|
1. |
The Newtonian gravitational constant on the feasibility of an oceanic measurement |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 769-780
John A. Hildebrand,
Alan D. Chave,
Fred N. Speiss,
Robert L. Parker,
Mark E. Ander,
Mark A. Zumberge,
Preview
|
PDF (665KB)
|
|
摘要:
The Newtonian gravitational constantGis a fundamental parameter of physics relating the gravitational force to the product of body masses by an inverse square of the separation.Ghas been measured with an accuracy of about 7 parts in 105in individual laboratory experiments [e.g.,Luther and Towler, 1982], but the consistency of all modern laboratory measurements is only about 7 parts in 104(Figure 1), making it one of the most poorly determined physical constants of nature [cf.Cohen and Taylor, 1986;Gillies, 1987]. For the past century, virtually all experiments to measureGhave been conducted on a scale (i.e., separation between test masses) of 50 cm or less, using a modification of the Cavendish balance. In recent years there has been increasing interest in determinations ofGover larger scales than can be achieved in the laboratory. Some theoretical attempts to combine gravity with the other forces of nature predict the existence of a fifth force in addition to the classical gravitational, electromagnetic, weak, and strong forces. The fifth force would produce departures from Newtonian or inverse square law gravity at mass separations of tens of meters to tens of kilometers. Geophysical experiments are uniquely suited to measure the gravitational constant at these scales, and in this paper we outline the advantages of conducting such an experiment in the ocean.
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01045
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
2. |
FROGS (Friends of Granites) Report, summer 1988 |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 770-771
J. J. DeYoreo,
Stephen M. Wickham,
Calvin Miller,
Preview
|
PDF (1795KB)
|
|
摘要:
This is the secondEos‐published FROGS Report. Our purpose is to disseminate information and stimulate thinking concerning felsic magmatism in general and granitoids in particular. We intend to publish semiannually information about events and publications that are relevant to the study of felsic rocks, brief updates on research being done by granitoid researchers, and commentaries on important new and/or controversial themes. FROGS Reports is critically dependent upon response by those with an interest in research on felsic rocks. Please keep me (Calvin Miller, 6028B, Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville TN 37235) informed about upcoming or recent conferences, major publications, etc. Also, send me your suggestions for topics for (and/or volunteer to write) pertinent commentaries for FROGS Report
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01046
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
3. |
Volcanic hazards mitigation: A component of the U.N. International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 771-776
Haraldur Sigurdsson,
Preview
|
PDF (169KB)
|
|
摘要:
Natural hazards present a world problem that transcends political boundaries and often results in large loss of life, economic losses, and other hardships, which are particularly acute in more vulnerable countries of the developing world. It has been estimated that natural disasters have claimed about 3 million lives worldwide in the past two decades, adversely affected the lives of at least 800 million people, and caused immediate damages estimated at $100 billion. Losses due to natural disasters are clearly on the increase, due to rapid population growth and increasing concentration of the growth in vulnerable areas. When a natural disaster strikes, the global community reacts in the form of financial aid and other assistance to the stricken nation. In the last decade, for example, direct annual foreign disaster assistance by the U.S. government has ranged from $100 to $800 million. However, despite the considerable sums involved, international aid to stricken countries rarely exceeds 4% of disaster losses.
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01047
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
4. |
Caltech launches Terrascope |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 772-781
Lisa A. Wainger,
Preview
|
PDF (169KB)
|
|
摘要:
Geophysicists at the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, will get real‐time data about Earth motions with a new advanced seismic network they are installing. The Caltech terrestrial telescope, or “Terrascope,” will ultimately consist of an array of at least 10 broad‐band, high‐dynamic‐range, digital seismometers placed around southern California, linked by satellite telemetry, and serviced by high‐speed computers. In addition to the advanced data‐recording features, each Terrascope station will have receivers for the Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites and will be a permanent part of that geodetic network.Terrascope's seismometers will have a dynamic range about 10,000 times broader than ordinary seismometers, so they will be able to record large and small earthquakes on the same scale. With additional data, geophysicists will be able to determine more about such earthquake characteristics as fault area, energy spectrum, and duration of
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01056
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
5. |
Experimental Fluvial Geomorphology |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 773-773
Richard F. Hadley,
Preview
|
PDF (301KB)
|
|
摘要:
This book brings together in one volume the results of experimental studies, begun in 1969, of drainage basin evolution and hydrology, river channel and valley morphology and behavior, and alluvial fan morphology and sedimentology. These studies were conducted at the Engineering Research Center of Colorado State University, Fort Collins, by the authors and their colleagues. Some of the results have been published previously in the scientific literature, but much of the work remained unpublished prior to the preparation of this book. The contents are organized in three parts: drainage basins, rivers and valleys, and alluvial fans and sedimentary deposits, each of which deals with morphology and dynamics as observed in experimental studies with applications to analogous prototypes in natural systems.
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01058
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
6. |
Reply [to “Lake Nyos Dam”] |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 776-777
John P. Lockwood,
Preview
|
PDF (3111KB)
|
|
摘要:
The Lake Nyos natural d am consists largely of unconsolidated pyroclastic surge deposits emplaced during the formation of Nyos maar [Lockwood et al., 1987]. The emplacement age of the d am is critical for an evaluation of this flood hazard to northwestern Cameroon and eastern Nigeria, and for preparation of mitigation strategies. Carbonized wood from the base of the d am has been dated at 5000 and 400 years B.P. byLockwood and Rubin[1988]. Because of the lack of weathering or of significant erosion of the associated pyroclastic deposits around Lake Nyos we suggested that the youngest radiocarbon age (0.4 kyr) best dated the formation of the Nyos maar and present dam. The 5‐kyr date was obtained on water‐worn material in stream deposits beneath the pyroclastic section; we suggested that this sample was contaminated by radiogenically “dead
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO069i032p00776-02
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
7. |
Mafic inclusions in granites |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 777-777
Anonymous,
Preview
|
PDF (1474KB)
|
|
摘要:
There will be a special session on Mafic Inclusions in Granites at the 1988 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco. The session, called to commemorate the 60th anniversary of Adolph Pabst's classic work,Observations on Inclusions in the Granitic Rocks of the Sierra Nevada, will examine the different types of mafic inclusions in granite with particular emphasis on their significance and origin. Contributions are encouraged on a broad range of topics pertaining to mafic inclusions in granites, including isotopic, experimental, geochemical, petrological, and field studies of inclusions in volcanic and plutonic rocks.Persons interested in making oral or poster presentations should contact the convenors, Robert S. Hildebrand, Geological Survey of Canada, 588 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E4 Canada or Wayne N. Sawka, Lawrence Livermore Laboratories L‐201, PO Box 808, Livermore, CA 9455
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO069i032p00777-03
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
8. |
Arctic Environmental Data Workshop |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 778-778
Thomas Laughlin,
Preview
|
PDF (130KB)
|
|
摘要:
Under the auspices of the Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) cosponsored a 4‐day workshop on the question of how to establish an Arctic environmental data system. The meeting was held in Boulder, Colo., March 21–24, 1988. Approximately 60 individuals from Canadian and U.S. governmental agencies and universities attended the workshop.The first part of the meeting was devoted to presentations describing various government and nongovernment Arctic data holdings and systems. This was followed by 2 days of intensive discussion in four subgroups devoted to the following topics:how to create an on‐line and hard copy Arctic environmental data directoryidentification of next steps which interested organizations can and should take to create an Arctic data systemtechnological problems and solutions associated with the development of a data systemidentification of key Arctic environmental parameters which should be montiored for the purpose of studying global and Arctic mesoscale
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/88EO01060
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
9. |
Job center |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 779-779
Anonymous,
Preview
|
PDF (129KB)
|
|
摘要:
To better meet the needs of AGU members, a program has been started to increase the effectiveness of the Job Center activity at the Spring and Fall Meetings. As a result, participation in the Job Center at the 1988 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore increased substantially compared to previous Spring Meetings. The number of employers, applicants, and interviews scheduled more than doubled compared to the 1987 Spring Job Center.In order to make the meeting Job Centers even better, a survey is being conducted of employers and applicants who participated in the 1988 Spring Job Center. Evaluation of this survey will be useful in continuing increased participation in and the effectiveness of the Job Center at the 1988 Fall Meeting. Past participants and those interested in the future of the Job Center are encouraged to forward comments and suggestions to AGU, Member Programs Division, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009.
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO069i032p00779-01
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
10. |
Phobos research proposals sought |
|
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union,
Volume 69,
Issue 32,
1988,
Page 781-781
Anonymous,
Preview
|
PDF (308KB)
|
|
摘要:
Four more U.S. scientists will be selected to participate in the U.S.S.R.'s Phobos mission. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is seeking proposals for research to be conducted in conjunction with the Soviet mission. Scientists from U.S. institutions who have an established specialty in Phobos or in processes believed to operate on Phobos are invited to submit research proposals. Awards of $30,000–$40,000 will be made annually; support is expected to be available for 3 year
ISSN:0002-8606
DOI:10.1029/EO069i032p00781-02
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
|