摘要:

Cloud cover over the Earth is measurable using several techniques, including a trained observer, some automated ground‐based system, or an aircraft or a space platform. These three views of the three‐dimensional cloud scene differ in a number of ways. The surface‐observing system is generally fairly close to the clouds (1000 km). The complementary nature of the bird's eye and worm's eye views of a multilayered cloud scene and the distinct and complementary advantages of high‐quality cloud texture/type retrieval from the surface and aircraft and excellent spatial and temporal coverage by satellites have prompted proposals for cloud climatologies combining conventional and satellite retrievals. This requires careful study of the nature of conventional (surface‐based) cloud observation

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/88EO01011

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This is a scientific story without an explanation, called a “mystery” and an “enigma” in articles by the people who discovered it. Confounded by evidence they cannot explain by natural processes, these scientists implicate human beings.One month ago inEos, (June 7, 1988, p. 633), Wallace Broecker and Scott Stine reported abnormally high levels of radiogenic14C in California's Mono Lake, now a National Historic Site. The only logical explanation, they proposed, is that someone secretly dumped a total of about 20 curies of14C into the lake in two doses, sometime between 1952 and 1958 and again between 1966 and 1977. Broecker and Stine, geologists at Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory in Palisades, N.Y., called on readers for information on the source

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/88EO01012

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Low rainfall and higher than normal temperatures continue across much of the nation. Since the end of January, 35 states have developed extreme drought conditions, according to scientists of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration who gave a news briefing June 29.Historical data back to the 1920s show that the first preceding period comparable to this drought in severity and total area affected was in 1936, said Donald Gilman, chief of the Prediction Branch at the National Weather Service's Climate Analysis Center (CAC) in Silver Spring, Md. In 1934, the classic “dustbowl summer,” a larger area had severe drought conditi

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/88EO01013

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The AGU panel appointed in December (Eos, 1987, p. 1647) to recommend an official Union position on the congressional practices of earmarking and fencing reported to the Council in May at the AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore. (Earmarking is voting funds for a particular research facility; fencing is protecting money for a specific program.) The Council approved the position statement on earmarking given below. It is expected that a position on fencing will be considered when the Council meets in December at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/88EO01014

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY