摘要:

One of AGU's major missions has always been exchange of information among scientists in the geophysical disciplines. Through its journals and meetings the Union has tried to lower the boundaries between differing disciplines, while on the international scene it has helped, through vigorous participation in the affairs of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, to foster scientific exchange across national frontiers. This has been a useful but clearly insufficient effort. Only a limited number of people can attend international meetings, and the foreign literature, in particular, that becomes available often remains a locked treasure because of the language barrier. This has been especially true for material written in Russian.This communications gap was bridged, starting in 1957, by AGU's Russian translation program, which covered a number of journals either exhaustively or selectively. The National Science Foundation has supported the program since its inception; but in the clamor for funds and rearranged priorities the Foundation took the attitude that the translations should become self‐supportin

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00867

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence of man on climate began to show itself as early as several thousand years ago. In many areas forests gave way to cultivated land, which resulted in an increase in surface wind speed, and some change of temperature and humidity in the lower boundary layer, as well as a change in the regime of soil moisture, evaporation, and river runoff. Another effect of man's activity upon climate is artificial irrigation, which has been applied in arid regions for many centuries. Irrigation appreciably increases evaporation from the earth's surface, causing temperature decrease and an increase in relative humidity. Observations have shown that the effect of forest felling and irrigation on meteorological conditions is limited only to changes in local climate, i.e., the climate of the regions where pertinent measurements are carried out [Landsberg, 1970].

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00868

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

NOAA oceanographers have placed an identification ‘tag’ on a huge cold water eddy that broke through the Gulf Stream from the North Atlantic and is headed south. This eddy, another in an apparent series of massive bodies of water that may affect Atlantic coast weather, is now about 300 miles due east of Savannah, Georgia, moving south at the rate of approximately two miles a day.The new eddy is so huge that its total volume is estimated to equal the amount of water in the Gulf Stream flowing past Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, in about 10 days. The Gulf Stream's volume approximates that of 2000 Mississippi Rivers, with a flow of 100 billion tons of water per hour, 22 times as large as all the rivers of the ea

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00875

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

K.C.M. Nyalugwe, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Mines and Mining Development of the Republic of Zambia, recently announced the award of a contract for a 500,000‐square‐kilometer airborne magnetic and gamma ray survey for geological mapping. The contract was awarded to GeoMetrics, an international geophysical instrument and services company with headquarters in Palo Alto, California.The contract covers an aerial survey program for the Geological Survey of Zambia. GeoMetrics will collect aeromagnetic and airborne gamma ray spectrometer data in digital form over the entire central African nation. The data will be computer processed and mapped by GeoMetrics, and the results will be integrated with data from Zambia's countrywide geochemical and geological mapping prog

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00876

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Science Foundation, in cooperation with the Department of State, has opened competition for the 1973 awards for NATO Postdoctoral Fellowships in Science. The Foundation plans to award 55 NATO Fellowships in February 1973.The application deadline for the NATO Postdoctoral Fellowships is October 23, 1972. This program, offered to citizens or nationals of the United States, is designed primarily for individuals who have received their doctorates within the past five years.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00877-01

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new computer model has been developed that describes the way rock formations dilate under stress. This computer, used in conjunction with laboratory observations of rock deformation, has provided ‘the first significant step toward predicting the place, time and even magnitude of an impending earthquake,’ according to J.T. Cherry, Principal Investigator in the Geophysics and Materials Department at Systems, Science and Software, Inc., of La Jolla, California.The computer ‘dilatancy model’ previously developed by Cherry, plus the laboratory observations, have been used to explain readings from a region of California's San Andreas fault. Data taken by scientists at the region over a five‐year period had perplexed seismologists, since the data did not correlate with information generated by oth

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00878-01

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The formation of a new Atmospheric Sciences Group, with responsibility in environmental research and other programs, has been announced by the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory of the University of California.The Group is organizationally part of the LLL Physics Department. Headed by Joseph B. Knox, the Group is intended to consolidate a variety of atmospheric science efforts and increase communication between participating scientists. One of the Group's most powerful tools will be the numerical modeling capability of the Livermore computational facility, which is one of the world's most advanced.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00879-01

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Engdahl Enterprises has announced their new Peak Shock Recorder Model 1200 that senses and records the shock spectrum caused by earthquakes, storms, and explosions. The recorder is useful whenever acceleration measurements are desired at low frequencies. The plot of the recorder's twelve individual measurements is the shock spectrum of the acceleration to which the recorder was subjected.The PSR 1200 is a twelve‐channel direct‐recording accelerometer, which effectively plots a frequency spectrum of the applied shock and is completely self‐contained. Twelve reeds of different lengths and weights, one for each frequency, are fabricated from spring steel. A diamond‐ tripped stylus is attached to the free end of each reed to inscribe a permanent record of its deflection on one of twelve record plates. A calibration sheet for each recorder lists the resonant frequency and sensitivity of each reed. The Peak Shock Recorder can be used in connection with dams, high‐rise structures, nuclear power plants, mines, ships, earth studies, and oil exp

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00880

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00881

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A symposium on sources, sinks, and concentrations of carbon monoxide and methane in the earth's environment was held at the Happy Dolphin Inn, St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, August 15–17, 1972. This was a joint meeting of the American Geophysical Union and the American Meteorological Society and was cosponsored by the Department of Transportation, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Approximately 80 scientists attended the meeting, at which 26 papers were presented. The attendees came from Australia, Belgium, Canada, Great Britain, and West Germany as well as from the United States and included most of the world's top scientists involved in the conference topic. S. Fred Singer of the University of Virginia acted as General Chairman of the symposiu

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO053i010p00885

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY