clinical, neurophysiological and laboratory data are given for 32 children (30 kinships) considered to represent hereditary motor and sensory neurophaties (HMSN) of neuronal‐axonal types. In 25 families (27 cases) one of the parents was found to be affected. In one both parents were normal. The mode of inheritance in the 27 patients with familial neuronal‐axonal HMSN was concluded to be autosomal dominant HMSN II (Lambert type). The disability was mild to moderate and, on an average, less pronounced than in de‐ and remyelinating types of HMSN. Seven out of 27 were early toe‐walkers of the secondary type. Cavus feet were noted in 25, hand atrophies in eight and mild scoliosis in five. Sensory complaints were recorded in 21. The nerve conduction velocities (NCVmand NCVs) of children and parents were slightly subnormal in a few. EMG proved to be the most important parameter for identifying subclinically affected

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09794.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Serial serum zinc concentrations were measured in 31 relatively well, growing premature infants during the first 26 weeks of life. Zinc concentrations declined progressively from 17.9 μmol (1.17 mg/1) at birth (normal adult value) to 8.9 μmol (0.58 mg/1) at 6 weeks of age despite a zinc intake of greater than 13.7 μmol (900 μg)/kg/day after the second week of life. The serum zinc increased after 16 weeks of age to 10.7 μmol/dl (0.7 mg/1). No infant demonstrated clinical signs of zinc deficiency. This data may serve as a reference against which serum zinc concentrations in other premature infants may be compared in order to help define the deficiency s

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09795.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Reported contents of fluoride (F) in human milk vary considerably. The aim of this study was to determine the F content in human milk under different levels of F intake using a silicon‐facilitated microdiffusion technique, which had a good accuracy and precision. The mean F concentration of colostrum from mothers in a 1.0 ppm and a 0.2 ppm F area was 0.36±0.02 μmol/I (± SEM) and 0.28±0.02 μmol/I, respectively. The mean F concentration of mature milk from a 1.0 ppm F area was 0.37±0.04 μmol/I. Within the 1.0 ppm F area, the intra‐ and interindividual differences in F concentration were very small. No statistically significant difference in milk F concentration between the two areas was found. Consequently, breastfed infants living in a 1 ppm or a 0.2 ppm F area will have an approximately equal F intake of 5‐10 μg per day, in spite of great differences in F intake among the nu

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09796.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The concentration of tri‐iodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in human milk was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The analysis of T3was performed on unextracted milk and on ethanol extracts of defatted milk. Analysis of unextracted milk was complicated by artifacts. Reliable and reproducible results were achieved only with the milk extracts. In 10 colostral milk samples the mean T3levels ± SD were 0.80 ± 0.52 nmol/l before feeding (early milk) and 0.93 ± 0.62 after feeding (hind milk). The T3concentration in colostrum did not change significantly during the feeding to the infant. In 12 mature milk samples collected between infant feedings, the mean T3± SD was 1.19 ± 0.42 nmol/l. T4was not detected in any of the samples analysed (detection limit 3 n

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09797.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY