ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00336.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the present study was to determine young adults' views on dental care. The gathered data were gleaned from interviews and analysed in accordance with comparative method. It was possible to discern the views from two perspectives: the patients' opinions regarding costs in relation to given functions within dental care, and the attitudes to given functions in dental care per se. Costs for information and service were deemed questionable, whereas the costs for examination and treatment were accepted. The patients' stance was active with respect to information and treatment, whereas a greater degree of passivity prevailed within the areas of examination and service. According to this report, maintaining cheap dental care rates was deemed important. The patients questioned having to pay for information perceived as irrelevant to dental care. They expressed a hidden wish to assume an active role while being given more information, and to exercise greater influence with reference to own dental care, but were not in the habit of stating their views to dental staff. Thus, continuous patient satisfaction studies are vital in order to meet this group's needs. One suggestion for further research is to study how young adults regard dental care based on the theory presented.

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00337.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this paper is to describe how relatives in the next generation to elderly patients in institutional care perceive the staff. The study was carried out using unstructured interviews lasting 60/90 min, followed by a semi‐structured interview lasting about 30 min for each participant. The interviews were analysed by thematic content analysis. The findings gave a picture of how seven relatives perceived the staff. On the whole, they were content with the physical care given, but they had some doubts about the psychological care. Some were worried about what to do during visiting time. Communication between relatives and staff was on a superficial level and concerned mostly practical matters, and it was the relative who had to take the initiative in interactions. The relatives found it very difficult to express criticism. The environment and the possibilities of being out of doors were of importance to the relatives, since they were aware that the nursing home was their parents' last home. The results of this study provide the impetus for further research on topics relating to relative/staff interactio

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00338.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We analyzed prospectively the incidence, the intrinsic and extrinsic factors and the consequences of falls during a 7‐month period in 4 institutions in Finland in 1993. A total of 370 falls among 160 patients were recorded. Of the fallers 56% fell once and 44% more than once (range 2–24). The mean fall rate in men was higher than that in women (p<0.01). Fallen men were younger but less ambulatory than women. Of the falls 95% occurred without eyewitnesses and 27% during the night shift; 30% (114/370) resulted in an injury and 7% (11/160) of the fallers suffered a fract

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00339.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this grounded theory study, which addressed the research question, ‘What strategies do nurses use to form client‐nurse partnerships,’ a variety of data sources were used. The first data set consisted of participant observation, and reports of focus groups formed as part of the ‘First International Conference on Nursing Theory and Primary Health Care’ at Massey University, New Zealand which was attended by an international group of 80 nurses in 1990. As an adjunct to the formal presentations, members of the focus groups addressed four questions: a) Is a nurse‐client partnership viable in primary care? b) What do you plan to do to promote this partnership? c) What do you think others should do? and d) What is the next step? Reports from these focus groups, pooled with questionnaires (n = 17) and informal interviews completed this data set. The central process that described participants' perceptions of the viability of nurse‐client partnerships was named reflective action. Ethical questions arose and were placed along a continuum of viability. A second data set consisted of interviews with, and selected literature by, Canadian nurses on partnerships in primary care. The perceptions of this international study group are seen as adding to our knowledge of barriers to nurse‐client partnerships in primary care, and strategies for transcending

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00340.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two questions were investigated: (1) whether cancer patients (n = 72) and staff (n = 63) have different cognitive representations of the concepts ‘caring’ (in Swedish: omvårdnad) and ‘clinical care’ (in Swedish: vård), and (2) whether two different wordings of the response categories used by patients and staff to rank the perceived importance of 50 specific caring behaviors (‘Old’ response format: ‘of importance’—‘of no importance’ vs ‘New’ format: ‘more or less important’) in relation to these concepts would produce different results. A Swedish questionnaire version of the CARE‐Q instrument was used. Participants were randomized to one of four research conditions: (1) Caring/Old, (2) Caring/New, (3) Clinical care/Old, and (4) Clinical care/New, and asked to rank the importance of the 50 CARE‐Q behaviors for that specific concept/response format combination. Results demonstrated that response formats did not affect patient or staff answers. Neither group did to any great extent value CARE‐Q behaviors differently when regarded as examples of ‘caring’ vs ‘clinical care’. The assumption that different cognitive representations of the concepts or that a specific wording of response categories had affected

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to discuss the concept and phenomenon of intuition in nursing. With an overview of theories of intuition in philosophy and empirical research as the starting point, the authors discuss the conceptualization of intuition in nursing. Concept analyses, intuition as phenomenological nursing knowledge, intuition as clinical knowledge and intuition as spiritual connection are discussed. The authors conclude that the conceptions of intuition in nursing differ with respect to their philosophical underpinnings and that it can be questioned whether ‘intuition’ is always a proper term for the kind of knowledge investigated. Intuition is seen as an important concept in nursing, but there are still philosophical as well as empirical and practical problems to investig

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00342.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to examine doctoral theses written by nurses on the same subject, namely diabetes. The five theses were published during three years. The text analysis emphasized the purposes, theoretical framing, methods for collection and analyzing the data, ways of presenting the texts and, finally, the references in the five theses. The findings indicate that the authors make use of different paradigms. Experimental approach was used in some theses and one thesis was based on grounded theory. Two theses could be said to be more concise than the others because they made use of only one technique each—physiological measurements and an open‐ended interview. The remainder used of a number of methods—in other words, they were eclectic in approach. The conclusion is that there is a freedom for nurse researcher to affiliate to different scientific traditions inside academia—the two in question here are biomedical research and interpretative traditions inside social science. The author encourage all researchers inside the nursing domain to subject herself to criticism and reflection to the same extent as she analyzes other people or phenomena in order to increase the epistemological awareness of the use of research tools, perspectives and t

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00343.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examines factors that contribute to work satisfaction among Swedish dental hygienists. A questionnaire was used to collect data on health, demographics, work‐history, work characteristics, work satisfaction, and social support at work. The questionnaire was mailed to 471 hygienists; 77.3% responded. 70% of the hygienists are highly or very satisfied with their work tasks. Active leisure and working in large cities were significantly related to high work satisfaction. The best linear regression model explained 48% of the variance in work satisfaction. Thirty percent of the variance was explained by work tasks perceived to be skills developing. Skills development in the profession appears low (median = 44%). After controlling work factors, work satisfaction increased with growing skills development for all hygienists, even for those less satisfied with their work. The findings suggest that the opportunities for developing professional skills should increase to improve satisfaction among dental hygienists. Measures should also be taken to improve the work climate, work stimulation, and job variation as well as reduce the collegial pressure at wor

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00344.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY