ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01833.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01834.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—The DSM III category of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity is considered within a framework of Rutter's (1977) outline of criteria for adequacy of psychiatry classification. Discussion of problems with the operationalization and deflnitiion of ‘attention deficit’ and the difficulty of using this rubric in distinguishing between ADDH and other related childhood disorders, along with the consequent failure to meet other important criteria, leads to the conclusion that the concept needs re‐ap

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01835.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Groups of MA‐matched autistic, normal and non‐autistic retarded children were tested for their ability to choose drawn and photographed facial expressions of emotion to “go with” a person videotaped in gestures, vocalizations and contexts indicative of four emotional states. Although both autistic and control subjects were adept in choosing drawings of non‐personal objects to correspond with videotaped cues, the autistic children were markedly impaired in selecting the appropriate faces for the videotaped expressions and contexts. Within the autistic group, the children's performance in this task of emotion recognition was related to MA. It is suggested that autistic children have difficulty in recognizing how different expressions of particular emotions are associated with each other, and that this might contribute to their failure to understand the emotional states of o

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01836.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Fifty children aged from 7 to 12 yr were identified as either isolated or rejected by peers on the basis of sociometric nomination. Subjects were randomly assigned to either social skills training (SST), attention placebo control (APC) or no‐treatment control (NTC). Social skills training was not found to produce beneficial effects for either isolates or rejects over and above any changes within the APC or NTC groups. Rejected children in all experimental conditions showed minimal improvement over time whereas isolated children in a groups tended to show improvements in social compete

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01837.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Six‐year‐old children were instructed to adopt a detached or an involved attitude while they listened to a sad story. The effects of these instructions became clear by the children's self‐report using a non‐verbal emotion sccile, their way of reproducing the story they had to listen to, and their achievements on an unrelated picture‐memory task. Differences between boys and girls were found and discussed as well as the nature of some of the self‐control strategies reported by

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01838.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Children discriminated tactual dot patterns by size or form and by texture. Adding irrelevant, easy, correlated texture cues improved size and form discrimination while orthogonzil irrelevant texture cues interfered. Facilitation and interference could be reversed by reversing dimensional difficulty, but were found also when the two dimensions were equally accurate, for both blindfolded sighted and for blind children.The theoretical implication with regard to age effects, and practical implications for using dot numerosity and dot density differences for Braille learning were discusse

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01839.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—A series of four studies was conducted to investigate the influence of role enactment on problem‐solving in 6–10 yr old children from a disadvantaged background. It was hypothesized that asking the child to enact someone ‘clever’ (and in one instance someone ‘not clever’), would modify the child's performance on the Matching Familiar Figures test as against performance under standard administrative conditions. Apart from the 6 yr old sample, the findings supported the experimental hypothesis. In addition, the speech of 7 and 8 yr old impulsive and reflective children, and children previously administered reflectivity training schemes, was analyzed in terms of a classification scheme of reflexivity. No differences were found between these groups on the measures of reflexivity used in speech. The implications of these findings and this approach for disadvantaged children

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01840.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Data are reported from an exploratory study looking at the prevalence of sleep problems (broken sleep and limited hours of sleep) in a population of handicapped children. Some degree of difficulty occurred in over a third of the population. There were strong associations with age, a range of serious daytime behavioural difficulties and indices of family stress. Some support for distinct subgroups (night waking, limited hours) was obtained. The implications of these findings are discusse

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01841.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Co‐vocalizations and inter‐speaker silences were used to investigate the vocal engagements of six mother‐infant dyads. Observed records of vocal behaviours were compared with records in which the vocal behaviours were randomized. The results indicated that there were significantly fewer co‐vocalizations in observed than in randomized records; that the durations of inter‐speaker silences following infant vocalization were significantly shorter in observed than in randomized records; and that the durations of inter‐speaker silences following maternal vocalization were significantly longer in observed than in randomized records. These findings were interpreted as being consistent with the view that mothers attempt to engage their infants in turn‐taking encounters, and that descriptions of such engagements in terms of conversational metaphors may be misleading

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY