ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis two‐part methodologic research was designed to evaluate the effects of a financial incentive on questionnaire response rate and response bias for general dentists surveyed by mail. Subjects were 517 clinicians randomly selected from a two‐state population of practitioners insured by a single malpractice liability carrier. Subjects received a check for either $5 or $10 in the original mailing. In Study 1, a single mailing and postcard follow‐up resulted in a 57.8 percent (111/192) response rate. In Study 2, employing Dillman's Total Design Method, a 69.6 percent (208/299) response was obtained after a third mailing. Analysis of response rate by incentive level in each study revealed no significant differences. In contrast, early responders (first mailing and follow‐up postcard) differed from late responders (second and third mailings) on age (41.4 vs 37.0 years; T=‐2.17; P=.032), non‐Caucasians (27.7% vs 63.9%; χ2=17.3; df=4; P<.002), females (13.9% vs 27.8%; χ2=3.9; df=1; P<.05), foreign‐trained (7.0% vs 19.4%; χ2=16.5; df=2; P<.001), and dissatisfaction with practice (31% vs 51%; χ2=7.8; df=4; P =.10). Thus, the magnitude of the financial incentive in this experiment had no differential effect on response rate. But differences in responses from late responders (proxies for nonresponders) on demographic characteristics and key study variables suggest the persistence of response bias despite an acceptable response rate. Future dental health survey research should employ tests for response bias on both

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA high priority is given to improvements in the oral health of the elderly in Scandinavia. In 1987 a Danish municipality established a dental public health care program for old‐age pensioners. All 67‐year‐old citizens were offered school‐based preventive and curative care using guidelines and principles established by the Danish Municipal Dental Service for children. Care was provided free of charge. Citizens not wishing to obtain care through the public system could do so from private dental practitioners. Reimbursement for care obtained from the private system was provided by the National Health Insurance and the municipality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of the program after three years of operation. A follow‐up design was used and data were collected by interviews and clinical registrations. At baseline and follow‐up 216 (71%) and 235 (77%) pensioners, respectively, were interviewed about their self‐assessments of dental health, dental knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Clinical data were collected only for the elderly who participated in the public program, and included 194 persons at baseline and 187 at follow‐up. These data included information on tooth loss, dental caries, periodontal health, and presence and function of removable dentures. At the follow‐up, 86 percent of all respondents had regular dental visits of at least once a year compared to 46 percent at baseline; 75 percent participated in the public program and 11 percent obtained care from private practitioners. At the end of the intervention period, fewer elderly reported symptoms of poor oral health or impaired function of dentures. Moreover, improvements in self‐care, knowledge, and attitudes in oral health were found. The clinical data showed a reduction in unmet need for dental treatment. More preventive care services were given to attenders of the public program than the private one. The present evaluation of systematic public dental care demonstrates positive results in improvment of the oral health and life‐qual

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary TestimonyThe American Board of Dental Public Health strives to improve the health of our nation by establishing and promoting standards for dental public health practice and recognizing dentists for their special knowledge and ability in dental public health and preventive dentistry. As one of the eight specialties recognized by the American Dental Association, this specialty focuses upon the oral health of communities and population groups with an emphasis on oral health promotion, disease prevention, and access using organized community efforts. The board offers the following 12 recommendations:1Dental education must actively support diversity in education and practice to meet the public's needs in a culturally sensitive and cost‐effective manner. Also, dental education must define its educational base in light of current as well as emerging and evolving needs of society.2Dental education must incorporate the interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary aspects of health services delivery.33. Disease prevention and health promotion must be given a much higher priority in dental education.4Basic knowledge and experience in dental public health must be an integral component of predoctoral education.5The number of specialists in dental public health needs to be increased, and graduate training in both traditional and expanded areas of dental public health needs to be enhanced and increased.6Dental education must develop methods for incorporating new scientific knowledge and technologies into the curriculum and practice.7A systematic, objective approach needs to be developed to improve and enhance the role of oral health professionals to respond to a constantly evolving social and political environment and science base.8The role of dental education institutions in continuing education must be restructured and improved to address practitioner competency and relevancy to the needs of society.9Dental practice guidelines need to be established and monitored.10Accreditation, licensure, and certification need to be restructured to meet the health needs of the public.11Education and behavioral research to improve the dental education process needs to be reestablished, improved, and expanded.12Pilot programs need to be developed, implemented, and supported to stimulate the necessary changes in dental education to be more responsive to the needs of society.The American Board of Dental Public Health (ABDPH) appreciates this opportunity to provide written testimony to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Committee on the Future of Dental Education. The recommendations of this committee will provide the nation with critical guidance toward meeting the oral health needs well into the next centur

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4006    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY