摘要:

On December 14, 1989, Redoubt Volcano, in south‐central Alaska, erupted after 23 years of quiescence. Volcanic ash and floods generated by the eruption have caused significant damage to aircraft and temporarily curtailed oil production in Cook Inlet. The long‐term effects of continued volcanic activity could be severe on the local economy. The two preliminary reports that follow, “The Eruption and Its Hazards” below and “Volcanic Ash and Aircraft” on the next page, describe the volcanic activity and some of the hazards of the first 6 weeks of the on‐g

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO071i007p00265-02

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The early phreatomagmatic and magmatic explosive activity of Redoubt Volcano, December 14–16, 1989, produced several ashladen eruption columns that caused significant damage to jet aircraft.The major aircraft‐ash incident occurred December 15 at 1150 AST, when a KLM Boeing 747 jet aircraft, enroute from Amsterdam to Anchorage with 231 passengers and 14 crew members, flew through an ash plume east of Talkeetna, Alaska, at an altitude of 7.5 km and experienced sudden shutdown of all four engines. For 12 minutes the jet glided steeply from 7.5 km to 3.5 km before the crew managed to restart the engines after seven or eight tries. The plane came within about 1500 m of the mountain tops before landing safely at Anchorage International Airp

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/90EO00046

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Science Foundation has released its Fiscal Year 1990 Current Plan, making expected cuts in some of the activities it supports. These cuts come on the heels of the reduction of grant and cooperative agreement increments by 2% from their originally committed amounts.NSF started with the budget request for FY 1990, subtracted the amounts cut by Congress, Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings sequestration, and the across‐the‐board reductions for the war on drugs, and then calculated an overall funding increase of 8% over FY 1989. Funding for research and related activities was “particularly hard hit,” NSF said, and will increase by only 5%. The increase is 6% when the amount for academic research facilities is included. (That amount would have been lower had not money been reallocated into academic research facilities that was to have been used to build 10–12 new science and techno

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO071i007p00267-01

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

When the New Zealand Geological Society held its annual meeting in November 1988 in Hamilton, they scheduled a major symposium,Palaeomagnetism and Its Applications in the New Zealand Region. That interest and enthusiasm for paleomagnetic research in New Zealand has reached such a level is a tribute to those who, over the past 30 years, have built expertise and developed our facilities to international standards.In 1957 Colin Bull became the first geophysicist appointed to the physics department at Victoria University, in Wellington. He brought with him from the United Kingdom a magnet assembly that was incorporated into an astatic magnetometer byJim Gellen[1959] as part of his Master's degree project.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/90EO00056

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Kenneth L. Verosub of the geology department at the University of California, Davis, received a Fulbright grant to do paleomagnetic research in France during the 1989–1990 academic year. In collaboration with French researchers at the Université de Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier, he is studying reversals of Earth's magnetic field recorded in lake and marine sediments in France and Ita

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO071i007p00269-02

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The mechanical description of granular‐fluid flow is one of the last frontiers of classical mechanics that remains largely unexplored but has broad application. Geophysical examples of granular‐fluid flow include avalanches, rock slides, debris flows, aeolian, fluvial, and coastal sediment transport, and ice floes. Some examples of industrial problems are the transport of toner in photocopy machines, pellet‐based cooling systems for nuclear reactors, and the material handling of many granular products. Granular‐fluid flows exhibit a rich variety of physical interactions, as simplistically characterized in the qualitative

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/90EO00058

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An archive of Poker Flat Mesosphere, Stratosphere and Troposphere (MST) radar observations has recently been completed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Aeronomy Laboratory in Boulder, Colo. The Poker Flat MST radar was one of the first wind‐profiling Doppler radars. Construction began in 1978 near Fairbanks, Alaska, with the support of the National Science Foundation, and the radar was in routine operation from early 1979–1985.The archive includes observations of vertical and horizontal velocities, Doppler spectral width of horizontal and vertical motions, and signal strength. The observations are essentially continuous in time and cover an altitude range of about 5–30 km and 55–95 km, depending on season and time of day. In preparing the archive, data were carefully checked for consistency, and a special effort was made to optimize the retrieval of data from altitudes with low signal‐to‐

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO071i007p00276-01

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awarded a contract to Cray Research, Inc., Beltsville, Md., for two supercomputers. The systems will improve capability, on an interim basis, at NOAA's National Meteorological Center near Washington, D.C., and at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory in Princeton, N.J.The award to Cray was for $10.7 million this year, with a total contract life cost over 5 years of $66.1 million. Negotiations resulted in a savings to the government of about $14.6 million, over the contract life, including options.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/EO071i007p00277

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY