摘要:

SynopsisNumerous studies discuss the important development of free radicals in human skin after exposure to UV irradiation. They suggest that these reactive molecules are responsible for sun‐accelerated cutaneous aging.We reproduced two types of radical agression on cutaneous human cell cultures. The first brings into action oxygen radicals generated by hypoxanthine‐xanthine oxidase system and the second involves the use of UV radiation. These complementary models may be used as screening methods for antioxidant molecule research because they allow the distinction between molecules with filtering properties and free radical scavengers. The possibility of introducing molecules at different stages (before, during and after exposure to agression) permits the study of the molecular mecanism. These models were tested on silymarin, catechin, ascorbic acid and alpha tocophe

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1990.tb00525.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisPatients with contact dermatitis were patch tested for sensitivity to perfumes (perfume mixture, balsam of Peru) and to preservatives (formaldehyde). The percentages of sensitivity in Greek patients with contact dermatitis were 8.1% for the perfume mixture, 3.7% for the balsam of Peru and 2.3% for formaldehyde. It is notable that 1.4% of the patients demonstrated simultaneous sensitivity to the perfume mixture and to balsam of Peru, while no case of simultaneous sensitivity occurred for formaldehyde and the two other compounds. Factors such as sex, age, occupation and anatomic site of the appearance of dermatitis in patients were taken into account and related to the percentages of sensitivity.Comparing with the literature we have concluded that the frequency of appearance of sensitivity by Greek patients is not significantly different from the average observed for patients in Northern or Southern Europe.

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1990.tb00526.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisAn automated goniophotometer has been built to investigate the scattering of light by different types of singly mounted human hair fibres using white light and laser illumination. The effects that varying hair colour and treatment (gold coating, ultraviolet irradiation and dyeing) have on the specular reflectance and on the half‐peak‐height width (ω) have been studied. The polarization of light has been used to discriminate between light reflected from the front surface and light scattered internally by the hair. It has been found that the analysis of results from individual hair fibres has been useful in understanding the light scattering mechanisms which occur in human

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1990.tb00527.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SynopsisThe critical micelle contration (CMC) of silicone surfactants was determined to provide their optimal efficiency in emulsion systems. The lowest CMC value was found for the amphionic polysiloxane polyorganobetaine copolymer, which is undoubtedly the consequence of electrostatic repulsion preventing the aggregation of ionized molecules. Also the nonionic surfactants (polydimethyl siloxane polyethers) showed some differences: the surfactant with polyethylene oxide side chain is more effective compared to the polyethylene‐polypropylene oxide side chain.The results of miscibility testing of silicone surfactants with common components of emulsions and creams confirm that not only silicone oils, but also silicone surfactants, should be considered as both explicitly hydrophobic and non lipophilic.The stability of emulsions containing silicone surfactants prepared by cold emulsification supported the incorporation of polyelectrolyte sodium carboxymethylcellulose, which increased viscosity of the continuous phase and prevented coalescence.The physical stability testing of prepared emulsions confirms that the used methods ‐ centrifugation, particle size analysis and the observation of ageing at room (20–25°C) and elevated temperature (40°C) ‐ give comparabl

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1990.tb00528.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0142-5463    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-2494.1990.tb00529.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY