ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02065.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02066.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02067.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the oral health knowledge and reported practices of sixth grade students in Wichita, Kansas. A quasi‐experimental design was used to test differences between two groups: (1) children who had completed a four‐year regimen referred to as the National Preventive Dentistry Demonstration Program (NPDDP), and (2) a control group of children who had not been exposed to any aspect of the NPDDP. Based on incidental learning theory, the research question was whether or not students'knowledge and practices were consistent with the preventive regimes provided at school. The study reported here was not directly connected with the NPDDP.A school nurse‐administered questionnaire was obtained from 284 students 16 months after the NPDDP had terminated. Students in all groups reported similar dental health practices; no practical differences were found among groups with regard to knowledge about appropriate fluoride uses and benefits. Students who received sealants were somewhat more knowledgeable about the use and purpose of sealants. Although students in five of the six NPDDP groups had received preventive regimens, these data suggest that they lacked awareness and understanding of the procedures and their value in preventing oral diseases. Generally, students were unable to discriminate among methods appropriate for preventing dental caries and periodontal diseases. Education regarding the purpose and value of preventive regimens should be consistent with, and an integral part of, the delivery of such ser

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02068.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn March 1988 all Amsterdam dentists (N=470) were sent a questionnaire to assess the extent of compliance with guidelines from the Health Council to prevent HIV transmission in dental practice. Response rate was 62 percent. Gloves, masks, and other protective garments were widely used. Other infection control procedures, like sterilizing instruments, were often not followed in ways recommended by the Health Council. To date, 60 percent of the respondents did not spend more than US$2,500 for protective garments or special equipment. Planned expenditure is substantially higher. One‐quarter of the respondents were certain to have one or more HIV‐seropositive patients, and 35 percent believed they did. When taking the medical history, almost one‐third of the dentists ask questions to assess whether a patient is possibly HIV seropositive. Forty percent of the dentists hold the opinion that it is necessary for a dentist to know whether a patient is HIV seropositive. This is against Health Council views. Thirty percent of the respondents are definitely fearful of AIDS infection and want additional information or training on this

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Saskatchewan Health Dental Plan (SHDP) is a publicly funded dental insurance program for children between the ages of five and 16 years residing in the province. In 1981, fissure sealants were added as a covered expense. Until September 1, 1987, sealants and other dental treatments covered under the SHDP were provided to schoolchildren by dental therapists in dental clinics established in elementary schools throughout the province. After September 1, 1987, the provision of dental services was transferred to private practitioners in the province. The objectives of this study were to (1) estimate the retention rates of sealants after one, two, and three years of placement; and (2) conduct a longitudinal followup of sealed and unsealed sound teeth to measure the effectiveness of sealants in reducing dental caries incidence. Relative to the first objective, a cohort of children was identified and comparisons were carried out for the periods of 1982–83, 1982–84, and 1982–85. For the last objective, a longitudinal evaluation of effectiveness was carried out only for children five to seven years of age in 1981. Saskatchewan children, who experienced higher caries prevalence than children in the United States, had the highest caries increments on occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth. About 79 percent of the sealants applied by dental therapists were retained three years after application. Sealed teeth experienced 46 percent less caries than unsealed teeth four years after the application of sealants. The findings from this analysis indicate that the dental therapists successfully applied sealants with retention rates similar to those reported in the literature, and the sealants were effective in reducing dental caries incidence in children. Sealants saved at least 10.4 surfaces per 100 permanent occlusal surfaces from becoming either decayed or filled within a period of four

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCost‐effectiveness analysis is a technique applied with increasing frequency to help make rational decisions in health care resource allocation. This article reviews the ten general principles of cost‐effectiveness analysis outlined by the Office of Technology Assessment of the US Congress and describes a model for such analyses used widely in medicine, but only recently applied in dentistry. The imperative for the formulation of the best current information on both the effectiveness of dental practices and their costs is made more urgent because of the now universally recognized belief that resources available to meet the demands for health care are limited. Today's environment requires critical allocation decisions within categorical health problems, across diseases, or relative to other health problems. If important health benefits or cost savings are to be realized, then these analytic approaches must become widely understood, accepted, and appropriately applied by key decision makers in the dental health sec

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1989.tb02074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY