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1. |
High‐resolution studies of the eastern equatorial Pacific |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 73,
Issue 24,
1992,
Page 257-262
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摘要:
The nature of scientific drilling changed with the transition from the Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) to the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). As drilling technology, analytical techniques, and mathematical and conceptual models evolved, the DSDP's regional and reconnaissance‐oriented drilling gave way to the new orientation toward global problems adopted by the ODP. Through input from its advisory panels and international workshops, ODP has defined and ranked a series of key scientific questions to be addressed by ocean drilling, and it has chosen a series of globally distributed drill sites to answer the
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/91EO00208
年代:1992
数据来源: WILEY
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2. |
Examining sexism in the geosciences |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 73,
Issue 24,
1992,
Page 258-258
Lynn Teo Simarski,
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PDF (162KB)
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摘要:
Do women geoscientists face worse obstacles because of their gender than women in other sciences? A recent survey by the Committee on Professionals in Science and Technology showed that women with geoscience bachelor's degrees start off at only 68% of their male colleagues' salaries, much lower than women in biology (92%), engineering (102%), chemistry (103%), and physics (111%).Women still lag behind men in geoscience degrees as well. In 1990, women received about one‐third of geoscience bachelor's degrees, one‐quarter of masters, and about one‐fifth of Ph.D.'s, reports the American Geological Institute. In the sciences overall, women received about half of bachelor's degrees, 42% of masters, and about a third of Ph.D.'s in 1989, according to the National Research Co
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/91EO00210
年代:1992
数据来源: WILEY
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3. |
Reply [to “Comment on ‘GEWEX: The Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment”] Global water balance uncertainty |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 73,
Issue 24,
1992,
Page 259-259
Moustafa T. Chahine,
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摘要:
The accuracy of the hydrological cycle stated in the article is derived from the accuracy of its components. Globally, precipitation is poorly measured because of its high temporal and spatial variability. Simpson [1989] states “Most of the rain in the tropic falls in regions that are relatively inaccessible to in situ measurements. The quantitative distribution over the tropical oceans is uncertain to a multiplicative factor of about two to three.” In addition, our knowledge of global evaporation is also deficient. Soil moisture, plant evapotranspiration, and the fluxes of moisture from both the oceans and land are very difficult to measure and, on a global scale, are just as poorly known as precipitation. While atmospheric water vapor can be measured globally from space, its accuracy, according toBarnett et al. [1991], is known only to about 10–20% over the geographical oceans and 20–30% ov
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO073i024p00259-04
年代:1992
数据来源: WILEY
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4. |
Isotope tracers in hydrology |
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Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 73,
Issue 24,
1992,
Page 260-261
Jeffrey J. McDonnell,
Carol Kendall,
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PDF (230KB)
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摘要:
A major uncertainty in hydrologic and chemical modeling of watersheds has been the quantification of the contributions of water and solutes from various hydrologic pathways. Hydrologic models exist that can reproduce the timing and quantity of the hydrograph, but when chemical data are coupled with these physical models, they do not accurately reflect the streamwater chemistry. Therefore, it has been concluded that either the hydrologic pathways are represented inaccurately in the models or the processes affecting the water chemistry are not well understood.
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/91EO00214
年代:1992
数据来源: WILEY
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