摘要:

Nurses' working hours are known to be one reason for high wastage rates. The early start of work seems to be particularly difficult. The aim of the present study was to examine which nursing tasks were performed during the time from 6:00 to 7:00 a.m. The study was conducted in a general hospital in Germany where such an early start of work is still common practice. An activity analysis was carried out using non‐participant observation. One surgical and one medical ward were used for comparison. The work on the wards was differently organized. The observed tasks were classified into direct care, indirect care, administrative, and other tasks. The distribution of these task categories over one hour and the percentage of time spent on these categories were compared. Both wards showed different working patterns and a different form of initiation of direct care (entering patients' rooms). Some possible reasons for these findings are offered and suggestions for further research are mad

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00224.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00225.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Theoretical and practical nursing has passed several different stages since the beginning of the 1920s (Meleis 1991). Each stage has helped nurses in their attempt to come closer in identifying the domain of nursing, defining its mission, and defining its theoretical base. During the stage of practice, dating from the late 19th and the early 20th century, the mission of nursing was defined as providing care and comfort, to enhance healing and a sense of well‐being, and to create a healthy environment (Nightingale 1859, Buhler‐Wilkerson 1991). The WHO goal of health for all (WHO 1988) and their requests to health professionals (Kaplun 1992) to take an active part in the public health are in line with the nursing historical tradition, important to improve upon, and calling for new stages, such as structure, integration, and reaching out (Meleis 19

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00226.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00227.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00228.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1994.tb00229.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY