摘要:

SummaryConcentrations of the main lipid classes in plasma and the blood phosphoglyceride fatty acid patterns were measured in 3‐month‐old infants, fed breast‐milk or an industrial manufactured formula. The levels of cholesterol and phosphoglycerides were in the normal range for young adults, but the triglyceride concentration was twice as high as in adults. There were no significant differences in the levels of the plasma lipids between the two groups, but the mean of the triglycerides was 25 % higher in the formula‐fed group.The plasma and red cell phosphoglycerides had already assumed a fatty acid pattern of adult type. The concentration of the total polyenoic acids was significantly lower in the breast‐fed group, the difference being entirely confined to the fatty acids of the linoleic acid series. Linoleic acid was 27% and 40%, respectively, lower in plasma phosphoglycerides and red cell lecithin of breast‐fed than of formula‐fed infants, but arachidonic acid did not show any significant difference in the two groups. The concentration of the fatty acids of the linolenic acid series was higher in the breast‐fed infants. The blood lecithin ratio between the fatty acids of the linolenic acid series and the linoleic acid series was thus much lower in the formula‐fed than in the breast‐fed infants, the ratio being closely correlated with the dietary linolenate/linoleate ratio. Although the concentration of essential fatty acids was low in both plasma and red cell phosphoglycerides of breast‐fed infants, there was no inc

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06982.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe performance of over 1000 clearances with the single injection method allows a retrospective review on the value of this new technique. The choice of the indicator substance, the reproducibility of the method and the irradiation dosimetry do not bring up very exciting problems. The theoretical basis of the justification of the single injection method has not been proven so far and the inexactitude which may happen because of the empirical assumption that the substances used behave as in an open mamillary bicompartimental model is discussed. The author comes to the conclusion that although the rightness of the model has never been proven, the method will give sufficient precise results in practice and is proposed to a large extension because of its technical simplicity as well as for the patient as for the physician and the laboratory technician. The irradiation dose is so small that it will practically never be considered as a contra‐indicatio

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryRenal control of acid base balance has been evaluated in children with recurrent urinary tract infections. For reference a group of normal children has also been studied. The studies were performed before and after a single oral intake of ammonium chloride. The following parameters have been determined: the maximal ammonia excretion and the relationship between blood total CO2concentration and urine pH. The maximal ammonia excretion was found to be reduced in proportion to the filtration rate. All the patients with low to moderately reduced filtration rates and four of the patients with subnormal to normal filtration rates demanding larger reduction in blood total CO2concentration than the normal controls before a fall in the urine pH could be observed. This finding was taken as a sign of reduced bicarbonate threshold. It is therefore suggested that the reabsorption of filtered bicarbonate is one of the most vulnerable function of the kidney in recurrent urinary tract infections.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn children 28 values for glomerular filtration rate and 25 values for effective renal plasma flow were simultaneously obtained by means of the inulin‐ and PAH‐clearance and by means of a single injection method with51Cr‐EDTA and123I‐OIH. These were compared in an appropriate statistical model. The results show good agreement of the two methods. The single injection method can therefore be of value in childhood when only values for GFR and effective renal plasma flow are asked or especially if inappropriate urinary collection is expected or bladder catheterisation is contraindicated. It has no place in studies concerned with renal physiology or pathophy

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryExamination of the size of the cerebral ventricles by means of echoencephalography in Ethiopian infants and young children with severe malnutrition showed a moderate but significant increase in children with kwashiorkor, examined up to 3–4 weeks after admission, whereas children with marasmus showed no deviation from the normal.Further studies will show whether or not this abnormality in the kwashiorkor children is a transient phenomenon. The observation gives one more reason for caution in using head circumference as a measure of brain siz

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06986.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary538 cases of bacterial meningitis admitted from January 1964 to May 1969 in all age groups at the U.C.H., Ibadan, were reviewed. The proportion of enterobacterial cases of meningitis admitted to the U.C.H., Ibadan was higher than has been reported from any other centre, the maximum incidence being in the neonatal period. A very large number of these were due to various salmonella species, and 70% of these are currently resistant to the more commonly used antibiotics, including chloramphenicol. This resistance to chloramphenicol is reflected amongst all enterobacteria isolated in Ibadan and poses a considerable problem. At present, over 90% of neonates with enterobacterial meningitis die and this case fatality is maintained in the older age groups in cases where resistant strains are encountered.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06987.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySix children and young persons are described in whom hemispherectomy was performed because of intractable epilepsy and, in 5, severe behaviour disturbance. All of them had spastic hemiplegia and progressive impairment of the intellectual function before the operation. The follow‐up period was 3 to 8 years. In two cases the results were satisfactory, in 3 cases only partly so. Two of these had severe complications, one immediately after the operation and one some months later; the complications probably impaired the results. One boy did not benefit from the operatio

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06988.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOral D‐penicillamine and intramuscular BAL + EDTA have been used in the treatment of lead accumulation in three children with blood levels of at least 70 µUg per 100 ml. Lead balance studies were done during control periods and while the children were given either D‐penicillamine orally or BAL plus EDTA intramuscularly. There was a marked cumulative negative lead balance and the blood lead levels decreased to normal after 6 days with either treatment. The results indicate that D‐penicillamine given to three children orally, in doses as high as 100 mg/kg/day, is an effective and non‐toxic lead chelator for short

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06989.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA description is given of an eight‐year‐old boy with extrasystoles, seizures of muscular weakness, and multiple developmental anomalies (dwarfism, scaphocephalic skull, hypertelorism, bilateral ptosis, low‐set ears, broad nose, mandibular hypoplasia, aplasia of a number of teeth, defect of both the soft and osseous palate, inward bending of the fifth fingers, single transverse palmar crease of both hands, and cryptorchidism). These findings suggest a specific syndrome, but no similar description was found in the literature. The investigations disclosed no signs of either a chromosomal, a neuromuscular, or an endocrine di

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06990.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis paper presents ultrastructural and biochemical studies on the thyroid glands from two twin‐fetuses of a CR of 105 and 120 mm, whose thyrotoxic mother was treated for 14 days with carbimazole. The light and electron microscopic appearance of the fetal thyroids corresponded to that normally seen at this stage of development. No morphological signs of excessive TSH‐stimulation were detected. The fetal thyroid glands incorporated radioiodine and labelled leucine into thyroglobulinin vitro.These normal findings during thyrostatic treatment of the mother are discussed and related to the efficiency of the fetal pituitary‐thyroid feed‐back system and to the passage of thyrostatic agents through the p

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1971.tb06991.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1971

数据来源: WILEY