摘要:

AbstractAfter an 8‐day‐old child had died with clinical signs of septicemia, 6 other newborns fell ill. Virus was isolated from various sites from all the 6 children (28 isolations). The agent was identified by cross neutralization tests as an antigenic variant of Echovirus 11. The agent could not be isolated from mothers or nursery staff (49 people). We therefore tried to trace the path of infection by isolating specific IgM and IgG antibodies. A laboratory infection by the agent isolated enabled the time pattern of the serologic immune response to be roughly determined. The data collected indicate that the infection spread through close contact between the affected newborns and nurses working in the newborn room. Rigorous hygienic and isolation measures, initiated immediately, appeared to interrupt the spread of infect

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFastidious enteral adenoviruses (EAds) recovered from infants with diarrhea were studied to determine the basis for their inability to propagate efficiently in conventional cell lines. By immunofluorescence microscopy, only rare EAd‐infected KB and HeLa cells were shown to synthesize detectable levels of virion proteins. Sedimentation of Hirt‐extracted DNAs in sucrose gradients and DNA hybridization analyses demonstrated that EAd DNA synthesis is highly restricted in HeLa cells. Some early gene functions seem to be expressed, however, because EAds can help adenovirus‐associated viruses (AAV). Thus, EAd replication in conventional cell lines is blocked at an early step in its growth

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing radiolabeled purified hepatitis B surface anligen and human liver slices, the affinity of hepatitis B virus to its host organ was evaluated. Saturable adsorption of thel25I‐HBSAg complex to liver was demonstrated over both time and complex concentration which could be blocked by excess unlabeled antigen. The specific binding was not found using hurnan pancreas, lung, or kidney tissue. Correspondingly, no specific binding could be found for murine liver but it could be deinonslrated with woodchuck liver. The woodchuck is a natural host for one of the newly described hepatitis B‐like viruses which is antigenically cross‐reactive with the B

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFifty women were examined after delivery for the prevalence of antibodies to human cytomegalovirus in colostrum and sera. Eighty percent of them had specific CMV IgG antibodies in the sera, as determined by the immunoperoxidase antibody to membrane antigen (IPAMA) technique. Of the CMV‐seropositive women, 60% had specific CMV IgA antibodies in high titer in the colostrum as determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In only two of the seropositive women were specific CMV IgA antibodies detected in the sera as well. The significance of specific CMV IgA antibodies in colostrum as protection against perinatal infection and the mechanism of this production will be discus

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferences in the clearance values of polyvinylpyrrolidonc (KPVP) and HBs antigen (KHBs) were seen in several strains of inbred mice. In addition, in all strains studied KHBswas greater in females than in males, while KPVPwas not significantly different in the two sexes. In the strain with the lowest KHBsvalues, the incidence of HBs antibody formation was lower than in the other strains.These data indicate that genetic and sex‐linked factors influence nonimmune clearance of HBs antigen in mice. If similar factors exist in man they may explain some of the variation in clinical manifestation of HBV infectio

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA study was carried out to determine whether hepatitis A virus (HAV) can be detected in the stools of patients hospitalized for HAV infection. Acute phase samples of whole blood and stool, as well as completed questionnaires, were obtained from 31 patients hospitalized at any of 13 hospitals in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Blood specimens were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), IgG antibody to HAV (IgG anti‐HAV), and IgM antibody to HAV (IgM anti‐HAV). Stools were tested for HAV by radioimmunoassay. Five patients (16.1%) had acute hepatitis B, five (16.1%) had acute non‐A/non‐B hepatitis, and 21 (67.7%) had acute hepatitis A. Of these 21 patients with acute hepatitis A, 11 (52.4%) were found to have HAV in their stools. These results confirm the potential for infectivity of stools of patients hospitalized for hepatitis A and emphasizes the need for caution when dealing with such

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sensitive radioimmunoassay was developed for specific detection of IgM antibodies to the hepatitis B virus‐associated δ antigen. The test is based on the selective absorption of IgM by anti–IgM fixed on a solid phase.Transient primary IgM anti4 responses with no conversion to a secondary IgG response were observed in acute self–limited δ infection. IgM anti‐δ was invariably found in hepatitisBsurface antigen (HBsAg) carriers with active δ infection and liver disease, while it was absent in HBsAg‐positive or negative individuals with anti‐δ of IgG class but without liver damage or intrahepatic δ antigen.IgM anti‐δ appears useful in defining the epidemiology of acute δ infection and in the serological diagnosis of active δ disease from nonpathogen

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report a prospective study on infants born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers to estimate the incidence of perinatal transmission of HBV and HBV‐associated delta agent in Northern Italy. The risk of infection to the infant was related to the presence of the HBe antigen‐antibody system, HBV‐specific DNA polymerase activity and antibody to delta in maternal sera, and to the titer of anti‐HBe in babies at birth. The data of this study indicate:1. Babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers with HBeAg in serum are at extremely high risk of acquiring HBV infection and of developing a chronic carrier state, whereas those born to anti‐HBe‐positive mothers are at a lower (P<.01) yet consistent risk of infection.2. HBs antigenernia is usually prolonged and symptomatic in babies born to HBeAg–positive mothers while being self‐limited and asymptomatic in babies born to anti‐HBe‐positive mothers.3. DNA polymerase activity in maternal serum appears to be the most sensitive marker predicting HBV transmission to the infant since it was detected in all the HBeAg‐positive mothers and also in two anti‐HBe‐positive mothers and in one HBeAg/anti‐HBe‐negative mother who transmitted infection to their babies.4. High titers of anti‐HBe (up to 1:103) do not prevent HBV infection.5. Vertical transmission of delta infection seems to occur only in circumstances that permit perinata

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NPEC) were collected from 144 infants and children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and were analyzed by fluorescent antibody techniques for the presence of cell‐bound complement (C/3), IgA, IgC, and IgM class of immunoglobulins (Ig), and respiratory syncytial virus antigen. Viral antigen was present on the surface of NPEC in 100% of samples obtained in the first 3 days of illness. The percentage of patients positive for RSV antigen declined steadily, so that no patient still expressed viral antigen on NPEC by 57 days after the onset of illness. Cell‐bound IgA, IgC, and IgM could be detected in most of the samples tested in the first 13 days after the onset of illness. Subsequently, the frequency of detection of cell‐bound Ig gradually declined. Only 8–3 3 % of patients tested 57 days after the onset of illness expressed IgA, IgG, or IgM on NPEC. About 45% of samples tested in the first 8 weeks after the onset of illness exhibited complement binding to NPEC. The percentage of subjects showing cell‐bound C/3reached a maximum at 8–13 says after the onset of illness, while cell–boundC/3could not be detected in any of the samples collected 57–90 days after the onset of illness. Although cell‐bound C/3was generally present in association with cell‐bound Ig on NPEC, in a small percentage (4.6%) of patients cell‐boundC/3could be detected in the absence of any cell–bound Ig. Cell‐boundC/3and IgA, IgG, and IgM were present with equal frequency in patients with all forms of clinical disease caused by RSV, and in patients less than or greater than 6 months of ag

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY