摘要:

SummaryData concerning perinatal mortality in Iceland in 1970 are presented.The total number of newborn infants was 4 018. Perinatal mortality was 18.3/1 000.Information concerning perinatal mortality in Reykjavik 1961–1970 is also presented and comparisons made between Reykjavik and the country at larg

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOf 77 normal newborns, 42 were clamped early while 35 were clamped late. Using capillary blood from an unwarmed heel, the hema‐tocrit and the acid‐base balance of the two groups were compared. During the first day of life the hematocrit of late‐clamped newborns was fairly constant and higher than that of early‐clamped babies, the latter showing a definite fall 2–24 hours after birth. Regarding the acid‐base balance, no difference was found between the two groups of newborns except when measurements were performed 3–5 hours after birth. At this time actual pH and standard bicarbonate were lower in late‐clamped babies than in early‐clamped, while PCO2was identical. On the basis of the hematocrit findings it is proposed that the placental transfusion, by creating oedema of the interstitial space, may contribute to the well known discrepancy between the acid‐base status of the capillary and the arterial b

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary202 of 203 patients medically treated for hyper‐trophic pyloric stenosis at the Children's Hospital in Gothenburg 1922 to 1942 were classified according to the severity of their inanition during their disease. In the 180 registered for military service, height and the intelligence test results were investigated, and 176 of these were recently interviewed.A significant correlation was found between the adult height and the weight loss and duration of the inanition in infancy at a constant birth weight. A numerical but not statistically significant difference could be demonstrated in the intelligence and adaptability tests between the patients with more severe under‐nutrition and those of the same age at the time they entered military service.Another finding was that undernutrition in infancy seemed to be associated with a decreased fertility in men, especially in the siring of gi

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryOf 203 boys treated for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis at Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, during the years 1922–1942 a total of 195 could be traced by a follow‐up investigation in 1970. All had been medically treated. Seven died during their first year of life, none of the disease directly. This number is the approximate figure for infant mortality in Sweden at that time.The morbidity among the former patients did not differ from that for the general population. 7.5% had had peptic ulcer, the mean age at the interview was 35.6 years. This can be compared with a frequency of peptic ulcer at 16% for 50‐year olds in the population in Gothenburg.4.5% of close relatives had had hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The risk for the sons and daugthers was about the same, 1: 30. The brothers were the ones with the greatest risk,

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe effects of a new, synthetic analogue of vasopressin, DDAVP (l‐deamino‐8‐d‐arginine vasopressin), was investigated in 10 children with diabetes insipidus due to deficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The lack of pressor activity, and the specific and long‐lasting antidiuretic effect of this preparation was confirmed. During an observation period of 8–19 months it was found that intranasal administration of 1.25‐10 μg of DDAVP twice daily was sufficient to normalize drinking and urine production in all the patients. No side effects were observed. It is concluded that DDAVP is a valuable alternative in the treatment of vasopressin sensitive diabetes insipidus in children, and that it is well suited for

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryCerebral arterio‐venous differences of aceto‐acetate, D‐β‐hydroxybutyrate, glucose, glycerol, FFA, lactate, pyruvate and oxygen were determined during normo‐ and hypocapnia in children anaesthetized in connection with surgical operations or X‐ray procedures. Cerebral flow equivalent values were used to calculate the relative changes in uptake or production of substrates during hypocapnia. The uptake of ketone bodies was proportional to the cerebral blood flow and to the arterial concentration. In comparison with reported values in adults the estimated uptake of ketone bodies at a given arterial concentration was about four times higher in children. During hypocapnia, but not during normocapnia children had a significant lactate production. The vasodilating effect of carbon dioxide on the cerebral blood vessels seems to be the same in childre

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn order to elucidate the mechanism by which phototherapy induces loose stools in newborns, studies were performed on the speed of gut transit by performing the Carmine Red test on normal newborn, on jaundiced newborns before and after phototherapy.A statistically accelerated intestinal transit was observed in jaundiced newborns treated with phototherapy.The increased rate of intestinal transit produced by phototherapy is probably due to the action of the photo‐decomposition derivatives of bilirubin, which are excreted during phototherap

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe fibrinolytic activity of lung tissue was studied with Todd's histochemical method in a material of 29 newborn infants containing normal lungs, hyaline membrane disease, atelectasis and massive pulmonary haemorrhage. No significant difference was found between a group of hyaline membrane lungs and a group of atelectatic lungs without hyaline membranes. In one case with massive pulmonary haemorrhage the activity was high.Our findings make it questionable whether a lack of plasminogen activator in the lung of infants with hyaline membrane disease is a consistent finding and argue against an alteration of the intrapulmonary fibrinolytic system being of any major importance in the formation of the membranes.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe present study has demonstrated the existence of a defect in the metabolism of serotonin in CNS in Down's syndrome. The nature of this defect is sofar unknown.

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe excretion pattern of intramuscularly injected cholic acid‐24–14C was studied for 4 days after the injection in 10 cases of erythro‐blastosis (EB). Seven patients with EB and raised serum conjugated bilirubin excreted 3643% of the injected isotope in the urine, whereas the amounts of isotope in the faeces varied greatly. In 3 cases without raised serum conjugated bilirubin less isotope was recovered in the urine and always more than 10% of injected isotope was recovered in the faeces. Cholic acid‐24–14C was excreted essentially unchanged in all cases but in conjugated form.In all cases of EB the urine was found to contain bile acids, chiefly cholic acid. The infants with EB associated with cholestasis excreted 4.8–132.3 μmol of these acids per day; the corresponding values in the absence of cholestasis being 0.4–0.9 μmol per day. In the infants with physiological jaundice the excretion ranged from less than 0.01 to 0.7 μmol per day; the correspondign values in the 2 patients with hyperbilirubinaemia were about 0.2 μmol per day.The infants with EB associataed with cholestasis were found to excrete as large amounts of bile acids in the urine as the infants with intrahepatic cholestasis. These findings strongly suggest that increased serum conjugated bilirubin, irrespective of the patho‐genesis of the liver damage, is associated with an impaired bile acid excretion to the intestine. EB without increased serum conjugated bilirubin did not seem to alter the bile acid metabolism, since the urinary excretion of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid in these cases was practically the same as in jaundi

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY