摘要:

James Bernard Macelwane, S.J., was born on September 28, 1883, on the northern shore of Smdusky Bay near Port Clinton, Ohio. He was the second oldest of nine children, five boys and four girls. He received his early education at a public school about a mile and one‐half from his home. From 1901–1903 he attended the high school Stint John's College in Toledo, Ohio. On August 31, 1903, he joined the Jesuit Order.After two years of study and ascetical life as a service, he took the religious vows as a Jesuit on September 8, 1905. Thereafter he followed the course of studies required of Jesuits who are being trained for the priesthood. Except for some years of teaching, he gave his attention to ancient and modern languages, literature, and history, to the natural sciences and mathematics, to philosophy and psychology, and to dogmatic, moral, and ascetical theology. These years of study culmi‐nated in ordination to the Catholic priesthood in

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00135

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A Fourier series analysis of the motion of the Earth's rotation axis in the frequency range 0.74 to 1.14 cycles per year, containing 9pct of the total power in the motion, shows: (1) an annual line without recognizable structure comprising about 2pct of the power in the region examined; (2) the Chandler component comprising about 7pct of the power, with band structure somewhat broader than heretofore recognized, leading to a value 9.5 yr for the amplitude decay time; (3) an annual component of excitation in agreement with previous determinations, equivalent to a root‐mean‐square displacement of the axis of inertial symmetry of 0.023″ of arc; (4) a continuous spectrum of excitation which is well determined in the Chandler region, at least roughly determined at other frequencies below annual, but not determined above the annual frequency. The magnitude of the continuous spectrum below annual frequency is consistent with the hypothesis that it, in association with the annual line, arises in the atmosphere, but lack of a determined spectrum at higher frequencies prevents examination of side‐band s

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00137

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A program of pendulum and gravimeter measurements for the establishment of a gravity standard between Mexico and Alaska is described. The problems involved in obtaining precise measurements with pendulums are discussed, values for three independent sets of pendulum measurements and gravimeter measurements are compared.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00143

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A study has been made of the magnetization of some upper‐Miocene sediments of California. Field evidence and laboratory experiments indicate that the main component of magnetization of these sediments was not acquired by alignment of detrital magnetic grains at the time of deposition, nor is it due to a later isothermal magnetization of these grains. A strong and stable magnetization appears to have developed through post‐depositional and, in some cases, post‐deiorrnational growth of crystalline magnetic mineralsin

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00156

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Low‐level wind profiles measured during Project Great Plains were used in the determination ofz0, the roughness parameter, and β, the parameter related to profile curvature in Deacon's formula. Anemometers were geometrically spaced at five levels between 40 and 640 cm. The zo values, one for each observation period, found from the four lowest anemometers exceeded the ZQ values found from the four highest anemometers. The p values computed from the highest anemometers departed more from unity than did the p values computed from the lowest set. Since the apparent variability of p with height may be due entirely to the variability ofz0, another analysis was conducted with thez0value fixed for all levels and all hours of an observation period. Although the β variation was reduced by this technique, the departure of β from unity continued to increase with height.Since the Calder‐Deacon solutions of equations of diffusion from continuous point and infinite line sources are functions of β andz0 the effects of the height variation of β andz0on predictions of ground‐level concentration were examined. The effects were found to be significant. When for each observation period, β was plotted against a modified form of the Richardson Number, the fitted curves did not coincide. There are indications that during inversion conditions the greatest departures from β = 1 occurred on nights characterized by the presence of a well‐defined low‐le

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00168

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The vertical distribution of radon decay products in the lower atmosphere has been measured during airplane flights, using both negative‐wire and precipitator methods of sample collection. Data taken by the wire method show a very gradual decrease in activity with height, with considerable activity found to exist at 16,000 ft (msl). The precipitator results indicate an approximately linear decrease with altitude, with no appreciable activity found in samples collected by this method above about 11,000 ft. Measurements made at four ground stations in the altitude interval 4620 to 10,297 ft gave similar results. The mean value for the coefficient of eddy diffusion in the atmosphere calculated from the precipitator data was 7 ± 4 m2/sec for the plane flights and 11 ± 7 m2/sec for the ground stati

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00177

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to present the author's method of solving a nonlinear differential equation given by R. Ruckli expressing the rate of frost penetration in soil. There is no standard method of solution of such a differential equation as set up by Ruckli, yet the method of solution of the non‐linear differential equation, not given by Ruckli, is considered to be of great interest to the engineering profession in treating frost‐penetration problems in highway and airport engineering.The author's method of solution of Ruckli's equation for the frost‐penetration rate consists of the application and use of power series and the determination of the coefficients involved, thus showing how to arrive at the integral which Ruckli presents as the end result of his nonlinear differential equation. The author's thought behind the showing of the method of solution of the equation is not merely to demonstrate the application of so powerful a mathematical tool as the power series for solving engineering problems. According to his belief, it also helps one better to understand the phenomena, nature, and physical processes conveyed by this equation, it enables one better to analyze the problem involved, and establishes in the reader a certain confidence when applying the end result (integral) of Ruckli's equation. In addition, the presentation of this article naturally calls attention to the important work done by R

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00181

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Darcy equation is derived in general form for non‐isotropic porous media from Newton's basic laws of motion and viscosity. The necessary and sufficient additional postulates are: (1) inertia forces of the system are negligible, (2) the liquid films are continuous, and (3) that a volume element of the fluid‐porous medium system can be selected which is small compared to the gross dimension of the system yet large enough that the surface area of the matrix therein can be considered to be uniformly distributed throughout the Tolame element. The equation is shown to be valid for all saturated and non‐saturated porous media systems which satisfy these postu

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00185

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of field experiments with ring‐type infiltrometers are reported. Infiltration rates obtained with the rings were compared to the infiltration rates obtained by flooding the entire area to determine the number of ring measurements required to characterize the infiltration rate of the area. It was found on a uniform soil profile having no layers restricting the downward movement of water that six infiltrometers gave an average figure that was within 3pct of the true mean. The single‐ring infiltrometers were compared with the doublering infiltrometers. There was no significant difference in the results obtained with the two types of infiltrometers on a uniform soil under the conditions of the te

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00189

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The present review contains Durov's method of classifying natural waters on the basis of ionic composition. The chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation in USSR is also presented.

ISSN:0002-8606    

DOI:10.1029/TR037i002p00193

年代:1956

数据来源: WILEY