ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02677.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany studies have focused on the disabilities and behavior of the elderly population in an attempt to explain the frequent reports of poor oral health among residents of long‐term care (LTC) facilities, but little attention has been given to the experiences and opinions of dentists relating to the problem. This study was conducted to discover how dentists feel about older patients and about working in LTC facilities. A response to a questionnaire was obtained from 334 (55%) of the 603 dentists in Vancouver who treated adults. The responses were subjected to bivariate and multivariate analyses. Three models were constructed from factors that might interest a dentist in attending a patient in a facility; the factors in each model were ranked in order of importance. Interest was associated significantly with lack of concern for time lost in practice, with training in managing medically compromised patients, and with a positive attitude toward elderly patients. Dentists with fewer years in practice were attracted by the economic potential of the service, while the older and busier dentists were less involved because of the disruption to their practice and leisure. Dentists who made home visits also were more likely to be interested. The model based on professional considerations was superior to either the social or economic model in explaining an interest in the servic

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02678.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cross‐sectional study was conducted of the oral health status of a random sample of community dwelling elders, aged 70 and older, living within the six New England states. Four examining teams, each composed of a trained and calibrated dentist and a field technician, collected data during an in‐home oral examination. The prevalence of carious, filled, recurrent decayed, and non‐ carious but failed restored coronal surfaces was recorded. For the 1,151 respondents, the mean DFT was 6.16 (SD = 6.96) and the mean DFS was 18.83 (SD/23.37), with 37.6 percent of the sample edentulous. Eleven percent of the population had 70 percent of the coronal decay. Males (OR/2.2, CL/1.3–3.8) and elders with less education (OR/1.8, CL=1.0–3.0) were at higher risk for three or more surfaces of coronal decay. Recurrent decay was present in 16 percent of the dentate population. However, more noncarious but failed restored coronal surfaces (332) were recorded in the population of New England elders than were surfaces of recurrent decay (234). The New England elders have higher rates of decay than New England children, although the rates matched those of previous national studies. The findings signal a need to develop targeted preventive regimens for older adults and greater understanding of dental treatment needs

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe changing oral health status of older adults has focused attention on the need to broaden oral health promotion and prevention activities for this group. The Oral Health Working Group of the US Surgeon General's Workshop: Health Promotion and Aging recently reported that more activities are needed in education and service for older adults—areas that fall within the purview of state and local health agencies. Although dental public health programs for older adults have received more attention, the current breadth and variety of state dental health activities for older adults is unknown. This telephone survey of state dental health departments found that among the 10 states with the largest older adult populations, five were providing oral health programs for the elderly. The 30 states reporting the existence of oral health programs for the elderly account for 58 percent of the total US elderly population. Oral health activities were quite varied, with the majority of states focusing on institutionalized patients and their care givers. Respondents reported that access to dental consultants with gerontological training and information on model oral health programs for older adults would assist program development. Public health agencies play a significant role in improving the quality of life for the nation's elderly. Dental public health programs clearly have demonstrated the ability to improve health prevention and health promotion among younger populations. It is crucial to utilize these skills to begin to enhance the oral health and quality of life of older adults, as wel

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that dental utilization by older people is lower than for the general population. This study hypothesizes that an elder's tendency toward participating in preventive health activities may be an important factor in explaining the likelihood of accessing the dentist. Subjects included 1,911 older individuals who enrolled in the UCLA Medicare Screening and Health Promotion Trial. All were interviewed about their utilization of preventive health services and participation in preventive behaviors. A recent dental visit was positively associated with all sociodemographic variables examined except age and sex. It was also related to health status questions and utilization of the preventive health services and health behaviors studied. Logistic regression analysis showed that both summary preventive health behavior and preventive service utilization variables were important factors in explaining a recent dental visit (model chi‐square/221.4, P=.001) along with income, not having a removable prosthesis, and perceiving the need for dental care. This study showed that dental utilization is related to older people's participation in other preventive activities. When in contact with older people, health care professionals should consider current oral and general preventive health status and encourage appropriate referral for preventive activitie

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) mandates the use of brightly colored, intraoral mouth‐ guards by football players to reduce the frequency and severity of craniofacial and intraoral morbidity and mortality, and to enhance the ability of officials to observe player compliance. The purpose of this 12‐question mail survey was to determine the attitudes of on‐Held game officials regarding current NCAA mouthguard regulations and patterns of utilization by college football players. The sample consisted of all 50 Big East Football Conference officials; a response rate of 100 percent was achieved. Only 42 percent of the officials reported observing all players in compliance, and quarterbacks were identified by others as the least compliant group (52%). The majority (88%) indicated that the 1990 rule for brightly colored mouthguards had been beneficial to them in determining player compliance, and 52 percent reported that this rule had resulted in more frequent use by these athletes. Nearly all officials (96%) indicated that they would issue a warning for noncompliance to the player or coach, rather than charging a timeout for a violation as prescribed by NCAA regulations. The majority (70%) believe current enforcement is appropriate, but expressed the opinion that coaches should be held more accountable for player compl

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn April 1991, an oral health situation analysis team comprising oral health professionals from the Alaska Area Native Health Service, the World Health Organization, and the Moscow Medical Stomatological Institute visited the Magadan region of the Soviet Far East at the request of the Ministries of Health of both the Russian Republic and the then‐Soviet Union. As few oral health data had been available specific to the Magadan region, the purpose of the trip was to gather data concerning oral diseases epidemiology, demography, and health systems of the communities of Magadan, Seymchan, and Provideniya as the basis for recommendations and plan development. The data were collected using standard WHO methodology. The analysis team examined children in the age cohorts of 3–5, 6–7, 12, and 15 years. In addition, adults aged 35–44 and 65–74 years were examined in Magadan and Seymchan. Both caries and periodontal rates are high, with a rate of 4.3 DMFT among 12‐year‐olds in the total region, but up to 5.4 DMFT in one location. Specific findings and recommendations have been forwarded to local community and health officials. The project is ongoing, and plans are underway to provide continuing assistance in designing and implementing an effective program for the prevention and treatment of

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAs a public health agency, the Indian Health Service (IHS) must plan for the needs of the entire American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) population and distribute resources as equitably as possible. To facilitate this process, the IHS has developed a manpower planning model to provide for the distribution of dental providers based upon the dental needs of the AI/AN population and within the limits of annual appropriations of funds. This paper briefly describes the original IHS Dental Program manpower planning model and the development of modifications over time. The need‐based approach to manpower planning developed by the IHS Dental Program has exhibited utility and flexibility over time. It allows a determination of clinic size (number of operatories) and dental staffing requirements, and may be generalizable to other public health programs if an accurate assessment of utilization rate and treatment need can be made for the defined population. Nonetheless, the availability of resources in public programs is subject to the compromises inherent in the political process; thus, the use of a manpower planning model alone may not be sufficient to ensure the equitable distribution of dental resources and dental provider

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1993.tb02686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY