摘要:

A great deal of digital topographic information and gravity data exist that cover the continental United States. For instance, data sets that can be purchased from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) include (a) elevations averaged over 30 s of latitude and longitude for the coterminus United States and (b) over a half million gravity readings from stations distributed across the entire country, although in an irregular manner. Both the topography and the gravity data sets are fundamental to the understanding of the structure of the crust and lithosphere, and especially to the understanding of the relationships between topography and structure [McGinnis et al.,1979;McNutt,1981; and others].

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00257

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00259-01

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The February joint AGU/ASLO meeting in San Antonio brought together scientists from a wide range of oceanographic and limnological subdisciplines. One of the implicit themes in many of the sessions was the importance of mesoscale processes (space scales: 10–1000 km; time scales: days to a few years) and the interdisciplinary nature of the studies needed to understand them. Several sessions addressed mesoscale phenomena directly; one, organized by John Steel of Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, focused on the relations between biological and physical mesoscale processes. This article is adapted from the introductory talk to Steele's mesoscale session. The talk attempted to give a general pverview of some of the less emphasized connections between physical and biological mesoscale processes and the relationships between them, larger‐ and smaller‐scale phenomena, and the strategies and instrumentation used to study such proc

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00267

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In an appeal for broader government support of the University National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS), Marcus G. Langseth (Eos, 62,690–691, 1981) has noted that ‘other U.S. agencies, such as … U.S. Geological Survey, etc., which occasionally use the UNOLS fleet, buy time as needed and accept little or no responsibility for the health or composition of the fleet.’ Subsequently, he noted that ‘… there is no organized program to use the remarkable capabilities of multichannel seismic sounding in a systematic way to study fundamental problems of the continental margins…’Precisely because the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is not anoccasionaluser of the UNOLS fleet, we would like to support and extend Langseth's appeal to gain broader based government funding to keep more ships afloat in this important national facility. Also because wehavebeen conducting a well‐organized systematic study of the continental margin of the United States, based mainly on state‐of‐the‐art multichannel seismic data, we support his contention that continental margins of the world should be stud

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00271-01

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Scientists designing the oceanographic research component of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), under the auspices of the Committee on Climate Changes and the Ocean (CCCO) and the Joint Scientific Committee (JSC), will meet in Tokyo in May 1982 to begin synthesizing the numerous concepts and proposals, under study or being advocated, into a focused research strategy.The objectives of the conference are to establish the scientific basis for an experimental research strategy and to review, assess, and identify critical experiment components. As would be expected, there are many wellfounded views on this subject, and the conference has, therefore, been structured so that these views can be expressed and debated.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00272-01

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Materials and Minerals Program plan and report that President Reagan sent to Congress on April 5 aims to ‘decrease America's minerals vulnerability’ while reducing future dependence on potentially unstable foreign sources of minerals. These goals would be accomplished by taking inventory of federal lands to determine mineral potential; by meeting the stockpile goals set by the Strategic and Critical Material Stockpiling Act; and by establishing a business and political climate that would encourage private‐sector research and development on minerals.Now that the Administration has issued its plan, the Subcommittee on Mines and Mining of the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs will consider the National Minerals Security Act (NMSA), which was introduced 1 year ago by subcommittee chairman Jim Santini (D‐Nev.) [Eos,May 19, 1981, p. 497]. The bill calls for establishing a three‐member White‐House‐level council to coordinate the development of a national minerals policy; amending tax laws to assist the mining industry to make capital investments to locate and produce strategic materials; and creating a revolving fund for the sale and purchase of strategic minerals. In addition, the NMSA bill would allow the secretary of the interior to make previously withdrawn public lands available for mineral development. The subcommittee will hold a hearing on the Administration's plan on May 11. Interior Secretary James Watt has been invit

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00275-01

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The earth's upper atmosphere is highly dynamic, receiving strong energy inputs both from below in the form of upward propagating waves and from above in the form of electromagnetic and particle radiation from the sun and magnetosphere. Above 100 km the dynamics become increasingly influenced by factors that are of minor importance in the lower atmosphere, in particular by the long mean free paths of particles, which give rise to strong molecular diffusion effects, and by the appearance of an ionized component, which interacts dynamically with the neutral constituents. The study of upper atmospheric dynamics has been motivated by the interesting variety of theoretical problems that arise, as well as by the needs of communications and space applications and by the extensive collection of relevant data from satellites, radars, and optical and geomagnetic observatories.Susumu Kato has been one of the outstanding researchers in the field of upper atmospheric dynamics over the past 3 decades. His book treats a number of topics in areas in that field where he has made major theoretical contributions: acoustic‐gravity waves, atmospheric tides, electrodynamics, and ionospheric dynamo effects. No attempt is made to cover the entire field of upper atmospheric dynamics in this book nor to be exhaustive in the treatment of the selected areas, but the variety of topics treated is nonetheless impressiv

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00279-01

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO063i018p00297

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY