摘要:

Antibody Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity (ADCC) appears to be involved in Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AITD). Homologous system may trigger non-specific reactions which might obscure specific ADCC. Heterologous target cells may be useful for studying ADCC, provided relevant antigen(s) are expressed. We therefore tested the capacity of porcine thyroid cells to elicit ADCC reaction in the presence of sera from various patients with AITD. Porcine thyroid cells were used in a 4-hr chromium release assay in the presence of 1/10 heat inactivated human sera and human peripheral blood lymphocytes at a 30:1 effector-target ratio. There was a significant correlation (r=0.64;P<0.01) between ADCC activities tested on human or porcine thyroid cells. Serum or IgG effects on porcine thyroid ADCC were dose-dependent between 1/10 to 1/10,000 dilutions. Non-thyroid cell systems were unaffected by thyroid cytotoxic sera. Porcine thyrocyte susceptibility to ADCC peaked at the fourth day of culture and was enhanced by addition of TSH or TSH and methimazole in the culture medium. Using this heterologous system, we demonstrated ADCC activity in a significant proportion of patients with thyroiditis (14/19), Graves' opthalmopathy (19/44) or of mothers of children with congenital hypothyroidism (14/39) and in the children themselves (15/39). Discrepancies observed in some sera between ADCC activity and antithyroperoxidase antibody suggest that thyroperoxidase is not the only antigen involved in ADCC. These results indicate that porcine thyroid cells appear suitable for ADCC assay in patients with AITD. Also this system should be helpful to characterize the antigen-antibody involved.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004822

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Autoantibodies against theβ-cell Mr 64,000 protein (p64), recently identified as an isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), are prevalent in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Dog islets were found to represent an abundant source of native p64 allowing the study of antigen-antibody interactions in IDDM. A quantitative, standardized assay for p64 antibodies based on dog islets was developed and evaluated. Utilizing dog and human islets the p64 antibodies were detected in 17/19 (89%) new onset 15–32-year-old patients, compared to 15/19 (79%) in a rat islet assay. ICA were detected in 15/19 (79%) patients and correlated with the presence of p64 antibodies (rs=0.59,P<0.004) but not with age at onset, sex, or C-peptide levels.Sensitivity therefore is improved with the dog islet p64 antibody assay which will allow future studies requiring native p64 antigen in larger quantities are possible based on our findings.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004823

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The heal shock proteins hsp90 and hsp70 have been shown to be over-expressed in peripheral blood mono-nuclear cells from SLE patients. We show, however, that transcription of the three genes encoding the small hsp ubiquitin is not enhanced in these patients. The over expression of hsp90 and hsp70 in SLE is likely therefore to reflect cellular events resulting in the specific induction of these hsps rather than a generalized induction of all hsp synthesis due to the stress of the disease or the presence of fever.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004824

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We have used non-autoimmune non-neoplastic human thyroid cells to explore the role of surface class I and DR antigens on these cells' sensitivity towards T and Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. Non-treated thyrocytes expressed class I but no DR antigens. Following incubation withγ-interferon (γ-IFN) class I antigens were markedly elevated and DR expression was induced. Whereas non-treated thyrocytes were minimally lysed by sensitized T cells, they served as appropriate targets for NK cells. Following incubation withγ-IFN, the thyroid cells became highly sensitive to T cell lysis, with no significant reduction in their vulnerability to NK cell killing. The addition of monoclonal anti class I or DR antigens, or brief acid treatment which specifically eliminates class I molecules, inhibited T cell cytotoxicity but enhanced the sensitivity to lysis by NK cells. Thus, the presence of HLA antigens on the same thyroid cells have an opposite effect on two major cytotoxi mechanisms. Our findings are relevant within the context of recent suggestions of intervening with target HLA antigens for the management of autoimmune and malignant diseases.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004825

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The BB/Wor rat develops spontaneous insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT). We have recently demonstrated that immunization of BB/Wor rats with allogeneic thyroglobulin (Tg) induces LT at an early age. The incidence of spontaneous and Tg induced LT is extremely variable among different BB/Wor sublines. It has been shown that high iodine diet significantly increases the incidence of spontaneous lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) and low iodine diet significantly decreases the incidence of LT in genetically predisposed BB/Wor rats. Recent studies on thyroglobulin (Tg) induced LT in chicken and mouse have shown that iodine rich Tg is far more antigenic than Tg with a low iodine content, suggesting that a high iodine diet increases the immunogenicity of Tg molecule. In order to determine whether the extent of Tg iodination would affect its immunogenicity in the BB/Wor rats, the current study was carried out. Normal iodine Tg (NTg) or low iodine Tg (LTg) was obtained from thyroids of rats that were placed on regular diet or regular diet plus 0.5% methimazole, respectively. 120 rats from the NB (highly susceptible) and BB (low susceptible) sublines were randomized in three groups. Immunization was carried out with a 1:1 emulsion of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and LTg, NTg (0.6 mg/rat) or saline at 30 and 37 days of age. Since spontaneous LT rarely occurs before age 75 days, rats were sacrificed at age 65 days to specifically study Tg induced LT. Immunization with NTg induced LT in 31% of the NB rats, but not in the BB subline. LTg did not induce LT in either subline. Tg antibody (Ab) OD's were higher in the NB rats in all immunization protocols and also significantly higher in each strain of rats immunized with NTg compared with LTg. Serum T4ab were present in both sublines immunized with NTg. Serum TSH concentrations and BEI were normal and similar in both sublines confirming the euthyroid status of these rats. These findings demonstrate that, in this animal model, I may play an important role in the induction of LT. Importance of a genetically susceptible background in order to trigger autoimmunity is emphasized.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004826

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sera from U.S. patients with SLE, RA, and various malignancies, clinically normal individuals with seroactivity to HIV, AIDS, and from pregnant women were tested for the presence of anti-c-mycantibodies. In an ELISA using recombinant humanc-mycprotein as the antigen, no difference in mean antibody liter was generally detected in these sera when compared to normal controls. Only three malignancy sera (two myeloid leukemia and only one lymphoma) and two patients with AIDS-related lymphoma exhibited exceedingly higher levels of anti-c-mycantibody. However, significantly elevated anti-c-mycantibody levels were found among 20 patients with African Burkitt's lymphoma (Ghana) and 20 normal Ghanians, thus apparently reflecting an autoimmune phenomenon prevalent in the endemic region. These findings indicated that elevated levels of anti-c-mycantibodies are not a general characteristic of patients with diseases that have been associated with increased expression ofc-myc.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004827

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We have examined serum antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus Nuclear Antigen (EBNA)-1,-2A and-2B, in addition to antibodies to viral capsid antigen and early antigen in 100 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 50 of their relatives. Using indirect immunofluorescence on transfected cells and Western-blot technique, we have found increased frequency and litres of antibodies to EBNA-2B in patients and, to a lesser degree, in their family members, whereas other anti-Epstein-Barr virus antibodies appeared to be similar to controls. Cross-inhibition experiments were carried out and show that antibodies to EBNA-2A are distinct from those to-2B, and vice verse.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004828

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The expression of adhesion molecules by cells of the small intestinal mucosa was compared in gut biopsies from children with autoimmune small intestinal enteropathy and normal controls and related to HLA-DR expression by the same tissue. Jejunal biopsies were stained by IFL with monoclonal antibodies to LFA-1 (TS1/22 and GDI 1a/25.3.1) and ICAM-1 (RR1/1 and 84H10) molecules. LFA-1 and ICAM-1 positive cells were observed in the lamina propria in all cases and the counts were increased in autoimmune enteropathy compared with controls. In addition, in 4 of 7 cases of autoimmune enteropathy crypt enterocytes were positives for ICAM-1 when stained with RR1/1 and 3 of the 4 were also positive for LFA-1 when stained with both LFA-1 reagents.We speculate on the role of adhesion molecule expression in autoimmune enteropathy.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004829

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004830

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939209004831

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor