摘要:

Previous studies have demonstrated a stimulatory effect of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) on insulin and glucagon release from the perfused rat pancreas, accompanied by selective lysis of 20% ofβ-cells as assessed by electronmicroscopy. However, we have not observed an inhibitory action of IL-1βon insulin release from the perfused pancreas as shown for isolated islets. To test whether periodical exposure of the endocrine pancreas to circulating IL-1βin vivoaffects insulin release from the intact perfused pancreas, rats were treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of 4μg IL-1β/kg or saline for 5 days. On day 5 the pancreata were isolated 2 h after the last injection and perfused from 0 to 72 min with 11 mmol/l D-glucose and from 72 to 84 min with 20 mmol/l D-glucose. Saline or IL-1βwas added from 12 to 72 min.In pancreata from animals pre-treated with IL-1βglucose-stimulated as well as IL-1βpotentiated glucose-stimulated insulin release was almost completely abolished. Furthermore, a decline in insulin release was observed at 1 1 mmol/l D-glucose, in contrast to an increase in insulin release in controls. The total extractable insulin content in pancreata from IL-1βpre-treated rats was higher than in pancreata from saline-treated controls. In contrast to the inhibitory effect ofin vivoadministration of IL-1βon 1β-cell function glucagon secretion was stimulated.These observations suggest that circulating IL-1βis an important modulator ofαa- andβ-cell secretory functionin vivoand that IL-1βshould be considered a contributory pathogenetic factor in the development of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041045

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

To better define the relationships between circulating autoantibodies and renal involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antibodies to both dsDNA and soluble cellular antigens were detected in sera from a large series of SLE patients. Significantly higher dsDNA binding activities and lower complement levels at onset were found in patients with renal disease; however, this was uniquely due to subjects with diffuse or focal proliferative glomerulonephritis. Patients with membranous nephropathy (MGN) showed very low dsDNA binding activities (6/9 of them being negative for dsDNA antibodies) and normal mean C3 and C4 levels. A comparison between patients with proliferative nephritis and patients without renal involvement with high dsDNA binding activities revealed significantly lower complement levels in the former group. No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of antibodies to soluble cellular antigens between patients with or without renal disease; however, nRNP antibody was two-fold more frequent in patients with MGN than in all other subgroups. This study highlights the close relationship between concurrently high anti-dsDNA and low complement levels and proliferative glomerulonephritis in SLE, and suggests that subjects with MGN may represent a subgroup of SLE patients showing peculiar serological features. Different mechanisms possibly involved in the pathogenesis of MGN in SLE are discussed.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041046

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine longitudinally the different patterns of nuclear and cytoplasmic antigen recognition by sera from patients with SLE during clinical flare and remission using immunoblot-ting (1B) techniques.Serum samoles (n =150) were obtained from 35 SLE Datients during a follow-uu period averaging 4.7 years. Three patients (10 sera) were in complete remissibn: the IB paitern of these 3 patients remained unchanged; 32 SLE patients experienced one or more clinical flares: in 5 cases (20 sera) the 1B analysis showed no detectable antibody. The following dominant IB patterns were seen in the remaining 27 active SLE patients: anti-Sm (n= 7), anti-Sm/RNP (n= 7), anti-SS-B and/or anti-Ro (n= 6), anti-histones (n= 5), anti-70 Kd (unidentified) (n= 2). No IB pattern was able to differenciate mild forms of SLE from severe cases. In 9 of 21 clinical flares, the serum IB pattern was not different from that of the patient's serum drawn during remission (3 severe and 6 mild flares). Diversity of the antibodies increased in 7 cases (5 severe, 2 mild flares); and a shift from one pattern to another was observed 5 times (2 severe, 3 mild flares). Twenty three subsequent remissions were studied: in 14 cases the IB profile was unmodified (5 severe, 9 mild SLE), and the diversity of the antibody narrowed in 4 cases (2 severe, 2 mild SLE). The IB pattern shifted from one pattern to another (2 severe, 4 mild SLE) in 5 instances. These data suggest that the antinuclear antibody IB pattern of each SLE patient remains roughly unmodified during clinical flares and remissions but differs widely from one patient to another.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041047

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We tested sera and purified immunoglobulin (Ig) fractions from patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD), with and without ophthalmopathy, and normal subjects, for the presence of antibodies reactive with eye muscle membrane antigens in an optimized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found no correlation between ELISA results and the presence or severity of ophthalmopathy in patients with AITD for either serum or Ig, and there were no significant differences between the mean values (±SE) for the three groups (AITD with ophthalmopathy, AITD without ophthalmopathy and normals) for either serum or Ig. In contrast Ig from 8 of 19 (45%) patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy reacted with a 64 kDa eye muscle membrane antigen in SDS-polyacrylamide gel elec-tropohoresis and Western blotting, while tests were positive in only one of the 8 patients with AITD without eye disease and in none of the 8 normal subjects. The presence of antibodies to a 64kDa antigen in immunoblotting did not correlate with the levels of antibodies measured in ELISA. We conclude that the ELISA, incorporating crude membrane fractions as antigen, is not useful as a clinical test for eye muscle autoantibodies.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041048

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Systemic vasculitis is an inflammatory disorder of blood vessels characterized by a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration around the vessel and fibrinoid necrosis within vessel walls. Interleukin-I (IL-I) is a multipotent inflammatory mediator and affects several properties of vascular cells. To determine whether IL-1 could contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, we examined the effect of IL-l on B cell stimulatory factor-2/interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and the proliferation of these cells. Supernatants of SMC stimulated IgM synthesis of human B cell line, SKW6-CL4 cells. This activity was increased (1.7 to 2.6-fold) when SMC were pretreated with IL-1 or calcium ionophore A23187 for 48 h, and was completely blocked by rabbit anti-human IL-6 antibodies. These IL-6 activities of the SMC supernatants were also assessed by using an IL-6 dependent murine hybridoma cell line, MH-60. BSF-2. In addition, we observed that pretreatment of SMC with IL-I for 48 h stimulated growth of SMC during the 96 h incubations, as assessed by cell number (p<0.05). These results suggest that IL-l may contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory and immunological vasculitis by the augmentation of IL-6 release and growth of SMC.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041049

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The expression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules (Ia antigen) has been analyzed by immunoperoxidase staining in thyroids of normal C3H mice, of iodine-deficient mice with a hyperplastic goiter and of mice during goiter involution induced by administration of either a high iodide dose (HID, 10μg/day) for 0.5 to 8 days or a moderate iodide dose (MID, 1μg/day) or triiodothyronine (T3, 1μg/day) for 2 days.In normal and in hyperplastic thyroids, few interstitial cells were la positive (monoclonal antibodies, mAb, M5/114, ER-TR3). Their number was unchanged when goiter involution was induced by MID or by T., but was significantly increased (p<, 0.05) after HID. It was maximal at days 1 and 2 of involution, decreased thereafter but remained higher (p<0.05) than in controls after 8 days.The la positive cells were mainly macrophages and, to a lesser extent, dendritic cells. Macrophages were identified by their heterogeneous content and their numerous lysosomes. They were stained with anti-Mac-1 (M1/70) and anti-Mac-2 (M3/38) mAb. Dendritic cells were characterized by their slender cytoplasmic processes, indented nucleus and pale cytoplasm. They were positive for NLDC-145 and MIDC-8 mAb whose specificity for dendritic cells has been demonstrated in lymphoid organs.During the whole period of involution analyzed, la antigens were not expressed on follicular cells. Since macrophages and dendritic cells are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of immune disorders, the inflammation induced by administration of HID to iodine-deficient mice could be considered as the early step of an immunological reaction.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041050

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

There are three distinct and well characterized thyroid autoantigens-thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase (microsomal antigen/TPO) and the TSH receptor. Auto-antibodies to the TSH receptor are responsible for hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease whereas antibodies to TPO and Tg are associated with the hypothyroidism of Hashimoto's disease and primary myxoedema. However TPO antibodies (and to a lesser extent Tg antibodies) are also found in Graves' disease.This review summarises the current state of knowledge regarding the structure of the 3 thyroid autoantigens with particular emphasis on their interaction with auto-antibodies.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041051

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916939009041052

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1990

数据来源: Taylor