摘要:

A commercial preparation of neem extract, Margosine‐O, was tested for its antifeedant activity against 3 adult orthopteran insects, Carolina grasshoppers, walkingsticks, and field crickets. Twenty μ1 of 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50% solutions of extract were applied to 2 × 2‐cm corn‐leaf squares in tests with the grasshoppers and crickets, and to 2 × 2‐cm white oak‐leaf squares in tests with walkingsticks. Concentrations of 10, 5, and 5%, respectively were necessary to produce a significant reduction in feeding on the mixed sexes of Carolina grasshoppers, female walkingsticks, and female crickets, respectively. The levels of neem extract necessary to inhibit feeding by these 3 species were many times greater than the concentrations reported to be effective for inhibiting feeding in the desert locust and African migratory locusts.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375166

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Acute toxicity of 12 coal derived liquids representing 3 different technologies and 4 different severities of hydrotreatment has been examined with theTetrahymenapopulation growth bioassay.Tetrahymenawere exposed to various concentrations of the organic materials and growth impairment was monitored. In addition, analyses of the major organic elements in the coal liquids are presented. Coal‐derived liquids have a greater heteroatom and aromatic content than do natural crude oils. Hydrotreatment, the catalytic addition of hydrogen, concomitantly reduces toxicity as well as heteroatom content and aromaticity. Regression analysis of log toxicityvs% weight of the major organic elements suggests hydrogen content may be a good indicator of relative toxicity of coal‐derived liquids.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375167

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We investigated the effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a combustion‐related pollutant reported to depress host resistance to infection, on respiratory patterns in the mouse.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375168

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Waterhyacinths survive atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ranging from ambient to 15% (v/v). The optimum growth during a one‐week period with continuous laboratory lighting (200 μEs/m2/‐sec) appeared to be about 10%. Under these conditions, the equation defining inorganic carbon fixed as a function of the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide indicated a maximum of about 75% of available carbon was fixed over the range 0–10% CO2. Under a typical light cycle, the percent fixed was reduced to about 60%. The implications of the results are considered.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375169

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A strain ofKlebsiella aerogenesisolated from Rustamiyah Station for treatment of wastewater was examined for its ability to grow in a media supplimented with maximum tolerance concentrations of Pb++, Zn++, Ni++and Cd++, separately, at different temperature and initial pH. The results indicated that at 28°C and during the first 24hr, Pb++and Ni++had no effect on the growth of the bacteria, while the presence of Zn++and Cd++decreased the cell count. The growth reached a maximum level after the second day and started to decrease gradually.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375170

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sewage disposal is a serious problem for many communities. Land application is the most economical disposal method, but concerns exist about the effects of sewage on public health, water quality, and agricultural crops. This study was done to determine if long‐term, raw septage application to alfalfa cropland affected alfalfa nodulation and growth. Seedlings grown for 6 weeks in the greenhouse were 96.2% nodulated in the control and 100% in all other treatments on the soil receiving septage, indicating that a large native population of rhizobia existed in that soil even though its pH was 5.7. Only 3.8 and 1.4% of the plants grown on the soil not receiving septage were nodulated in the uninoculated control and in the inoculated treatment plus 55 kg N‐1ha respectively. Simple inoculation and inoculation plus lime pelleting of seed increased nodulation to 68.5 and 62.4%, respectively, on the nonseptage‐soil (pH 5.4). Plant shoot and root weights were consistently higher on the soil with septage, compared to the other soil. Seed inoculation on the septage‐treated soil improved plant shoot and root weights over the uninoculated control. Nitrogen fertilizer increased root weights over the inoculated treatment on the septage‐soil. None of the treatments improved shoot or root growth on the nonseptage‐soil. Septage soil application improved nodulation and growth of alfalfa, possibly by providing nutrients, increasing humus, raising the soil pH, adsorbing herbicide residues, and providing a substrate for a native rhizobia population.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375171

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A pheromone released by courting male tobacco budworm moths,Heliothis virescens(F.), to repel other males of that species has been identified as (Z)‐9‐tetradecenal. The amount of this compound isolated from 3‐day‐old male abdomens was 1 mg/male.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375172

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Ethanolic extracts of fresh neem seeds were formulated as aqueous suspensions and defatted ground neem kernels were formulated as non‐wettable dusts for greenhouse studies with fall army‐worm larvae,Spodoptera frugiperda(J. E. Smith). First stage larvae of the fall armyworm were fed neem‐treated Golden Bantam sweet corn. The antifeeding potency of 0.2 and 0.4% aqueous solutions of the neem seed extract was maintained for at least 21 days. Tests with formulated dusts showed moderate activity against 1st stage fall armyworm larvae.

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375173

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375174

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0360-1226    

DOI:10.1080/10934528409375165

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor