摘要:

Shortly after Norman Watkins's untimely death last November the Norman D. Watkins Memorial Fund was established within the University of Rhode Island Foundation for the purpose of perpetuating his memory on this campus and within the larger community of earth scientists. Whether this is done by establishing a scholarship, by providing for a lecture series, or in some other appropriate way is dependent upon the amount of money we are able to raise. Many of Norman's friends and associates are being informed of the existence of this fund.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00114

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A resolution was presented at the December 7, 1977, meeting of the Council by the Subcommittee on Women in Geophysics, proposing in essence that after the 1978 Spring Meeting in Miami Beach, AGU should not sponsor or cosponsor meetings in states that have not ratified the Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Considerable discussion followed, during which much rationale and some emotional opinions were aired, with the eventual result that the Council turned down the resolution in a split vote.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00115

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

I am here to extend you a warm welcome to our state and our community. I can think of no other circumstances in which an old marine biologist would be invited to address such a distinguished meeting of physical scientists. However, my real pleasure is in being able to represent all the citizens of our state and to say to you that we are delighted that when, for the first time in 14 years, you scheduled a major assembly in the United States, you chose the state of Washington, the city of Seattle, and the University of Washington as your meeting place.I believe that your choice of Washington was especially appropriate for two associations that deal with studies of the earth and the atmosphere, because within the boundaries of our state we have a land of great interest and diversity. A volcanic mountain chain, a beautiful inland sea, a forest of the temperate zone unique on this continent, ice‐carved valleys, and large rivers all contribute to a unique natural settin

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00116

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Recently, the JGR offices received a manuscript authored by an A. A. Aardvark. The Editor had never heard of him but, since it was a reasonably well written article, assumed that one of his regular contributors had suddenly taken a nom‐de‐plume. Further, Aardvark's name could not be found in the papers bibliography, a dead giveaway that Aardvark was not his real name, for even anonymous referees reference themselves. Since his manuscript was postmarked from my city and since he had requested that all correspondence be forwarded to a post office box there, it was suggested that I try to track down Aardvark and ascertain what had led him to this action. No doubt the Editor just wanted to see whether or not Aardvark was dangerous, but I thought that it would be of interest to the AGU membership if I conducted an in‐depth interview with him. Armed with a copy of the bibliography of Aardvark's paper, I found it quite easy to track him down. I knocked on his door, identified myself, and waited. I could hear paper shuffling and file cabinets being closed; then the door opened a crack, and the interview

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00118

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ionosphere serves as a closure path for electrical currents flowing from one part of the magnetosphere to another. How this happens is shown in detail by recent work of R. A. Greenwald at the Max Planck Institute, using the Scandinavian twin auroral radar experiment (Stare). Built in northern Scandinavia as part of the ground‐based program of the International Magnetospheric Study, Stare is producing measurements that are a significant advance in the study of the ionospheric current systems in the auroral zones.Explaining that electric fields which drive currents build up in the ionosphere in response to influences such as changes in solar activity, Greenwald says that the nature of these currents changes with the time of day. On the evening side of the earth these currents flow generally eastward, driven by a northward electric field; on the morning side they flow westward under the influence of a southward electric field. These auroral electrojets can extend over hundreds of kilometers north‐south and flow for thousands of kilometers east‐west. Where they flow, the electrons moving through the ions create plasma instabilities that can be observed by the r

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00121-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Unsolicited proposals for research in the Antarctic during the 1979–1980 austral summer (and extending through the following winter, if appropriate) are due by June 1, 1978. Similar proposals for research or data analysis in the United States beginning about January 1, 1979, are due at the same tim

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00122-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mount Baker, the 10,800‐ft volcano in northwest Washington State which showed signs of renewed life in 1975, now seems less likely to erupt, according to the U.S. Geological Survey, although the volcano continues to emit steam. David Frank, geologist with the USGS Tacoma, Washington, office, said that some fumaroles in Sherman Crater near the crest increased their activity slightly after 1975, but emissions from other fumaroles have decreased in quantity or temperature.‘Overall,’ Frank said, ‘thermal activity at the volcano seems to be remaining at about the level developed so dramatically in 1975, but as far as we can tell, the activity has not shown any signs of incr

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00123-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Cosmic rays from outer space are the likely triggering mechanism which produces lightning, according to James W. Follin, Jr., from Johns Hopkins University. In a paper presented at the 1977 AGU Fall Meeting, Follin explained that a large cosmic ray shower penetrating thunderclouds ionizes oxygen and nitrogen molecules to detach electrons in the first step of producing lightning. These free electrons are accelerated in the preexisting strong electric field and generate a glowing electron avalanche which concentrates charge at the bottom of the cloud until the local electric field builds up to levels where the lightning bolt can finally break from the cloud.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00125-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The atmospheric ‘seesaw’ between Greenland and northern Europe was more responsible for last winter's record cold in the eastern United States than any possible anthropogenic causes, according to a report at the 1977 AGU Fall Meeting.Jeffery Rogers of the University of Colorado's Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research and Harry VanLoon of the National Center for Atmospheric Research reported that the wintertime climate of the entire northern hemisphere responds when the atmospheric seesaw modes are occurring as a result of fluctuations in the Icelandic low or Icelandic cyclone, a major atmospheric surface pressure system often noted on monthly average pressure maps. On the average this cyclone alternates between deep and shallow states in a period of just over 2 years. The pressure distribution over the entire hemisphere, particularly near the position of the North Pacific or Aleutian low, responds at the same t

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00126-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A new exchange format for marine geophysical data has been developed by a special task force convened by a workshop of the Solar‐Terrestrial Data Cente

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO059i003p00128-01

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY