ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375246

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The removal of poliovirus type 1, coliforms, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococcus from treated sewage was compared in four sandy soils. In all soils, poliovirus removal was substantially greater than that observed for any of the bacterial indicator groups. These results suggest that in soils undergoing rapid infiltration of wastewater, indicator bacteria are conservative indicators of poliovirus removal.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375247

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Mediterranean fruit flies,Ceratitis capitata(Wiedemann), melon flies,Dacus cucurbitaeCoquillett, and oriental fruit flies, I),dorsalisHendel, were sexually sterilized with tepa supplied in drinking water for the first 2 days after adult emergence and at dosages determined in earlier tests to be thresholds for sexual sterilization of the particular species. Ovaries and testes were dissected out of the adults at different periods, depending upon the physiological ages of the particular species, and measurements were made under a binocular microscope with calibrated occular. Sizes of gonads of the males of all three species were affected less severely by the tepa treatment than those of females. Male and female gonads of treated Mediterranean fruit flies were least reduced in size, and those of melon flies the most.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375248

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An objective data quality assurance scheme, which can be coded algorithmatically, is developed to validate measurement of ambient sulfur dioxide data. The essential feature of the scheme is a set of data rejection criteria imposed for one minute, three minute, hourly, and twenty‐four hour averaged sulfur dioxide concentrations. The scheme also includes (i) correction of any time drifts, (ii) corrections of span and zero drifts, and (iii) conversion of the digital information on sulfur dioxide levels into absolute concentrations. The scheme was incorporated in a data processing software and implemented in a sulfur dioxide monitoring network. The data obtained from the initial four‐month monitoring period were reported. It is found that the data quality assurance scheme works well; all suspicious data have been rejected and most of the rejected data are those collected during equipment breakdown periods.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375249

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two new methods for the estimation of the reaeration coefficient in a stream are derived. The first method, termed the “peak lag method,”; or PLM, calculates the reaeration coefficient, K, using the observed time lag between solar noon and the maximum afternoon dissolved oxygen concentration. Computer simulation demonstrates that this technique is less accurate for small values of K or short day length. By using a correction term calculated from the observed time lag and the day length, a second technique, termed the “modified PLM,”; is developed which has improved accuracy in these situations . These methods require only observation of the time of the peak dissolved oxygen concentration and may therefore be more easily applied in some situations.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375250

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two hundred and sixteen young adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats, 80+5 days old, and each weighing approximately 220–250 gm, were injected IP every 3 days for 29 days for a total of 9 injections with 0, 1.0, or 2.5 mg CdCl2/kg body weight. Total cumulative doses were 0, 9.0 or 22.5 mg CdCl2/kg body weight. Twenty‐four hours after the last cadmium injection (day 30), each rat was irradiated with a total‐body exposure of 0, 3.62, or 5.43 Gray of gamma (60CO) radiation at a dose rate of 3.04 Gray/min. Eight rats from each of the 9 groups were sacrificed on day 1, 7, or 21. Highest levels of the creatine kinase enzyme were seen in radiation groupsatday 1, indicating an immediate radiotoxic response. Enzyme levels decreased through day 21 indicating clearance of the enzyme from the plasma. Although statistically significant differences between the groups, cadmium, radiation, or days were not seen, cadmium did protect against radiation. This protective function is not explainable; however, we speculate that different conformations of metal‐induced metallothioneln clusters exist to accommodate various metal ions. Further, that each kind of metal ion may have different and unique distribution patterns between the cluster centers which account for different functions.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375251

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Very little is known about the behavior of thallium in an aquatic system. Because of its toxicity and pollution potential, a greater understanding of thallium transport pathways in aquatic systems is needed. This study examined the transport of thallium among four basic aquatic components: water, sand, vegetation, and fish. Concentrations of thallium decreased slowly in the water and increased tenfold in the vegetation and fish. Definite transport of thallium occurred among water, fish, and vegetation, but no significant transport was seen between the sand and the other ecosystem components. Thallium concentration in the sand remained essentially constant throughout the experiments

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375252

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Aluminum ion appears to be toxic to fish particularly at low pH levels. It is important, therefore, to try to remove aluminum ion from water. The short and long term effects of leaves on reducing aluminum concentration in water have been examined. The overall effect of pH on this process has also been studied. Five common species of leaves have been used and their capacities for removing aluminum from solution have been studied. Results showed that leaves absorbed aluminum in widely varying degrees, depending on the type of leaf and the pH of the solution.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375253

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The nature of the interaction between aluminum ions and leaves has been investigated. The effects of several factors including the concentratlon of leaves, the concentration of aluminum, and the presence of competing ions on the uptake of aluminum by leaves have been studied. Releasing aluminum from leaves by the effect of changing pH or the addition of foreign ions has been also studied. Results showed that increasing the leaf concentration increased removal of aluminum; the cations Zn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, and Co2+competed with aluminum and reduced its uptake but Ca2+did not compete.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375254

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Contaminant Removal From Public Water Systemsby Daniel C. Houck et al Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, February 1985, 524p plus XVI cloth $52.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528509375255

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor