摘要:

In a replication and extension of previous studies of concept formation, complex geometrical patterns were used to signal luck and bad luck at a wheel of fortune. Learning the concept in this setting meant learning the difference between ‘good.’ and ‘bad.’ patterns. Once more, a ‘pre‐functional’ stage of concept formation was identified. This stage has been observed (and replicated) only under a narrow range of conditions. Thus, it was not found when the reward schedule went contrary to expectations. The most important novel finding is a clearly detrimental effect of a pre‐experimental request to verbalize the difference upon post‐experimental sorting of pregnant verbal descriptions of ‘good.’ and ‘bad

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01054.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An attempt was made to explore the effects of an extra intention to verbalize the concept upon subsequent conceptual achievements. Subjects who anticipated being rehearsed about the difference between good and bad wheel‐of‐fortune patterns had a successively poorer performance at sorting verbal descriptions of the difference, as their ability to sort actual stimulus patterns into appropriate conceptual categories impro

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01055.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Indices of the discriminatory power of items, based on the differences in performances of groups, can be influenced by the degree of factorial mixture with respect to such groups. An illustrative example is presented, using hypothetical data. Items, normally rejected on the basis of such discriminatory tests, may be of value for predictive purposes. An empirical example of such a use is offered.

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01056.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The first part of the paper discusses theoretical issues regarding the problem of measurement in psychophysics and the suitable choice of a subjective scale, with special reference to the views of Ekman, Ross, Suppes&Zinnes, and Treisman. The theory of the GPDE is discussed more fully than before. In the second part, further empirical confirmation of the GPDE is given for the following combinations of Weber functions: constant‐constant, linear‐linear, linear‐parabolic, parabolic‐pa

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01057.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Precognitive perception of photographic portraits was studied with the meta‐contrast technique. The portraits were presented for successively increasing exposure times immediately before another stimulus with a constant, relatively long exposure time. The faces were masked, and their effect had therefore to be recorded in the form of impressions of modifications in the stimulus object appearing later. The effect was most evident at the beginning and end of the exposure seri

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01058.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A wire mesh was used as stimulus object in the old ‘wall‐paper experiment’. Fixating a small object on the near side of the wire mesh, the mesh appears of course double. By adjusting the fixation object back and forth a position can be reached at which fusion of the double image is obtained. At this moment the wire mesh appears to shift location. A nearly perfect one‐to‐one correspondence obtained between the perceived distance of the ‘fused.’ wire mesh and the actual convergence distance. It is concluded that the convergence mechanism may provide perfectly specific information to the visual system concerning the spatial locati

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01059.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Measurements of adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion during inactivity and stress, and ratings of 22 personality variables were obtained for 110 subjects. Six factors were extracted by a factor analysis. Two of the factors were associated with personality variables, three primarily with catecholamines, and one with both types of variables. The ‘mixed.’ factor was tentatively interpreted as indicating that individuals with depressive tendencies respond to stressors with a relatively smaller rise in adrenaline excretion. This finding is in line with current theories concerning the role of catecholamines in affective psycho

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01060.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two experiments were performed with an apparatus simulating night driving conditions in order to study the effect of smoking on detection time and redetection time after glare. In the experimental sessions the subjects smoked two standard cigarettes during 15 min. There were no significant differences in results between these sessions and the control sessions without smoking. The conclusion is that the effect of tobacco smoking on the ability to detect objects on the road is from a practical point of view negligible.

ISSN:0036-5564    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9450.1965.tb01061.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY