ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00182.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00183.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIndividual differences in the nature and frequency of conflict behaviour between 18–24 month old children and their older siblings were investigated in a sample of 43 sibling pairs observed at home with their mothers. By 24 months, relatively mature behaviour such as conciliation, teasing, reference to social rules and justification for prohibition were observed. These behaviours were correlated with maternal and sibling reference to social rules and feelings 6 months earlier; physical aggression was correlated with earlier sibling physical aggression and maternal involvement. Sibling status and type of maternal intervention were not related to frequency and duration of sibling conflic

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00184.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractParent and teacher reports of behaviour problems were obtained at ages 5, 7, 9 and 11 years for three groups of boys: specific reading retarded (N= 18), general reading backward (N= 22), and those with no severe reading disability (N= 436). At school entry, both groups of reading disabled boys were reported as having more behaviour problems, and the level of problems increased during their early school years. The results suggest that behaviour problems pre‐date reading disability, while reading failure further exacerbates the existing problem behaviou

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00185.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA substantial minority (23%) of children between 7 and 12 years of age attending general practice were found to have psychiatric disorders. Disturbance was slightly more frequent in girls than in boys, and emotional disorder was the most common diagnosis.Psychiatric disorder was associated with psychological disadvantage (broken homes, the child had lived away from the family, family history of psychiatric disorder) and with current high levels of parental stress in relation to their children. Disturbed children tended to present with symptoms of anxiety, bed‐wetting, hayfever, nosebleeds or scabies. Amongst a subsample of children consulting in general practice, psychiatric disorder may be a relevant factor contributing to somatic consultatio

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00186.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe coping reactions of parents of 58 children exhibiting signs of maladjustment upon entering elementary school and changes in adjustment to school were evaluated during the first two school years. The relationship between coping and adjustment was evaluated by measuring both synchronous and cross‐lagged correlations.As the children's adjustment worsened during the first grade, mothers increased their coping activity, but their efforts did not contribute to an improved adjustment. An adaptive and cohesive family pattern, related to a subsequent improvement in adjustment to school, was composed of variables measuring fathers' coping activities, mothers' positive attempts to stimulate the fathers' coping behaviors, parental support of the children and their co‐operation to co‐ordinate coping strat

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00187.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEight of 69 males referred to a Hyperactivity Clinic for participation in psychopharmacological trials were not rated hyperactive by their primary caretaker on a parent symptom questionnaire. In comparison to eight boys for whom both parent and teacher ratings of hyperactivity were high, the group differed only in caretaker status. ‘Situational’ children were less likely to be living with both biological parents (P>0.05). In contrast, direct observation and actometer measurement of activity did not differ significantly between the groups. The findings suggest that at least in clinical settings, a distinction between ‘situational’ and ‘pervasive’ hyperactivity reflects caretaker status or attitude and not characteristics o

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00188.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe social interactions of young autistic children and their caregivers were contrasted to interactions involving normal and mentally retarded controls. The autistic children displayed a much lower frequency of attention sharing behaviors, such as pointing to or showing objects. Alternatively, the autistic children directed as much looking, vocalizing and proximity behaviors toward their caregivers as did the other groups. Thus, although the autistic children did not show a clear lack of responsiveness to their caregivers, they did display a significant deficit in indicating behaviors during child‐caregiver interactio

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00189.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractYoung autistic children were compared to normal and control samples on measures of nonverbal communication skills and object play skills. Deficits in non‐verbal indicating behaviors best discriminated the children diagnosed as autistic from the other groups. Although the autistic children also exhibited deficits in object play behavior, these deficits did not add appreciably to the discriminant function based on the non‐verbal communication behaviors. These results suggest that a deficit in the development of non‐verbal indicating behaviors is a significant characteristic of young children who receive the diagnosis of a

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00190.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAutistic and matched non‐autistic retarded children were selected for their ability to recognize the correspondence between schematic drawings and videotaped scenes involving people. The subjects of both groups were able to choose schematic drawings of gestures for a person's gestures of emotion enacted on videotape. However, the autistic children were significantly impaired in choosing which of the drawings of gestures should ‘go with’ videotaped vocalizations and facial expressions characteristic of four emotional states. The results were found to be consistent with results from a previous, related study in which the same subjects had chosen drawn or photographed faces to indicate their judgements of the same videotapes of emotional expression. It is suggested that these findings reflect an important aspect of autistic children's social disab

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb00191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY