ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997094

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In order to know whether effector cells are capable of recognizing the epidermal targets in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and bullous pemphigoid (BP), non-adherent cells (NAC) of peripheral blood from 27 primary PV, 19 BP patients and 12 healthy volunteers were used in cytotoxic tests. Autologous, allogenic and murine epidermal keratinocytes as well as autologous and allogenic fibroblasts were employed as targets. Total esterase activity of serine proteinases was measured in supernatants of samples and the results obtained were compared with the data recieved in15Cr-release assay. These two techniques yielded similar results. The effector cells of PV and BP patients were found to lyse the epidermal target cells without presensitizationin vitro.Epidermal cells from involved and uninvolved skin of PV patients, as well as from perilesional skin of BP patients, were highly sensitive to cytotoxic effect on the part of effector cells. The NAC activity in BP was higher than in PV. On the one hand, the obtained data suggest that PV and BP patients develop autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, sensitized to pemphigus and pemphigoid antigens, respectively, and on the other hand that epidermocytes in pemphigus and pemphigoid patients turned to be more fragile compared to normal human epidermal keratinocytes. It was supposed that cell-mediated cytotoxic reactions are probably related to enhanced proteolytic activity in the site of bullous eruption.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997095

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We examined the production of and responsiveness to B cell growth factor (BCGF) by using proliferation assays in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We also studied the ability of SS B cells to respond to B cell stimulatory factors (BSF) by measuring the amount of IgG producedin vitro.SS patients showed normal production of and responsiveness to BCGF. They were also demonstrated to show a normal response to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC). In addition, cell surface antigens of B cells in the peripheral blood of SS patients were not altered compared with normal controls. However, SS B cells produced a significant amount of IgGin vitroin response to BSF stimulation with or without anti-IgM antibody. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the hyperresponsiveness of B cells to BSFin vitroand serum IgG level in SS. We, therefore, suggest that the enhanced response of B cells to BSF might contribute to polyclonal B cell activation in SS.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997096

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (aCAH) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are liver disorders occurring in childhood in which non-organ specific autoantibodies, such as anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) are frequently found. Antibodies to double stranded DNA (dsDNA), which are typically present in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have been detected in both acute and chronic liver diseases in adults. In this study, using a radioimmunoassay technique widely employed to measure antibodies to dsDNA, we have demonstrated significantly increased levels (median and range; 11.9, 1.0-36.5 U/ml) in 21 children with aCAH compared with normal children (1.0, 0.7-2.1 U/ml; p25 U/ml) and of these, three had ANA and two had anti-liver kidney microsomal antibody. In addition, one child had antibodies to dsDNA as detected by theCrithidia luciliaetest. DNA binding in aCAH was correlated with serum aspartate-amino transferase levels (r = 0.68; p<0.001), suggesting a direct relationship with disease activity. In PSC, levels of antibodies to dsDNA were significantly increased compared to normal controls (median and range; 7.0, 5.6-10.2 U/ml; p<0.01) but were not as high as those found in aCAH.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997097

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The source of variability in the outcome of islet cell antibody (ICA) determinations due to pancreas and serum were independently assessed with a quantitative assay. The effect of choice of pancreatic substrate and serum specimen was assessed by testing for parallelism among twenty-five dilution curves of five sera from diabetic subjects and five pancreata. The five by five format allowed for five tests of pancreatic variability (one serum against five pancreata) and five tests of serum variability (one pancreas against five sera). Analyses of variance and covariance of these dilution curves indicate that test outcome is affected by both the sera (5 tests, p values 10-6to 10-7) and the pancreas (5 tests, p values 10-3to 10-5). The data support heterogeneity among islet cell antibody isotypes and raise the possibility of diversity of islet cell antigens. Antigenic diversity of pancreatic substrates may interfere with inter- and intra-laboratory comparisons of islet cell antibody determinations. The strong effect of pancreas type on ICA outcome infers possible heterogeneity of the islet cell antigen(s) capable of reacting with human islet cell antibodies.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997098

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The immunoglobulin class, subclass and the k:λlight chain ratio of insulin autoantibodies were determined in the sera of twenty-four patients with insulin autoimmune syndrome. All sera proved to be of the IgG immunoglobulin class but exhibited various IgG1:IgG2:IgG3:IgG4ratios. The ratio of k:λlight chain ranged from 1:0.13 to 1:0.75 with the exceptions of two sera that were characterized as IgG1(k) and IgG1,(λ).

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997099

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Measurement of anti-DNA antibody activity has become a routine laboratory procedure of value in diagnosing and managing patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. However, there is no agreement as to the most suitable technique that should be employed. In this review, currently available assay procedures are critically evaluated with particular emphasis on accuracy, simplicity, reproducibility and ease of standardisation. The nitrocellulose filter technique appears to possess most of these qualities and is recommended as the standard assay for the measurement of anti-DNA activity in the clinical laboratory.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997100

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Gammaglobulins administered intramuscularly have been used for more than 40 years to treat antibody deficiency states. In the last decade intravenous preparations were developed. They do not aggregate and contain IgG molecules with intact recognition and effector functions. These compounds are safe and only minor side effects were reported even when high doses were given.While studying their effect when given in high doses to hypogammaglobulinemic patients, an accidental finding was observed regarding their beneficial effect in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This observation led to many studies looking at the effect of high dose gammaglobulin in several other autoimmune diseases. While the effect in acute ITP is well established, there are encouraging reports in respect to the effect of intravenous gammaglobulin in many other disorders, but no final conclusion can be drawn due to the small numbers of cases studied.The mechanism by which intravenous gammaglobulin exerts its function is still unclear. It may work through the Fc receptor in the reticuloendothelial system, as an immunoregulator agent or interact in the idiotype-antiidiotype network.Intravenous gammaglobulin seems to be an important therapeutic tool in a large number of autoimmune disorders of various etiologies.

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997101

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997102

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0891-6934    

DOI:10.3109/08916938908997103

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor