ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00044.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This article provides an overview of the development of Continence Advisory Services throughout the United Kingdom. A brief history of their development is described along with a current description of the different types of service available. Studies which have investigated the prevalence of regular urinary incontinence and successful management are also presented, from which a strategy based upon preliminary assessment of incontinence may be recommended.

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00045.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The purpose of this study was to investigate what concept of health was relevant for old people. Interviews were made with men and women aged over 60, institutionalised for somatic long‐term care. Data were gathered in unstructured interviews and analysed by means of the ethnonursing method. The interviewees' descriptions of health were arranged as a concept model, consisting of three hierarchical levels. The first level dealt with the possibility of living a fairly comfortable life. The second level was concerned with positive self‐esteem and the third and most crucial one described the existence or non‐existence of a mental state of mind defined as peace of mind. The results were compared with existing health definitions and psychological/philosophical theories. The conclusion was that health definitions stressing physical, mental, and social perfection were not relevant for old people, whereas multidimensional health models such as those of Eriksson and Smith appeared to be adequate measures in planning for old people. The comparison with Homburger Erikson's theory and with existentialism revealed many corresponding traits, which might explain some of the differences between the patients and might also give the hope of a possibility of adequate nursing support. Religion was no discriminating factor in this material. As the third level was presented as the most important one and nursing support seemed possible, further investigations were sugg

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00046.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The study examines how systematic teaching of nursing decision‐making process can develop nurses' decision‐making in practice. The study was carried out as action research. Teaching lasted five months. The subjects were measured by many methods at the beginning and at the end of the study. The results showed that by systematic teaching nurses can learn the identifying and understanding of decision‐making process as separate from the organisational factors in the work environment. The utilisation of this knowledge in nursing practice presupposes the support of the work enviro

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00047.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A qualitative research study was conducted for the purpose of gaining knowledge of the therapeutic relationship as experienced by the psychiatric nurse. Deinstitutionalisation of the mentally ill, one of the goals of the mental health policy in Sweden, has broadened the field for psychiatric nurses. Nursing education on an academic level has prepared the nurse theoretically for increased responsibility in a variety of psychiatric settings. A general psychiatric ward in a large mental institution was chosen for the field work in this study. A phenomenological perspective and aspects of Grounded Theory were combined in the research strategy of participant observation. Data were collected and analysed simultaneously. The emerging conceptual categories were abstracted to two core concepts, moral sensing and ideological conflict. These were seen as central themes of the nurse‐patient relationship as experienced by the psychiatric nurse. The nurse experienced that the dominant psychiatric ideology contradicted her own ideology. In order to reduce tension caused by this conflict, the nurse sought emotional support and encouragement from her co‐workers. Alliance with the group could be seen as one strategy to reduce tensions but not necessarily to solve moral issues. The implication of this study is that although there may be a change in attitudes and approaches to mental illness and health, there are areas in psychiatric nursing which have not been fully explored. The nurse experiences many conflicts which can be described as ideological. This indicates the need to examine further the value and belief system upon which ethical decision‐making is based and its effect on the nurse‐patient relationship in psychiatric

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00048.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 1987 a study was carried out at two upper secondary schools. The aim was to study the working conditions of teachers in a changing environment by interviewing different professionals in the school as well as students. In the last five years, the average age of students was found to have fallen by two to four years. Another finding was that the entrance requirements had been lowered, In the same five‐year period the drop‐out rates at one of the two schools had risen from 5/60 to 18/81. At the other school 5/30 dropped out in 1987. Many of the teachers interviewed reported their students to be open‐minded and spontaneous but at the same time too immature to work in the medicare sector, especially in the psychiatric field. A tendency appeared for teachers to take on a more curative and supportive role. The teachers maintained certain minimum standards and students who did not pass their examinations were required to wit

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00049.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In the 70s the concept burn‐out appeared in psychological literature on the helping professions. The concept has since then been ascribed several meanings, and critical voices have been raised against the lack of clarity and consensus in the definitions. The aim of this article was to critically examine the thinking on the concept of burn‐out. The helping professionals—nurses, welfare officers, psychologists, medical doctors, etc.—have expanded rapidly since the 60s. It is stated that the issues on which burn‐out researchers focus deserve the attention of social scientists in general. The major limitation in the literature on burn‐out is that there is little analysis of the role of society and social conditions in producing the phenomenon. It is suggested that sociological analyses may have a contribution t

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00050.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00051.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00052.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1990.tb00053.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY