摘要:

SynopsisThe lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase has been characterized and quantified in tapestrip biopsies of human stratum corneum by means of a sensitive spectrofluorometric procedure. When the stratum corneum of panellists was exposed to dilute solutions of various surfactants under realistic exposure conditions, the changes observed in stratum corneum acid phosphatase specific activity have been found to correlate very closely with the visual, macroscopic changes such as dryness and flakiness, that are elicited in skin as a result of surfactants. This method monitors denaturation of stratum corneum proteins, which is an important feature of skin surfactant interactions, and serves as an effective, non‐invasive predictive tool for skin irritancy and mildness of surfactants.Prevention et mesure de l'action des tensio‐actifs sur la peau humaine dans des conditions conformes a la ré

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1984.tb00384.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisA new route for the synthesis of long chainNα‐acyl‐l‐α‐amino‐ω‐guamdine alkyl acid derivatives, with cationic or amphoteric character has been established. The general formula of these compounds is shown below.A physico‐chemical and antimicrobial study of these products as a function of the alkyl ester or sodium salt (R), the straight chain length of the fatty acid residue (x) and the number of carbons between the ω‐guanidine andω‐carboxyl group (n) has been investigated.The water solubility, surface tension, critical micelle concentration (c.m.c.) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria (including Pseudomonas) has been determined.Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide has been used to condense fatty acids andα‐amino‐ω‐guanidine alkyl acids. In these conditions protection of the ω‐guanidine group is not necessary. The main characteristic of this synthetic procedure is the use of very mild experimental conditions (temperature, pH) to form the amide linkage which leads to pure optical compounds in high yield in the absence of electrolytes.The results show that some structural modifications, particularly the protection of the carboxyl group, promote variations of the surfactant and antimicrobial properties. Only those molecules with the blocked carboxyl group (cationic molecules, where R = Me, Et or Pr) showed a good surfactant and antimicrobial activity. When the carboxyl group was unprotected (amphoteric molecules, where R = Na+)

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1984.tb00385.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisA method of determining qualitatively and quantitatively hexamidine, dibromohexamidine, dibromopropamidine and chlorhexidine in cosmetic products by means of paired ion, reverse‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultraviolet detection (UV) at 264 nm.Détermination de l'hexamidine, du dibromohexamidine, du dibromopropamidine et de la chlorhexidine dans les produits cosmé

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1984.tb00386.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisToiletries are the subgroup of cosmetics mainly used for cleansing and personal hygiene of the skin, the hair or the dentition. Some of these preparations may be considered also to have medicinal characteristics and are liable to be placed in a ‘borderline’category which may have regulatory implications.Predictive safety testing is designed to ensure as far as possible that new toiletries may be used without harm to health. Attention to the severity of adverse effects rather than their numerical incidence is necessary when assessing risks associated with toiletry use. Benefits derived from using toiletries are primarily concerned with personal hygiene and grooming, to give increased self‐assurance and social acceptance. The relationship between benefit and risk is not easily described in mathematical terms, mainly because benefits from using toiletries are hard to quantify. However, other ways of studying risk in relation to benefit may be considered.Évaluation des risques du produits d'hygiène co

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1984.tb00387.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1984.tb00388.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY