ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01029.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01030.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA prerequisite step for studying the magnitude and meaning of IQ change is to distinguish between true IQ change that is a researchable phenomenon and IQ “change” that can be accounted for by measurement error. We studied she reliability, magnitude and meaning of IQ change using scores on she WISC‐R obtained from a representative sample of 794 children at ages 7, 9,11 and 13. The findings suggest that, in the majority of children, IQ change is either negligible in amount, unreliably measured or both. In a nontrivial minority of children, naturalistic IQ change is marked and real, but this change is variable in its timing, idiosyncratic in its source and transient in its course. We discuss the implications of these findings for interventions that aspire to improve IQ s

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01031.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeparate in‐depth interviews were conducted with two groups of highly stressed 4th–6th grade urban children classified; is stress‐affected (SA) and stress‐resilient (SR), and their parents. Judges identified interview items reflecting three components of a good parent‐child relationship, i.e. positive parental attitudes, involvement and guidance SB parents and children scored higher than their SA counterparts on all three relational dimensions. Additionally, SR parent‐child dyads had more congruent views of their relationship than SA dyads. These findings suggest that positive parent‐child relationship qualities play an important protective role that favors resilient outcomes, at ages 10–12, among children who have experienced ma

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01032.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study examines the accuracy of parents' reports about their children's sleep behavior and their response to a behavioral treatment. Twenty‐eight sleep‐disordered and thirty control children aged 12–36 months were filmed during three nights using an infrared camera and their sleep behavior compared with parental reports. That: wore significant differences among the groups with parents of good sleepers being less accurate in repenting OH their childrens sleep behavior. Poor sleepers also had more behavior problems, a marc difficult temperament and more adverse early medical histories. The good sleepers woke up as frequently as the poor sleepers. However, they managed to soothe themselves back to sleep without disturbing anyone. Virtually all poor sleepers showed significant improvement following trea

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01033.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article examines relationships between psychiatric disorder, poor school performance, family dysfunction and law family income in a cohort of 8–12‐year‐olds and use of tobacco, marijuana and hard drugs 4 years later. Conduct disorder assessed by teachers predicted use of alcohol and hard drugs, while low family income and poor school performance predicted use of tobacco. Neither attention‐deficit disorder nor emotional disorder was related lo adolescent substance use. Although behavioural deviance in childhood is associated with adolescent substance use, it has limited potential for identifying groups at risk in the general population for purposes of preventing substance use in late

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01034.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAdapted children are overrepresented in referrals to mental health Research has described child symptomatology but has rarely described family characteristic how adoptive and biological families presenting a child for treatment differ. This study look a systemic approach carrying out a multilevel assessment of families of adopted and biological children presented for treatment with adopted and biological nonclinical comparison groups. The results from this study of 88 parents of 7–17‐year‐old children suggest that adoptive families have greater social and psychological resources that trail be relied on in treatment. However, adopted children are perceived to have more problems and their families arc more likely to consider removal of die child as a solution to problems. Therapists' failure to appreciate these unique strengths and vulnerabilities of adoptive families can lead to treatment fa

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01035.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPreschool‐aged, autistic children were compared with both developmentally delayed children of similar non‐verbal mental age and normally developing children of similar verbal skill on measures of executive function and social communication skills. Autistic children exhibited significantly more perseverative responses on a test of executive Function when compared to both comparison groups. Autistic children also exhibited significantly fewer joint attention and social interaction behaviors Moreover, a significant relationship was found between executive function skill and the two social communciation skills, which was independent of group membership or verbal ability. Competing hypotheses to account for the relationship between executive function deficits and social communication deficits in, autism are discus

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01036.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the stability of self‐reported fears amongst 94 primary school children over a 2‐year period using the Fear Survey Schedule for Children–Revised (FSSC—R). Children reported a decrease in fearfulness with increasing age, with girls reporting higher fear scores than boys on both occasions. The most frequently feared stimuli were almost identical for boys and girls and remained the same no both occasions, relating mainly to fears of danger, death and physical injury. Those fears that showed the greatest reduction over time concerned getting sick, parental criticism or punishment and the dark for girls, whereas boys reported the greatest reductions in fears relating to physical injury, parental criticism, the dark and unfamiliar persons. The only fear stimulus to increase with age was “giving a spoken report”, which was rated as more fearful by boys on the second occasion. Children identified as unusually fearful at Time1, were much more likely to report high fear levels two wars later, compared to children who did not report high fear level

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01037.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01038.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY