ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00886.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifty‐eight high‐functioning autistic children were assessed during preschool and early school years and followed over a period of 8 years. Early and current psychometric and language tests, parent interviews concerning autistic symptomatology, and direct observations were examined as predictors of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales and scores on standardized achievement tests. Verbal skills emerged as the strongest predictor of social‐adaptive functioning Clear, positive relationships also emerged between intellctual functioning, and academic attainment Early non‐verbal IQ. also showed a positive relationship with outcome. Academic performance appeared considerably stroager than in earher

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00887.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRates of birth in the general population show seasonal fluctuations for reasons that arc ill understood. Variations from these general imputation patterns have been reported for several psychiatric conditions and used as the basis for aetiological hypotheses In this paper, the evidence for alterations in the expected seasonal fluctuation in birth dates of autistic people is evaluated. A national sample of 1435 autistic individuals and a clinic sample Of 196 subjects are compared to general population figures and to 121 sibling controls. Compared with the general population, the national sample showed significant deviation's from the‐ expected rate of birth by month. In the clinic sample, differences from the anticipated monthly pattern were only evident when this sample was compared to the sibling controls. A variety of models for seasonal trends, including year quarters, temperature and sine wave forms, were fitted to these variations but no consistent picture emerge

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFive children (three boys and two girls) with autism or autistic_like conditions are described. Three of them had congenital hypothyroidism and two had mothers who had probably been hypothyroid in pregnancy It is suggested that hypothyroid hormone deficiency in early development might Cause nervous system damage such that autistic symptoms are likely to ensue. An alternative explanation might be autoimmune factors linking hypothyroidism and autism

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA large sample of primiparous women was screened far depression after childbirth. Those identified us depressed, women with a previous history of depression and a control group were followed up to 18 months, went their infants were assessed on measures of congomotive, spcoal and behavioural development. Infants of postnatally depressed mothers performed worse on object concept tasks, were more insecurely attached to their mothers and worst on object concepl task, were mure insecurely attached to their mothers and showing more mild behavioural difficulties. Postnatal depression had no effect on general cognitive and language development, but appeared to make infants more vulnerable to adverse effects of lower social class and male gender.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPsychiatric disorders and behaviour problems were found lo be commoner in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in matched comparison groups with tension headache and diabetes as well as in healthy children. Depression, anxiety and low self‐esteem were common. Many children denied their problems. This may be due to the type of illness, its social consequences and the embarrassment experienced by the children. Discrepancies were found between the children's and their mothers' replies. These results are discussed in terms of their implication fur paediatric practic

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is well documented that schizophrenic patients suffer from numerous cognitive defects. In a preliminary investigation, the Learning Potential Assessment Device was used under controlled conditions to examine the cognitive modifiability of Institutionalized adolescent schizophrenics (N= 12) and a contrast group of adolescents with severe conduct disorders (N= 10). Feuerstein's theory of structural cognitive modifiability was thus applied in assessing potential for change. Results are encouraging in tint there was evidence of the modifiability of the experimental subgroups of both the schizophrenic and conduct disorder groups.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe investigated autistic, mentally retarded, and normal children's ability to deceive or obstruct an opponent. When required to tell a lie (saying that a box was locked) autistic children performed significantly worse than their controls, taking into account mental age, However, they readily prevented a competitor from gaining a reward by physical manipulation (locking a box). Their success on sabotage demonstrated that failure failure on deception was not due to an inability to understand the task. Performance on deception was predicted by performance on a false belief attribution task. The present findings confirm that autistic children have a specific deficit in understanding and manipulating beliefs.

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAspects of developmental sequences and structures were assessed in low‐ and high‐Functioning autistic and non‐autistic developmentally disabled children. Specific developmental issues examined included sequences, regressions and profiles. Classification into the high‐ or low‐functioning groups was based on a full stale IQ cutoff of 50. In general, there were few differences in the sequences of development among the groups. However, the autistic children were more likely than non‐autistic children to display developmental regressions and unevenness across developmental domains. These developmental peculiarities were more pronounced in the low‐ as compared to high‐functioning autistic children. These findings are discussed with regard to issues of developmental processes, classifica

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0021-9630    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1992.tb00895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY