摘要:

Eighty children with wheezy bronchitis were followed prospectively for 12 years. At the end of the follow‐up period only 22 (28 %) still had symptoms of asthma. Forty‐three children (54 %) had ceased to wheeze before the age of 3 years, four children between 3 and 7 years of age and 11 children between 7 and 11 years of age. Of the 22 children who still had asthma, all but one were much improved, although 70 % of them noticed asthmatic symptoms during exercise. Heredity for asthma/wheezing, allergy, the occurrence of eczema, and onset of wheezing after 18 months of age were associated with an increased risk of persistent asthma. Allergy had developed in 59 % of the children with persistent asthma and in 10 % of those who had stopped wheezing. Serum IgE was above the mean +1 SD in 45 % and above the mean +2 SD in 24 % of the children at the end of the 12‐year follow‐up. A serum IgE above the mean +2 SD was found in 8 of 13 children with asthma combined with proven allergy, but only in 1 of 9 children with asthma without allergy. Surprisingly, 8 of 48 children who had stopped wheezing and had no clinical allergy had as high IgE levels as the children with asthma and allergy, which reduced the allergy predictive value of a high serum IgE to 36 %. Some of these high IgE levels seemed to be a famil

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09977.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the 3 decades 1950–1979 onset of idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis occurred in 10 Swedish children. Complete records were available from the eight children with onset during 1960–1979, which indicates that the yearly risk of onset is 0.24 case per million children. The first symptoms started at the mean age of 5.8 years (range: 10 months‐11 years). From the beginning all children had a severe microcytic, hypochromic, sideropenic anaemia. Pulmonary symptoms were present from the beginning in four children (but haemoptysis in only one) and developed in the remaining children after 11/2–21/2 years. Various therapeutical regimens were tried. Iron therapy seemed of temporary beneficial effect and most children seemed to benefit from prednisone therapy during disease bouts, although the effect of the therapy in the long run could not be determined. The four children with onsets during the 1960s died of their disease after 2–13 years. The four children with onset during the 1970s are still alive. One of them–a 20‐year‐old female, has for two years complete clinical remission and has normalized haematological, X‐ray and pulmon

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09978.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To study lung development after repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia 20 patients operated on between 1960 and 1976 were followed‐up at 6–22 years of age. All had had an uneventful postoperative course, had no concomitant disease and were subjectively well with an ordinary physiological performance. The investigation showed a mean increase of residual volume by one third of predicted normal values. Fractional perfusion and ventilation were reduced by 20 % on the hernia side compared with the contralateral side. Functional impairment owing to pulmonary hypoplasia was ruled out by the existence of a normal working capacity and maintenance of a normal alveolar gas exchange during exercise on a high work l

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09979.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The transportation of seriously ill, extremely low birthweight (<1000 g) infants with conditions requiring surgery can be hazardous. In two such infants, considered to be too ill to be transferred to the operating theatre, surgery was carried out on the neonatal unit. The outcome was good in both cases. Peri‐operative management is described in detai

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09980.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During a longitudinal study, hair samples and dietary intake data were collected from 50 preterm (mean birth weight = 1054 ± 234 g, mean gestational age = 29 ± 2.5 weeks) and 60 full‐term infants (mean birth weight = 3 509 ± 269 g, mean gestational age = 40+1 weeks) at 3, 6 and 12 months of age. Mean daily zinc, copper and manganese intakes were calculated using three‐day dietary records and test‐weight data for the breast‐fed infants. Hair samples were analyzed for these elements by instrumental neutron activation analyses. The medium hair zinc concentration in the pre‐term group at six months (81 μg/g) was lower (p<0.05) than that of the full‐term group (144 μg/g) and was associated with lower mean dietary zinc intakes at 3 and 6 months. At 12 months, the median hair copper (12.5 μg/g) and manganese (0.18 μg/g) concentrations for the pre‐term were lower (p<0.05) than those of the full‐term infants (Cu = 16.5 μg/g; Mn = 0.25 μg/g) and were also associated with low dietary cop

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09981.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The immediate postnatal metabolic adaptation and sympatho‐adrenal activation were studied in infants delivered vaginally or by elective caesarean section. Vaginally delivered infants showed high catecholamine levels at birth compared to infants born by caesarean section under epidural or general anaesthesia. Umbilical arterial glucose levels were significantly higher in the vaginal group than in both caesarean section groups. At 30 min, all groups showed a marked decrease with several infants showing asymptomatic hypoglycaemia in the caesarean section group. C‐peptide levels showed no difference at birth but later became significantly higher in the vaginal group. Although the levels of free fatty acids and glycerol were low at birth, they were significantly higher in the vaginal group. In all groups they increased substantially with time. Considering the marked differences in catecholamine levels, the differences in metabolic adaptation were unexpectedly small. This implies an attenuated metabolic response to sympatho‐adrenal stimulation in the ne

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09982.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is a major cause of mortality in neonates. Studies in experimental subjects have shown differing responses of plasma arginine vasopressin to hypoxia. Plasma arginine vasopressin levels, serum osmolality, urine osmolality and fluid intakes were measured in thirteen asphyxiated and nineteen control newborn infants during the first seventy‐two hours of life. In the asphyxiated infants plasma arginine vasopressin was found to be elevated as compared to control infants on days one (p<0.001) and two (p<0.007) but not on day three of life. Urine osmolality was also elevated in the study patients on days one (p<0.01) and two (p<0.001) but not on day three, in spite of equal intakes of fluid on day one in both groups and significantly diminished fluid intake on days two and three in the study patients. Serum osmolality was not different between the two groups on any day studied, and was felt to be on the basis of diminished intake in the study infants. The data presented in this study support the concept that arginine vasopressin release occurs following perinatal asphyxia in term newborn infan

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Total evaporative water loss, transepidermal as well as respiratory water loss was measured in 8 infants on day 1, 11 infants from day 2 to 8 and 8 infants after day 8. Measurements were performed at two levels of humidity, either vapor pressure of 16 or 25 mmHg (2133 or 3333 Pa). Evaporative water loss was 40 % lower at the higher humidity. Neither metabolic rate nor body temperature showed a significant difference between the two levels of humidity. The effect of the change in humidity on the neutral thermal environment was calculated, the neutral temperature being 0.05°C lower when the vapor pressure is increased by 1 mmHg (133.3 Pa). We conclude that a high humidity is of limited value in nursing infants born after 30–40 we

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations at birth were the same in infants of diabetic mothers and controls after both vaginal and abdominal delivery. The infants delivered vaginally had significantly higher noradrenaline concentrations than those delivered by caesarean section. During the first 12 postnatal hours, the concentration of noradrenaline decreased to levels similar to those found in newborn infants with minor respiratory problems. No hypoglycemic values were recorded in infants of diabetic mothers at birth nor during the first twelve hours after birth. The C‐peptide concentrations at birth were significantly lower in infants of diabetic mothers delivered vaginally as compared to those delivered by caesarean section. The FFA concentrations increased after birth possibly as a result of the lipolytic action of catecholamines released during labour and delivery. We have not been able to confirm the increased sympatho‐adrenal activity previously reported in infants of diabetic mothers. We suggest that the difference is due to better metabolic control in the diabetic mothers during pregnancy and delivery in this st

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serum IgG subclass concentrations were measured in 158 sera from preterm, appropriate for gestational age, infants born between 27 and 37 weeks of gestation, pregnancy, delivery and neonatal period being uncomplicated in all cases. At birth the IgG subclass concentrations were inversely correlated to the degree of prematurity. The IgG subclass concentrations decreased mainly proportionately during the neonatal period. The most immature infants born before the 30th week of gestation had critically low concentrations of all IgG subclasses. All immature infants, already in the first week after birth, showed capacity for IgGl and IgG3 synthesis.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09986.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY