摘要:

It finally happened. The International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) launched what promises to become the largest, most complex, and most ambitious program of international scientific cooperation ever to be organized.Of several fathers (some officially recognized as such, others not) and after several years of gestation, IGBP saw the light on September 19, 1986, when the General Assembly of ICSU meeting in Berne, Switzerland, passed a resolution accepting the recommendations formulated by an ad hoc Planning Group in a document entitledThe International Geosphere‐Biosphere Programme: A Study of Global Change[ICSU, 1986]. This is also the official designation of the project. Its main objective will be “to describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate the total earth system, the unique environment that it provides for life, the changes that are occurring in this system, and the manner in which they are influenced by human actio

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00777-01

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Drilling observations made in a young igneous system following a single, recent, well‐described volcanic event can greatly improve our understanding of magmatic and hydrothermal processes and of the rates at which these processes operate. A group of geoscientists (Table 1) has been working since May 1985 to formulate and advance a plan for research at the site of the historically important 1912 eruption at Katmai, Alaska, as part of the Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CSDP). The plan was presented at the June 12–13, 1986, CSDP Workshop, held in Rapid City, S.Dak., and has now entered a more formal proposal development stage for consideration by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, and U.S. Geological Survey as an interagency effort. This report is provided to inform the geoscience community of the rationale for CSDP research at Katmai and of the forthcoming opportunities for participation in this multidisciplinary effort in the field of magmatic proces

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00778

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The AGU Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section is not three disparate subdisciplines of the solid earth sciences thrust in a Procrustean manner into a bed of odd bed fellows. Rather, we all know that these three subdisciplines are so intimately related that the lines that divide them are artificial and subjective. The volcanologist who does not use geochemistry or petrology in his or her work these days is not playing with a full deck; this applies equally to the other two disciplines. It hasn't always been so, but the science is much better now that it is. I think this is why the VGP Section is becoming more closely knit and why VGP membership has been growing so fast (now 12% of AGU membership).

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00780

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A paper in this month's issue ofGeophysical Research Lettershelps to dispel the conventional idea that raindrops 4–8 mm in diameter can only result from the melting of cloud ice. Giant raindrops up to 8 mm in diameter have now been observed in tropical rainstorms, according to Kenneth V. Beard of the Illinois State Water Survey (Champaign, Ill.), David B. Johnson of the Division of Atmospheric Resources Research in the Bureau of Reclamation (Denver, Colo.), and D. Baumgardner of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (Boulder, Colo.). The clouds studied in the Hawaiian Warm Rain Project were limited by a marine inversion to altitudes where the temperature is above the freezing poin

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00781-01

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Applications are available for National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Fellowships and Minority Graduate Fellowships for 1987–1988. These fellowships provide an annual stipend of $11,100 and a cost‐of‐education allowance of $6000 per year. The education allowance is provided to each fellow's educational institution in lieu of all tuition and fees. These fellowships are renewable for up to 3 years, depending on the availability of NSF

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00782-04

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Wood'sThe Dark Side of the Earthis another addition to the growing list of books on the recent revolution in the earth sciences. Wood rightly points out that any new book on the topic should break new ground. In the preface, he writes of himself and his book that he has benefited from previous accounts by saving himself research time, and that his book, unlike others, “attempts to tell one complete story of the study of the Earth, geologists, geophysicists, dreamers and all” (p. vi). Wood is ambitious, for his work covers much of 19th‐century geology as well as the development, reception, rejection, and eventual acceptance of mobilist ideas. Before discussing the work of the German meteorologist and geophysicist Alfred L. Wegener, American glacial geomorphologist Frank Taylor, and several of their predecessors who proposed “mobilist” ideas, he manages to string together brief descriptions of the contributions of (among others) German mineralogist Abraham Gottlob Werner, British geologists James Hutten and John Playfair, British engineer William Smith, British geologist Charles Lyell, American geologists James Hall and James Dwight Dana, British volcanologist William Lowthian Green, American geologist Grove Karl Gilbert, French geologist Elie de Beaumont, British geologist and mathematician Osmond Fisher, American geologist Clarence Dutton, British mathematician and physicist Lord Kelvin, Austrian geologist Eduard Suess, French geologist Marcel Bertrand, and American geologist Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin. Moreover, Wood offers an interesting thesis about the revolution in the earth sciences. He claims that the real revolution was not the replacement of fixist views with the mobilist ones of sea floor spreading and plate tectonics, but rather the replacement of geology with the new discipline of the earth sciences in which geophysics and geochemistry play the cen

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00783

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The First GLOBMET Symposium was held in Dushanbe, Tadzhikistan, U.S.S.R., August 19–24, 1985. GLOBMET (Global Meteor Observation System) was first proposed by the Soviet Geophysical Committee in Moscow (specifically, by committee members B. L. Kashcheyev and V. A. Nechitailenko) and was accepted by the Middle Atmosphere Program (MAP) Steering Committee of the Scientific Committee on Solar‐Terrestrial Physics (SCOSTEP, part of the International Council of Scientific Unions) as a MAP project in 1982. While the atmospheric dynamics data from the system are of primary interest to MAP, GLOBMET also encompasses the astronomical radio and optical observations of meteoroids and the physics of their interaction with the earth's atmosph

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00788

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The AGU Hydrology Section sponsored a special session on History and Heritage of Hydrology between 8:30 A.M. and 12 noon on Monday, December 9, 1985, during the Fall Meeting at San Francisco. The session was chaired by T. N. Narasimhan of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (Berkeley, Calif.). The attendance of between 100 and 120 for each talk was indicative of a healthy interest among researchers on matters related to history.The first part of the session focused attention on the theme “The Evolution of the Notion of Time in Hydrogeology.” The last two speakers addressed topics outside of this theme. Simon Ince (University of Arizona, Tucson) presented a historical account of the contributions of 19th century French scientist Barre de Saint‐Venant to transient flow of water in open channels. Olaf H. Pfannkuch (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis) presented a historical account of the Cult of Saint Barbara and the mining profession of medieval Europe. The following summary is restricted to an overview of those presentations that dealt with the evolution of the notion of time in hydroge

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO067i041p00789

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY