摘要:

The almost unbelievable success of the IGY was abundantly confirmed at the meetings of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics at Helsinki this summer. Coming at a time when many IGY observations had been reduced, collated, and interpreted, we can recognize a ‘quantum‐jump’ in our understanding of the interplanetary environment. The work of the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, for example, whose meetings at Copenhagen and Helsinki are reported in the following pages, shows remarkable progress toward a coherent picture of heretofore poorly connected phen

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00541

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Twelfth General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics was held in the friendly, academic atmosphere of the University of Helsinki, located near the heart of the capital and metropolis of Finland, from July 25 to August 6, 1960. Lloyd V. Berkner, President of the American Geophysical Union, served as Chief Delegate from the United States. The principal delegates to the Associations were: Geodesy, Charles Pierce; Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior, Leonard M. Murphy; Meteorology, Thomas F. Malone; Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, Leroy R. Alldredge; Oceanography, Walter H. Munk; Volcanology, J. Frank Schairer; Hydrology, Walter B. Langbein.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00544

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Geodesy held Executive Committee meetings on July 25 and August 2. Throughout the period July 26 to August 6, inclusive, two plenary sessions, 33 sectional sessions, and 14 symposia meetings were scheduled; all but one of the symposia were in co‐sponsorship with various Associations. However, many unscheduled meetings were also held.The Association made plans for the formulation of two additional permanent commissions, one for geodetic uses of artificial satellites, and the other for the study of slow movement in the Earth's crust. The United States has a special interest in the work of both of these commissions, and will have several members on eac

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00560

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The substance of the Presidential Address as delivered by Harold Jeffreys is as follows:Since his earliest work, Jeffreys has searched for imperfections of elasticity in the Earth and Moon at small strains. As early as 1870 measurements were attempted of the Moon's distortion of the Earth. The first useful measurements were obtained about 1900, and much more accurate data are now being obtained as part of the IGY.Jeffreys mentioned briefly the effect of the Earth's imperfect elasticity where the Moon's attraction on the tides slows the Earth's rotation, and the reaction accelerates the Moon. For a circular orbit under gravitation the gain of potential energy is twice the loss of kinetic energy.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00569

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In accord with its primary aim of promoting research and theoretical studies concerning the atmosphere, and in encouraging crossdisciplinary collaboration on the scientific problems of the atmosphere, the International Association of Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics took several steps at the XIIth General Assembly of the IUGG that are intended to continue and strengthen the organizational framework within which the scientific activities of the Association are conducted.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00582

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy held meetings throughout the period of the IUGG General Assembly.All eleven of the regular Committees held meetings at which technical papers were presented; because of closely related interests, several of the Committees held combined sessions.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00605

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Physical Oceanography held meetings for the presentation of papers each day, July 26 to August 5, inclusive. Business meetings were held on July 26 and August 2. The Presidential address was presented on the morning of July 27 (see under Sessional Meetings.)The first plenary session of the IAPO was concerned primarily with the reports of the scientific committees, the re‐appointment or the appointment of new members to the committees, submission of national reports, a discussion of administrative matters and presentation of papers. The following Committees reported: Tides; Mean Sea Level; Oceanographic Observation from Weather Ships; Bibliographic Classification; Geophysical Year, Current Measurements; Bathymetric Charts and Chemical Oceanography. It was proposed that committees on Radiant Energy in the Sea, Marine Littorals, Nomenclature of Minor Bathymetric Features be organized. Anad hoccommittee for each was appointed. The union requested IAPO to make recommendations concerning World Data Centers, and anad hoccommittee consisting of Deacon, Bohnecke, Hela, Carruthers, Smed, Lyman, and Kolesnikov was appointe

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00629

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Volcanology held Section meetings and Symposia each day of the Assembly.The Presidential address was delivered on the afternoon of July 26. Following the address, the Secretary's report was presented.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00639

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Scientific Hydrology held three symposia (nine sessions) in cosponsorship with IAM, IAPO, and SCOR, besides a symposium on Hydrological Maps, two plenary sessions on general and administrative matters, 20 open meetings of special Commissions, 5 open meetings of Committees, and 3 Council meetings.The General Assembly at Helsinki highlighted, more than ever, the increasing role of international affairs of the AGU. About 30 hydrologists from the United States attended, 15 of them from non‐federal organizations, a particularly gratifying showing probably attributable in part to the availability of NSF travel grants to scientists. Forty‐seven papers in Hydrology, all of good quality, where given by American hydrologists. We met with prominent hydrologists from all parts of the world, many of whom were known to us from their writings or from previous meetings. As usual in such technical meetings there was a double‐barreled profit; as much is gained from personal contacts and direct arrangements for exchange of data as from the formal presentations thems

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00644

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An informal meeting of the CIG was held on the evening of August 4, 1960, at Helsinki. The topics of discussion included the future solar patrol, world magnetic survey, geophysical program during solar activity minimum, upper mantle project, world data centers, and 1961 world days calendar.A proposal for future cooperation in solar physics, with particular reference to solar patrols, submitted by Professors Ellison and Minnaert was endorsed. This would call for activity on the part of 10 to 15 stations in contrast to the 19 cinematographic and 25 visual stations in the IGY program. Tabulated lists of flares, active prominences, etc., would be sent to World Data Center C with copies to WDC‐A and WDC‐B. Publication would be made by the Quarterly Bulletin, and the IAU was called upon to expand publication to include such new material as photometric observations and solar disk magnetograms of Mt. Wilson. A group consisting of Shapley (convener), Elvey, Poushkov and Laursen was asked to study the matter further, and to report to CIG by January 1

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR041i004p00657

年代:1960

数据来源: WILEY