摘要:

The Consensus of many who attended the Law of the Sea Conference in Caracas this past summer includes the following: (1) the chances of reaching agreement are at best fair when the conference reconvenes in Geneva in mid‐March 1975; (2) if agreement is not reached in 1975, the chances of reaching agreement in subsequent years is even less likely; and (3) scientific research issues received a somewhat more sympathetic hearing in Caracas than during the three years of preparatory meetings that led to the conference.I do not wish to mislead anyone by the last statement. If a vote had been taken at Caracas, the agreed‐upon regime would have included both an economic zone and an International Seabed Authority. The economic zone would extend 200 miles seaward of national boundaries and encompass 37% of the ocean, an area approximately equal to the emerged land mass of the earth. Within the 200‐mile economic zone it would be necessary to receive explicit permission from the coastal nation to conduct any scientific research. The primary mission of the internationally controlled International Seabed Authority is the regulation of mining manganese nodules in the ocean beyond the economic zone. It is possible that this authority would have been voted at least token control over research on the deep s

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01051

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bunsen, of burner fame, and his associate, Descloizeaux, made the first scientific studies of geysers during a journey to Iceland in 1846 [Bunsen, 1848;Descloizeaux, 1847). They did then what we do now with geysers: they analyzed their waters for chemicals; probed their depths with primitive but effective and reliable maximum temperature thermometers; observed circulation patterns within their reservoirs; listened to their gurglings and detonations as instabilities developed; described ejection patterns of the water thrown out during eruptions; and finally, developed a geyser theory that still stands today. Both were clever experimenters, careful analysts, and interesting writers. Gentlemen travelers, explorers, scientists, guides—a whole host of men have written about geysers and speculated on their behavior [Mackenzie, 1842;Langford, 1871;Hague, 1904;Fix, 1939;Vosburgh, 1940;Marler, 1964a;Haynes, 1966;Bonney and Bonney, 1970]. Much of this literature is purely descriptive, extolling the beauties of the geysers, describing their geological settings, their external forms and basins, and their activit

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01052

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The first U.S. Synchronous Meteorological Satellite (SMS‐1), launched last May by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is in a 22,300‐mile‐high earth‐synchronous orbit that keeps it continuously above one spot in the mid‐Atlantic. From this lofty outpost, the satellite views weather systems over approximately one‐third of the earth and sends back images of what it sees to receiving stations on earth every half hour, night and day.The satellite images served as a basic tool for diiecting ship and aircraft operations during the study conducted last summer by GATE (the Global Atmospheric Research Program‐Atlantic Tropical Experiment, sponsored by the World Meteorological Organization and the International Council of Scientific Unions). The purpose of the study, which ended in September, was to investigate tropical weather systems and their role as the driving force of the earth

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01063

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The International Association of Geodesy will hold its 1975 general assembly from August 18 to 23 in Grenoble, France.The meeting will precede the Sixteenth General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics from August 24 to September 6, 1975, with its administrative meetings and interassociation symposiums.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01064-02

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Seismic Engineering Branch of the U.S. Geological Survey in San Francisco has announced that it will reinstitute publication of theQuarterly Engineering Seismology Bulletin, which last appeared in December 1965.It is planned that each quarterly issue will include (1) a list of recent changes (instrument additions or deletions) in the national strong‐motion network; (2) a list of the most recently collected strong‐motion records, with maximum acceleration and epicentral distance tabulations for each station at which a ground acceleration of 0.05gor greater has been recorded; and (3) other pertinent information such as improvements in instrumentation, changes in capabilities of data management, and descriptions of research contemplated or being carried out by the Seismic Engineering Bra

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01065-01

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A call for papers has been issued by the organizers of the Second International Symposium on Ozone for Water and Waste Water Treatment, to be held at the Sheraton Mount Royal Hotel in Montreal, May 11–14, 1975.In addition to papers on the major theme of the conference, contributions are solicited in other related fields of ozone technology, e.g., ozone generation, analytical chemistry of ozone, air treatment, industrial and municipal deodorizing, and atmospheric ozone studie

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01066-01

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This Special Session was organized and chaired by Orson L. Anderson for the Fifty‐Fifth Annual Meeting of the American Geophysical Union, held in April 1974. Five invited papers were presented, four dealing with the mantle of the earth and the fifth with samples of the core.The first paper, 'The Mantle Sample From the Kimberlites and an Estimated Geotherm,' was by F.R. Boyd, Jr., of the Geophysical Laboratory. Some of the results have been published previously [Boyd, 1973a,b]. Basically, Boyd compared the compositions of pyroxenes in ultramafic nodules in kimberlites with compositions of pyroxenes synthesized under known pressures and temperatures to establish what he interprets as a fossil (Cretaceous) geotherm beneath Lesotho (Africa) and elsewhere, for example, beneath Montana [Hearn and Boyd, 1973] (see Figure 1). In these instances, the high‐pressure (deep) leg of the geotherm is inflected to higher temperatures. The rocks that plot on the lowtemperature, shallower segment of the geotherm have a ‘normal’ granular texture, but those on the deep (high‐temperature) segment are sheared. Boyd suggests that movement of the Cretaceous lithospheric plates sheared the underlying deepseated mantle rocks, concomitantly heating them above their predrift temperatures. Eruption of the kimberlites at about this time quenched in the high‐temperature, high‐pressure compositions of the pyroxenes, thus preserving a record of the pertu

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01068

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO055i012p01096

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY