ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The subjective perception of professional self was studied for a sample of Medical Laboratory Technologists (MLTs) employed in Clinical Chemistry in Sweden. The sample (N= 488) consisted of a randomized tenth of members of their trade union. A mailed questionnaire with 21 items concerning self‐description compared with peers in a seven‐point Likert type scale was completed by 332 (68%). There was no significant overall difference concerning the four principal types of workplace: Clinical Chemistry, Blood Serology, Primary Care and Clinical Chemistry/Blood Serology. The main difference was found between those in managerial posts (N= 72) and the other MLTs (N= 260). Factor analysis showed three principal components, labelled Professionalism, Work Ethic, and Empathy, but also a different composition of variables of the components for the manager group compared with the non‐manager

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The experiences of a cohort of 60 women receiving chemotherapy in treatment of breast cancer were monitored in an in‐depth prospective study. The purpose of the investigation was to identify ways in which nurses could improve the preparation and support of patients undergoing chemotherapy. It was found that patients' knowledge of chemotherapy was limited and that the side‐effects they experienced, and their reactions to these, were rather different and more diverse than had been expected. The study illustrates the value of exploringpatients' perceptions of their problems and needs for information and supp

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This paper reports variation in birth interventions by 25 midwives among 2 135 births in a Finnish hospital. The rate of cesarean sections varied from 0 to 18%, and that of instrumental deliveries from 0 to 8%. Mother's and infant̂s characteristics and rates of vaginal breeches suggest that a low rate of cesarean sections was not explained only by selection to easy births. This study suggests that the skills, attitudes and routines of midwives may explain part of the variation found in birth interventions

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.As part of the project Perioperative Risk,—an epidemiological study of complications associated with surgical and orthopaedic operations—the article reports a study of patients' perception of their involvement in decisionmaking in medical consultations, and how the outcomes of surgery and subsequent care determine patients' evaluation of the treatment. Patients' view of their involvement in the decision‐making process was obtained before as well as after surgery. The results reveal that the more satisfied the patients were with the outcome of the operation, and the post‐operative situation, the more they were inclined to assume responsibility for the decision to have surgery. The opposite response pattern, indicating a negative evaluation of either the operation or the post‐operative care, resulted in an outcome where patients described others—especially the physician—as being responsible for the decision to have surgery. The results suggest that patients' evaluations of surgery are based upon a more global reaction to what happened during the entire care process. Dissatisfaction with either the operation or the post‐operative care leads to a negative outcome in terms of patients' perceptions of their own involvement. This emphasizes the importance of all health care professionals seeing themselves as a team with complementary responsibilities for success

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In order to investigate the effect of nursing investigations based on diagnostic reasoning and research findings on vocally disruptive behaviour in a severely demented patient a single subject study was set up. The nursing diagnoses described problems that seemed connected with sensory deprivation and care that had not been adapted to the patient̂s abilities. The vocally disruptive behaviour decreased when the nursing treatment plan was followed. When the caregivers stopped following the care plan the disruptive behaviour increased. Another intervention was made and once again the disruptive behaviour decreased. In conclusion the study showed that nursing diagnoses and orders were not enough. The caregivers must also understand the importance of following the care plan and cope with the emotional reactions evoked by the care. Effective leadership, regular supervision of and support to the caregivers seem necessary

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.This study was based on the assumption that the daily report between different caregivers are of great importance for the quality of the care delivered and that they guide the content of it. The staff of a nursing home ward were given training in integrity promoting care and special training in reporting. After a three months' intervention period effects on patients and staff were evaluated and compared with a control ward. Positive patient outcomes have been reported earlier. The aim of this study was to describe the content of the oral daily reports between staff members in long‐term care and investigate whether some changes occurred after training that might have contributed to the positive results for the patients. Another aim was to assess whether the staff regarded the reports as satisfactory.Oral reports were tape‐recorded before and after staff training. A content analysis by a scheme based on Henderson's description of components of nursing care and a form analysis based on the nursing process were made. The reports were highly task oriented and the staff often discussed the patients' reaction in vague and general terms. The steps of the nursing process did not seem to be used. The answers to a questionnaire about the staff's satisfaction with the oral reports showed some increasing dissatisfaction and also comments about needs of more collaboration between different groups of personnel.More messages were given per report after the intervention compared to the control ward and the messages with psychosocial content had doubled. Thus the oral reports between staff had gone through some changes that could have contributed to the positive effects for the patients and on the interaction between patients and st

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The study determined intrinsic factors which contributed to the falls of adults hospitalized in a general hospital during 1987–88. Two hundred and fourteen patients were studied in two groups. Group A consisted of 108 patients who fell during their hospitalization and control Group B consisted of 106 patients with the same characteristics also hospitalized during the same period who did not fall. Of the 23 variables which have been analyzed by the multivariate logistic regression method, seven present statistically significant incidence and increased risk of patients' falls: (1) gender: the number of accidents occurring among male patients was higher than that among females (p= 0.0022); (2) age: the majority of accidents occurred in the 65 ≥ years old age group (p= 0.00426); (3) general pathological conditions: mostly patients with cardiac problems (p=0.0062); (4) neoplasms (p=0.0334); (5) anaemias (p=0.0128); (6) postoperative conditions (p=0.0063); and the taking of hypnotic/tranquilizer drugs (p= 0.0486). Other significant findings were: the highest incidence of falls occurred during the first 4 days of the patients' admission to hospital and most during the early morning hours (5–6 am). Injuries incurred were bruises (32.4%), minor injuries (24%), major injuries (16.7%) and fractures (10.2%). The high correlation between patients' falls and (1) specific diseases, namely neoplasms, anaemias, cardiac and post‐operative conditions and (2) the taking of hypnotic/ tranquilizer drugs are risk factors in relation to patients' falls in general ho

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Caring science is seeking a basic category or the primary form of caring, the focus of caring science which includes the meaning of caring. Caring science does not deny the presence of suffering, even though it aims at soundness and health; suffering is the point from which it begins. Not until the patient has come to terms with his suffering can he hope to recover. Suffering is the most important basic category of all caring. It gives caring a unique quality and soundness and is something which all forms of caring aim to alleviate. Real caring is not just an abstract idea, philosophy or ideology, it is concrete work confronting suffering in real situations.

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0283-9318    

DOI:10.1111/j.1471-6712.1992.tb00135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY