摘要:

SUMMARYUsing the data from five epidemiological studies of the total child population, the traditional distinction between general reading backwardness (i.e. reading below average for age, regardless of I.Q.) and specific reading retardation (i.e. a disability in reading relative to the child's age and general intellectual level) is put to the test. The concept and measurement of underachievement are discussed and it is shown that severe degrees of specific reading retardation occur at a rate above that predicted on a statistical basis, suggesting a “hump” at the lower end of the distribution. Reading retardation is shown to differ significantly from reading backwardness in terms of sex ratio, neurological disorder, pattern of neuro‐developmental deficits and educational prognosis. It is concluded that the concept of specific reading retardation is valid, but evidence is discussed which shows that this doesnotsupport the view of a genetically distinct syndrome of dys

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01269.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe study set out to verify by the experimental method several hypotheses arising out of the analytic Literature concerning the dynamics of the asthmatic child.Two groups of asthmatic children, differing in severity, were matched and compared with two control groups, one normal and the other with chronic chest disease. The asthmatic and normal children were drawn from random samples of the 10‐yr‐old population within the Melbourne (Australia) Metropolitan Area. The asthmatic children demonstrated an excessive dependence‐independence conflict with an intensive mother‐child bond and core anxiety around the threat of separation. Under such a threat “claustral” themes were more predominant. It was tentatively concluded that this complex of variables was specifi

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01270.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA Principal Component Analysis of 39 temperamental attributes on a random sample of 209 infant school children produced four meaningful components. These identified components make an important contribution to an understanding of temperamental organization. A brief questionnaire using the above data has been developed for measuring temperament in infant school children. There are 30 questions with appropriate probes which relate to four components (dimensions): (a) Withdrawal, poor adaptation, dependence, etc.; (b) High activity, intensity, distractibility, etc.; (c) Moodiness, sulkiness; (d) Irregularity. Tentative norms arc provided for the above dimensions.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01271.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThis paper presents an attempt to test Piaget's notion that the child's language reflects his cognitive level, by examining how five‐year‐olds interpret the conservation expression “same amount of room” and then attempting to re‐educate their semantics. Interpretations were generally in terms of height or shape, depending on whether children produced or selected the comparison, implying that failure at the classic conservation task is due to misinterpretation of the instruction rather than to witnessing the perceptual transformation. Correct interpretations were common when neither shape nor height variables were perceptually salient. Semantic re‐education corrected “shape” but not “height” interpretations, implying that failure to conserve is not a pure

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01272.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYData On Child‐Parent Interaction, Activity And Behaviour In A Test Situation Were Obtained From Young Children Who had had A Single 3‐Min Separation And From Non‐Separated Controls. During Separation, Crying Increased And Non‐Crying Vocalisation Decreased. No Other Immediate Effects Of Separation Were Observed. One Week Later, the Previously Separated Subjects Tended To Show Objects Less Frequently And Also Manifested Less Manipulative Play. There Were Marked Differences In Their Readiness To Separate Themselves From Their

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01273.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01274.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01275.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01276.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Comparative Ecology and Behaviour of Primates. Edited by RichardP. Michaeland JohnH. CrookServices for Children and their Families–Aspects of Child Care for Social Workers. Edited by JohnStroud.The Challenge: Despair and Hope in the Conquest of Inner Space. R. Ekstein.Behaviour Therapy with Delinquents. Edited by JeromeS. Stumphauser. Charles C. ThomasClinical Studies in Childhood Psychoses. Edited by S. A. Szureekand I. N. Berlin.Organisation and Memory. A Review and a Project in Subnormality. P. Herriot. JosephineM. Greenand R. Mcconkey.Behaviour Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence. RichardL. JenkinsUnderstanding Children. RichardA. Gardn

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01277.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1975.tb01278.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1975

数据来源: WILEY