ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to determine the long‐term effects on myocardial infarction (MI) patients of a six‐month comprehensive rehabilitation programme (CRP) conducted by an interdisciplinary team regarding cardiac events, physical and psychological conditions, life habits, and cardiac health knowledge. The results of a multivariate analysis carried out five years after the MI showed that cardiac events and psychological condition were not significantly influenced by the CRP. However, it was found that the physical condition of the patients benefited from the CRP; self‐reported physical fitness (p<0.002) and physical exercise test (p<0.007). CRP participation was linked to significant modifications of life habits (diet change; p<0.04, sexual activity; p<0.000). The cardiac health knowledge was significantly improved by participation in the CRP (basic cardiac knowledge; p<0.005; knowledge about misconceptions; p<0.04). In conclusion, CRPs have had positive long‐term effects on physical condition, life habits and cardiac health knowledge. No such effects, however, were found regarding either cardiac events or psychological co

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of the study was to provide knowledge, from a user perspective, about the selection process for assistive devices. Thirty‐eight persons who had suffered stroke were interviewed about their assistive devices, approximately one year after stroke. It was found that the patients had little influence on the choice of assistive devices and that the maintenance and follow‐up routines varied among patients. In some cases follow‐up was not done at all. Despite these deficits, the patients used their assistive devices as int

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Up to half of the stroke patients admitted to acute hospital wards become bed‐blockers. Investigations have been carried out in an effort to identify factors related to this problem. Very little is known about options which may lead to an alleviation of this problem. We investigated to what extent, in the opinions of professional representatives of six disciplines, home care can contribute to a solution. Sixty‐nine stroke patients who were actually blocking beds in an acute hospital ward were described and examined on paper by a multidisciplinary panel. These patients were all moderately to severely disabled and needed a high degree of help in activities of daily life (ADL) and household activities. Estimations of the number of patients who were judged to be suitable for home care varied, although there was a fair degree of agreement between panel members concerning those patients who could and those who certainly could not return to their homes. Concerning one‐third of the patients, the opinions of the caregivers diverged. Factors relating to the judgement of each panel member are identified. A method for selecting patients to be substituted to lower levels of care is suggested and disc

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The subject studied in this paper, describing uremic patients' use of coping strategies and their sense of coherence, was 48 consecutively selected patients with chronic renal failure at a Swedish hospital. The questionnaires used were the Jalowiec Coping Scale (JCS‐40) and the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC). The results showed that the patients used a variety of coping strategies, such as maintaining control, finding out more about the situation and hoping. In the use of coping styles, the confrontational style was the most favoured one, compared with the palliative and the emotive styles. There was a significant distinction between the predialysis patients and those on dialysis treatment concerning the use of strategies and coping styles. Patients on dialysis treatment showed significantly higher scores in overall strategies and in confrontational and palliative coping styles. The results revealed significant correlations between the JCS and the SOC scores, age and duration of kidney disease. Knowledge of the patients' commonly used coping strategies and sense of coherence is important when nursing care is being planned for the patien

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00317.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a difference in functional status between younger and elderly people referred to an orthopaedic clinic for total joint replacement. A total of 709 patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee (aged 27–91 years) and 42 healthy controls (aged 42–83 years) were examined with a new Functional Assessment System (FAS) for lower extremity dysfunction. Age effects were explored by one‐way analysis of variance. Older people showed higher dysfunction scores in almost all variables, with the exception of pain, where there was an inverse relationship, i.e, old people had lower disability scores. This age‐related increase in disability scores was not observed in the control group. Old people seem to be referred for joint replacement on different grounds from those of younger people, despite the fact that age was not included in the criteria for arthroplasty. The results may indicate a hidden, age‐related criterion in the selection of patients for arthroplasty. Different interpretations are

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the study was to describe the views held by staff (n = 233) in long‐term care on what they regard as a violation of patient's integrity and to define the concept “integrity” in simple terms. The design of the investigation was inductive. The answers were coded into 775 items. Agreement was reached between the authors on 770 of the items when sorted into 13 categories: the unique personality, autonomous self, personal opinions, secret self, personal competence, professional self, family self, cultural self, information self, personal properties, private territory, corporal self, and ridiculing. The number of categories shows a great variation in the ordinary language definitions given by staff. It was also shown in two other ways: the difference in the level of abstraction in the items, and the fact that integrity referred to the patient, directly or indirectly. Our conclusion is that integrity by the staff reflects an ethical value and not a personal trait. If the staff have to violate the patient's integrity, because other vital values are involved, it is absolutely essential that they consider the ethical aspects of the situation carefully. Such violation demands that they preserve their respect for the patient to the greatest extent possible. It seems important in the training of different staff groups to show the complexity in the concept “integrity” and the ethical dilemmas that arise, especially in the interaction with vulnerable patients who are not able to protect and maintain their own

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aims of this study were, first, to provide descriptive data on the perception of psychological well‐being one year after surgery in a group of patients treated for gastro‐intestinal cancer; secondly, to compare aspects of psychological well‐being between the group of patients living with other chronic diseases, and thirdly, to determine whether the perceptions of psychological well‐being were related to coping capabilities. Sixty‐nine patients with gastro‐intestinal cancer and 20 patients with ostomies due to Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis participated in the study. The most interesting finding in this study was that the cancer patients with a strong sense of coherence perceived their well‐being as better than did the patients with a weaker sense of coherence. Other interesting findings were the differences in psychological well‐being between younger (<67 years) and older (≥ 67 years) cancer patients and between the younger cancer patients and non‐cancer patients with ostomies. The young perceived their well‐being as poorer than that of the old and the cancer patients rated their sense of psychological well‐being as poorer than that of the patients with ostomies. It is concluded that nurses should focus their attention not only on the patients' physical well‐being but also on their psychological well‐being. Specific consideration should be given to the psychological needs

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study illustrates some characteristics of the quality of life in old age when ageing is seen as a continued human development. In the Kungsholmen Project 87 healthy elderly persons were asked about the quality of their lives. Allardt's definition of quality of life was used as the conceptual framework for the content analysis. The findings indicate that the dimensions oflovingandbeing, as Allardt describes them, take on a different meaning and the material things in thehavingdimension become less important. The differences point to another meaning of the quality of life in old age. The emphasis is on health and independence, contentment and a peaceful life, personal integrity in terms of a moral and a caring attitude. The findings tend to be in accordance with the successful ageing as described in Erikson's theory of psychosocial development and in Tornstam's theory of gerotranscendence. To gain a deeper understanding of this complex phenomenon, qualitative methods which go beyond definitions are required.

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00321.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hospital beds have to fulfil many demands, and the features of the bed will consequently affect the comfort of both paients and staff at the ward. In the present study the use of hospital beds at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Göteborg was investigated. The study was performed in two somatic wards; one general surgery ward and one internal medicine. The exact time of the observations as well as the categories of usage and activities performed on and at the bedside by the caring staff and the patients were registered. The study shows that there is a substantial difference between the two wards. In the surgery ward, the beds to a great extent play an active part in medical therapy and treatment, whereas beds in the medicine ward are used for vegetative recovery such as sleep, rest and alimentation. The personnel spent only a few hours with the patients, while they were in their beds, most of the caring occurring away from the bed. The results of the present study concerning how beds are utilized in modern hospital care should be considered when purchasing and designing hospital beds

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1996.tb00322.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY