ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03180.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03181.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA survey was conducted to identify and compare sealant knowledge and sources of sealant information of parents whose children had and had not received fissure sealants. The socioeconomic characteristics of these individuals were also compared. The sealant group was composed of the parents of children found to have a sealant on at least one permanent tooth during dental examinations of 2,036 elementary schoolchildren in southwestern Michigan. Another group of children was selected from the same population and matched to the children with sealants by child's age, sex, school location, and community. Surveys were returned by 210 of 260 sets of parents (81% response rate). Significant differences were found between the two groups with regard to parents' ages and levels of income. Parents of children with sealants had more correct information about the procedure and 74 percent of these individuals reported that the dental office was their primary source of information. For the group without sealants, 48 percent of respondents reported no source of sealant information. Findings suggest that dental personnel may strongly influence dissemination of information about sealants and utilization of this preventive procedure.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPractitioner acceptance of pit and fissure sealants has been slow. To assess the factors that relate to the dentist's decision to use or not to use sealants, a comprehensive survey of 3,504 general dentists and 591 pediatric dentists was undertaken. Response rate to the mailed questionnaire was 37.6 percent (n = 1, 193) for general dentists and 61.2 percent (n = 329) for pediatric dentists. Items were grouped into ten scales believed to portray major variables associated with level of sealant use. Level of use, measured as an estimated percent of child patients receiving sealants, served as the dependent variable. A stepwise multiple regression was used to study the relationship between the scales and estimated level of use. Overall, the preventive orientation, opinion, and patient influence scales contributed the most to the explanation of the estimated level of use. These scales, for both general dentists and pediatric dentists, had the strongest simple correlations with sealant use and they also were the three scales that showed up most consistently as the prime scales in the multiple regression analyses. These results suggested that efforts aimed at encouraging a preventive philosophy and improving patient and practitioner opinion and knowledge about sealants should be undertaken.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was conducted in the summer of 1985 to assess the oral health status, knowledge, and practices of an Amish population in southwest Michigan. Dental caries experience, periodontal health, and oral hygiene status were recorded using decayed, missing, and filled surfaces (DMFS), periodontal index (PI), and simplified oral hygiene index (OHI‐S). Data on oral health knowledge and practices were collected by interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results showed significantly lower levels of disease among Amish. DMFS scores for 5–17‐year‐old Amish children were almost half that of the US general population (NIDR 1979–80). PI score of all ages combined was 2.0, which was 3.6 times lower than a national sample (1971–74). Lower levels of disease in Amish could be related to their way of life and dietary patterns. A relatively higher level of unmet need for prosthodontic care, inadequate oral health knowledge, and barriers to dental care in the study population emphasize the need for dental public health and health educati

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNational health organizations have issued guidelines for barrier control techniques against infectious diseases and for inoculation against hepatitis B. This study surveys the policies of local health agencies regarding the safeguards used in protecting their employees. Local health agencies (N = 201) operating independently of state health departments were mailed questionnaires seeking information regarding glove, mask, and eyewear policies, as well as hepatitis B vaccine policies for new and current employees. Of the 156 programs returning the survey, 127 (76.6%) reported having a clinical component.Many agencies did not require infection control policies to be implemented for every patient. Agencies that had dental directors who have held their positions for fewer than four years were more likely to have requirements for gloves and masks than agencies run by directors with longer tenure. Those agencies that provided dental treatment to inmates at correctional institutions were also more likely to require infection control policies. The data indicate policy inconsistencies among local dental health programs nationwide. Of considerable concern is the fact that infection control was not identified as a priority for the near future. Many local health agencies would benefit from further education in infection control.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn clinical decision making, dentists routinely choose between alternative treatments such as crown vs amalgam/composite buildup, root canal vs extraction, fixed bridge vs removable partial denture, and prophylaxis vs subgingival curettage or periodontal scaling. A number of technical and patient factors can influence dentists' choice of treatment in these situations; however, little is known about their relative importance. To address this issue, a list of technical (e.g., periodontal status and caries rate) and patient (e.g., cost and patient preference) factors possibly influencing choice of treatment was developed for each pair of services. Responding to a mail questionnaire, 156 general dentists in Washington State listed the top three factors influencing their choice of service in each pair. Results revealed that dentists took different factors into account in choosing among alternative treatments. Technical factors dominated over patient concerns; only about 33 percent of the dentists considered patient factors important in choosing alternative therapies. The latter group was less preventively oriented, were solo practitioners, worked longer hours, and had lower prices. Results suggest patients may have little influence on prescriptions of therapy among experienced general dentists.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProject HOPE has been working with the Honduran government since 1983 to establish educational programs for health workers and improve the country's health care services. The Ministry of Health in Honduras, under the direction of the president, is planning a new emphasis on preventive dentistry. The feasibility of community water fluoridation is being examined, and dental health programs have been implemented in pilot schools around the country. The Ministry of Health plans to expand these pilot programs to include all elementary schools in Honduras. This article describes the dental health services in Honduras and the government's effort to establish a nationwide school dental health program with emphasis on preventive dentistry.

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMuch attention is being focused upon the issue of mercury exposure from dental amalgam restorations and the potential for adverse health effects. This controversy has grown beyond the confines of the dental profession itself and is becoming an emotional public health issue. In hope of regaining good health, many dental patients with chronic systemic diseases are considering replacement of their amalgams. Dentists are increasingly being challenged to prove the safety of amalgams. Recently, systematic methods have been established for quantitative evaluation of environmental risks. This study brings together the quantitative methodologies of risk assessment and the knowledge of mercury exposure from dental amalgams to estimate the safety of dental amalgam restorative therapy. Analysis concludes that the margin of safety for mercury toxicity in humans from dental amalgams is approximately 8‐to 30‐fold. There are many uncertainties involved in this estimate, and further studies are warranted to improve its precis

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1988.tb03189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY