摘要:

The personnel of the Committee on Snow was chosen to represent not only districts and large watersheds but also phases of interest. These phases dealt originally with the forecasting of water‐supplies in lakes and streams. But this basic Western interest quickly expanded into general snow‐studies, ice‐engineering, alimentation of glaciers, and polar exploration; then into snow‐removal, flood‐forecasting, and the conservation of snow. The present year two additional phases have been discovered, namely, (1) International forecasting and distribution of streams and (2) winter sports. The former was developed by W. A. Lamb and O. H. Hoover, district engineers in charge of Federal Water‐Resources Divisions in Montana and Alberta. The latter should be credited to the National Pa

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00265

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The membership of the Committee remains the same as stated in theTransactionsof the 15th Annual Meeting, except that Kenneth N. Phillips has taken the place of Carl P. Richards, as representative of the Mazamas, of Portland, Oregon.The Committee submits the following report on the variations of glaciers in the continental United States and Alaska for 1935 or, more precisely, for the 12‐month period from the autumn of 1934 to the autumn of 193

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00286

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the past year two members have been added to this Committee, Messrs. Blaney and Harding. The present list of members is as follows: Harry F. Blaney, 600 Federal Building, Los Angeles, California; N. W. Cummings, San Bernardino, California; R. E. Kennedy, Denver, Colorado; H. H. Kimball, Washington, D. C.; G. F. McEwen, La Jolla, California; Burt Richardson, La Jolla, California; Carl Rohwer, Fort Collins, Colorado; C. M. Saville, Hartford, Connecticut; Thorndike Saville, New York, New York; C. V. Theis, Washington, D. C.; S. T. Harding, Berkeley, California.Two papers on evaporation were presented at the meeting of the Section of Hydrology at Pasadena, California, February 1, 1936. These were both entitled “Evaporation from water‐surfaces: Status of present knowledge and need for further investigations,” the authors being N. W. Cummings and A. A.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00294

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The membership of the Permanent Research Committee on Absorption and Transpiration remains as reported in theTransactionsof the 15th Annual Meeting, with the exception of Dr. J. E. Weaver, who resigned June 25, 1935.The Committee's report consists of a brief review of current work and published reports on the subject of absorption and transpiration In the United States, to the extent that it has been reported by members of the Committee. Discussion of the List of Terms with Definitions, accompanying the 1934–35 Report of the Committee (Appendix A), has been received during the year and accompanies the present report as Appendix A. The main report was not prepared sufficiently in advance for submission to members of the Committee, and represents the views of the Chairman onl

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00296

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Chairman, in a letter to members of the Committee and others, stated as follows:“(1) Opportunity for public discussion of important hydrologic papers presented before the American Geophysical Union has not been furnished. Such papers require advance distribution to enable a satisfactory review to be made, and the present facilities of the American Geophysical Union do not permit this. The value of these papers would be greatly enhanced by written discussio

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00302

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

(1)Introductory—The primary thesis of this discussion is three‐fold, namely: (a) To show that the basic principles underlying the so‐called “unit‐graph” method of estimating surface runoff appearing in an article by L. K. Sherman (Stream‐flow from rainfall by unit‐graph method, Eng. News‐Rec, April 7, 1932) in 1932 appeared in Publication 400 (J. A. Folse, A new method of estimating stream‐flow based upon a new evaporation‐formula, Washington, 1929) of the Carnegie Institution of Washington; (b) to show that the method of applying the principles involved in the latter reference is more rigorous as well as more widely applicable, and hence, obviously, superior to the mere graphical method; and (c) to point out that the principle involved had been In use since 1911 on the computations and studies involved in Publication 400.(2)Surface‐runoff to stream B at Wagon wheel Gap. Colorado—The surface‐runoff to this stream as given by equation 86 (p. 177 of Pub. 400), which is rewritten here for convenience, is 1.40 rf1+ 1.43 rf2+ 1.64 rf4+ 14.0 rf5+ 8.24f6+ 3.11f7= DF(1)in which rf1= increase in storage above the ground‐surface on the current day; rf2= increase in storage oin the preceding day; rf3= increase in storage on the day before the preceding day; rf4= increase in storage on the next preceding two days; rf5= increase in storage on the next preceding four days; rrf6= increase in storage on the next preceding eight days; rf7= increase in storage on the next preceding sixteen days; rf1to rf4are in units of 0.01 inch of depth and rf5to rf7are expressed in 0.1 inch of depth; and DFis the “flood‐flow” or that part of the total stream‐flow due to

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00306

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is with difficulty that this reviewer has arrived at what is felt to be a fair evaluation of “A new method of estimating stream‐flow” by J. A. Folse, Research Associate, Carnegie Institution of Washington, published in 1929. This work, together with the development of an evaporation‐formula, comprises Bulletin 400 of the Carnegie Institution and presents the work of the late Dr. John F. Hayford. Mr. Folse, Dr. Hayford's principal assistant, later concluded the work and arranged its publication. Some idea of the magnitude of the project can be derived from the statement of Mr. Folse that Dr. Hayford himself spent some 2000 hours on the non‐routine parts, and over 32,000 man‐hours by 41 persons were consumed in makin

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00309

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper gives data on certain observed rates of soil‐infiltration and other rainfall‐losses during the progress of a storm. Infiltration takes place only during the period of rainfall andsurface‐runoff (excepting cases like the dry Western stream‐beds). R. E. Horton (Surface‐runoff phenomena, Bull. 101, Horton Hydrologic Laboratory, Edwards Brothers, Pub. Ann Arbor, Mich.) has presented a method whereby the hydrograph of surface‐runoff may be derived from the observed stream‐flow hydrograph. With this hydrograph of surface‐runoff and with the application of M. M. Bernard's “pluviograph” (An approach to determine stream‐flow, Trans. Amer. Soc. C. E., No. 100, 1935), it is possible to find the infiltration and other losses during the storm‐period, on a drainage‐basin, provided good records of rainfall and of

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00312

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

(1) In the development of the 9‐foot slack‐water navigation works on the Upper Mississippi River, the relation of river stages and discharges during particular periods of years to the long‐term averages has become of importance in design and in the settlement of legal questions. But before the long‐term averages can be used as a reliable base they must be tested for consistency. The exact locations and the types of gages used have varied from time to time, and the method of measuring discharge has improved greatly. A thorough test for consistency of these long‐term records is essential in order to test the correctness of the conversions from one gage or method t

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00314

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Prompted by the suggestion in the Chairman's memorandum to Committee members in which the question of revision of the Yarnell rainfall‐charts was raised, I conferred recently with D. L. Yarnell and Adolph Meyer with the view of reaching a conclusion on this and other related questions. A proposed project grew out of this conference which we should like to have the Committee consider and advise upon.It is believed that we can expect from now on a more accurate and dependable record of rainfall and other observed meteorological data than heretofore collected. This very increase in accuracy and dependability makes it necessary for us, as nearly as possible, to approach the limit of usefulness of all past data if we are to successfully correlate the future with the pas

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR017i002p00317

年代:1936

数据来源: WILEY