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1. |
Chemical history of the Earth's core |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 63,
Issue 47,
1982,
Page 1185-1188
Stephen G. Brush,
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摘要:
The history of ideas about the earth's core is reviewed, from the l9th century to the present. Following the determination of the outer core boundary by B. Gutenberg and the establishment of the fluidity of the core by H. Jeffreys, the current model for the overall physical structure was completed by Inge Lehmann's discovery of the inner core and the proposal by F. Birch and K.E. Bullen that the inner core is solid>The traditional assumption that the core is primarily iron was challenged by several scientists in the 1940's, especially W.H. Ramsey, who proposed that the core boundary marks a change in physical but not chemical state. His hypothesis, that the core is a liquid ‘metallized silicate,’ was refuted by research on the properties of silicates at high pressures, but it raised the question whether a theory of the present state of the earth's interior should be consistent with some plausible theory of its origin and development. While Western geophysicists tended to ignore this criterion, a group of Russian scientists developed a theory which satisfied it, although it was difficult to maintain the metallized silicate hypothesis. A compromise model, proposed in the 1970s, involves iron and oxygen in proportions chosen to satisfy density conditions but also derivable by physicochemical evolution from an initially homogeneous ea
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO063i047p01185
年代:1982
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
Instrumentation crisis for VGP: Committee Report |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 63,
Issue 47,
1982,
Page 1186-1186
Joseph V. Smith,
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摘要:
As described in the editorial inEOS(62,p. 1153, Nov. 24, 1981) there is a crisis in geochemical/mineralogical instrumentation. The ad hoc committee of the Geological Sciences board of the NRC has prepared a report based on (1) a two‐thirds response to a detailed questionnaire sent out to 100 research and teaching institutions, (2) many letters from scientists, and (3) discussions between committee members. The report consists of a one‐page summary of recommendations plus a detailed set of data and arguments. The one‐page summary is printed below, and members of VGP are invited to send comments to me. In the next few months the ad hoc committee will take appropriate steps to implement the recommendations. I shall be particularly glad to hear from volunteers who would like to join committees and working groups for designing new equipment and organizing workshops. My phone number is 312‐962‐8110 (Wednesday–Friday, 8:00 A.M.–6:45 P.M.; Friday, 8–11:00 A.M. preferred because of teaching and research commitments at other times). Many thanks to those who wrote
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO063i047p01186
年代:1982
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
The 98th Congress and science |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 63,
Issue 47,
1982,
Page 1187-1187
Barbara T. Richman,
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摘要:
Many supporters of science were reelected in the November 2 congressional elections, but several key people will not return for another term. Although some reassignments will be made for the 98th Congress, which convenes in early January, there are sure to be some familiar faces on the major committees of both houses concerned with the earth sciences.All but eight of the incumbents on the House Science and Technology Committee will return. Don Fuqua (D.‐Fla.) will return as chairman, Doug Walgren (D.‐Pa.) is expected to continue as chairman of the Science, Research, and Technology Subcommittee, and Ronnie Flippo (D.‐Ala.) is likely to retain the chairmanship of the Space Science and Applications Subcommittee. California Rep. George E. Brown (D), well known for his staunch science support, is also returning for another
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO063i047p01187-01
年代:1982
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
Scanning Electron Microscopy and X‐Ray Microanalysis |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 63,
Issue 47,
1982,
Page 1188-1188
Arden L. Albee,
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摘要:
This outstanding volume has managed the nearly impossible task of combining the expertise of all six authors in a lucid and homogeneous style of writing. Subtitled ‘A Text for Biologists, Material Scientists and Geologists,’ the book has evolved from a short course taught each summer at Lehigh University.The book provides a basic knowledge of (1) the electron optics for these instruments a nd their controls, (2) the characteristics of the electron beam‐sample interactions, (3) image formation and interpretation, (4) X ray spectrometry and quantitative X ray microanalysis with separate detailed sections on wavelength dispersive and energy dispersive techniques, and (5) specimen preparation, especially for biological mate
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO063i047p01188
年代:1982
数据来源: WILEY
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5. |
Schubert edits JGR‐Red |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 63,
Issue 47,
1982,
Page 1191-1191
Barbara T. Richman,
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摘要:
‘As editor, my major concern will be to maintain and strengthen theJournal of Geophysical Research'sposition as the preeminent journal in solid earth and solid planet geophysics,’ asserted Gerald Schubert, the new editor of the red section of JGR. ‘I will endeavor to ensure that all major subject areas covered by JGR‐Red are adequately represented among the published papers.’ Schubert, professor of geophysics and planetary physics at the University of California, Los Angeles, officially begins his 4‐year term as editor on December 1, although he has been receiving manuscripts since October 1.The new editor brings to JGR enthusiasm and dedication. ‘I will try to make it the type of journal that the readers want it to be in terms of both rapid publication time and publication of the best papers.’ He expects to continue the traditions that his predecessor, Thomas J . Ahrens, has established. In particular, Schubert wants to continue publishing special issues that focus on specific research topics. He welcomes suggestions for such issues from the res
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO063i047p01191
年代:1982
数据来源: WILEY
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