摘要:

Linnaeus is often undervalued as a zoologist. His importance lies not only in the introduction of binomial nomenclature and hisSystema Naturae.As a systematist he divided the insects into the groups, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Neuroptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and Aptera. His programme, as expressed in hisMethodusinSystema Naturae(1st ed.) is astounding in its biological manysidedness. He was before his time in many respects: he wrote and lectured upon bird migration, biological control of insects with their parasites or predators, protective mimicry, the struggle by all organisms for survival, contagious diseases as well as fermentation due to small living particles. He was the first to call attention to the close relationship between man and the anthropoid apes.

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00725.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Evidence obtained by examination of documents from Linnaeus' own Library and now preserved in the Strongroom of the Linnean Society of London is analysed to show how doubts and errors in early descriptions ofDiopsis ichneumoneaLinnaeus arose and were perpetuated by copyists.Reference is also made toPaussus microcephalusLinnaeus and to the spelling of this generic name.Illustrated by five photographic reproductions from the original documents mentioned above.

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00726.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data on the distribution and frequency of hymenopterous parasites of leaf‐mining insects on deciduous trees show that Chalcidoidea of the family Eulophidae are the chief component of the parasite faunas. The regular parasite complement of a leaf‐mining species is in the order of 10 to 20 species of parasitic Hymenoptera. Many of these are polyphagous, but in almost all instances a preference for a particular type of host is evident. The parasite faunas of tree leaf‐mining Lepidoptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera are shown to be qualitatively similar, but those of Diptera are rather different. The parasite faunas of tree leaf‐miners are different also from those of leaf gall‐forming insects on trees and, to a lesser degree, from those of leaf‐miners on herbaceous plants. The parasite fauna associated with a tree genus is quantitatively and qualitatively characteristic and, in general, it most resembles that found on allied tree genera. Congeneric leaf miners attacking the same tree species are attacked by very similar parasite faunas, although mine situation and season of development may exert some influence. These latter factors are considered especially in relation to leaf‐miners of the genusPhyllonorycterfor which most data

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00727.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cells ofCodosiga gracilis(Kent) de Saedeleer were grown in culture with two strains of bacteria and observed over a period of almost two years. Throughout the growth cycle, cell form varied with rounded motile individuals predominating during the first three days after subculture and stalked cells predominating in older cultures. Electron microscopy of sections revealed the presence of at least two flagellar bases and an elaborate microtubular system associated with the base of the single emergent flagellum. Capture and ingestion of bacteria has been observed using light microscopy, and electron microscopy of sections has demonstrated the relationship between the engulfing pseudopodium and adjacent collar tentacles.

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00728.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Criteria for defining “chloroplast symbiosis” are outlined. Investigations are described into the presence or absence of chloroplast symbiosis inLimapontia capitata,“pale” and “dark” forms ofL. depressa, Alderia modestaandElysia viridis.Apart fromE. viridis,only “pale” forms ofL. depressashowed signs of the phenomenon. All sacoglossans hitherto shown definitely to possess “chloroplast symbiosis” have the twin characteristics of being elysioid and having siphonaceous algae as the source of chloroplasts. It is therefore suggested that the phenomenon may not be very widespread in the order, probably occurring in less than

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00729.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0024-4066    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8312.1974.tb00730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY