摘要:

AbstractClinically diagnosed exophytic condylomatous lesions on the vulva (20 cases), vagina (5 cases), and cervix (9 cases) were examined pathologically, and human papillomavirus (HPV) types present in those lesions were identified by Southern blot hybridization analysis. All vulvar and vaginal lesions showed typical histopathological features of classical condylomata, and HPV 6 and 11 were found in 15 vulvar and 3 vaginal lesions and in 5 vulvar and 2 vaginal lesions, respectively. In 5 cervical lesions with typical condylomatous changes, HPV 6 or 11 was also detected; however, HPV 16 was found in 2 cases of cervical lesion surrounded by prominent intraepithelial neoplasia, and HPV 31 was found in 2 cases of slightly elevated lesion with intraepithelial neoplasia. These observations suggest that HPV 6 and 11 have the potency to induce the specific pathological changes, condylomatous, in any regions of the female lower genital tract.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA BALB/c model of respiratory syncytial virus infection has been developed in which hightitered replication occurs in lung, immunological infiltrates in lung can be detected histologically, and illness can be consistently reproduced. The immunodeterminants of RSV reinfection in this system were investigated by rechallenging mice with RSV early (less than 2 months after primary infection) and late (16 to 21 months after primary infection) and correlating illness and titer of RSV isolated from lungs and noses with RSV‐specific serological responses and lung histology. After early rechallenge, RSV was cleared within 24 hours from both nose and lung. After late rechallenge, RSV was isolated at 72 hours from nose in 21/24 mice, but from lung in only 5/24 mice. Isolation of RSV from lung after rechallenge was associated with low RSV‐specific antibody titers measured by ELISA and plaque‐reduction neutralization. The presence of lymphocyte aggregates around the bronchovascular bundles was associated with inability to isolate RSV from lung and lack of illness. The basophilic lymphocytes were small and uniform in size with dense nuclei and a small amount of cytoplasm. These studies demonstrate that nasal and pulmonary reinfection with RSV is possible in mice after late rechallenge. The studies also indicate the potential importance of RSV‐specific antibody in protecting lung from rein

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFrozen cryostat sections and sera from 30 patients with chronic delta infection were examined for pre‐S1 and pre‐S2 gene‐encoded proteins, and the results were compared to markers in liver and serum HBV and HDV replication. Pre‐S1 and pre‐S2 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IF) in the liver in all 26 patients with histochemically demonstrable HBsAg. Pre‐S peptides were found by double IF to have a predominantly cytoplasmic expression and to be located in the same hepatocytes expressing HBsAg. Liver cells expressing hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) were frequently negative or very weakly positive for HBsAg and pre‐S peptides, but occasional HDAg positive hepatocytes were also strongly positive for HBsAg and for pre‐S peptides, particularly pre‐S2. Circulating pre‐S1 was detected in 24 patients (80%) and pre‐S2 in 27 (90%). Detection of pre‐S peptides in liver and serum was independent of HBV and HDV replication and of the HBV‐DNA integration state. There was no correlation between the amount of circulating pre‐S peptides and serum HBV‐DNA and HDV‐RNA. These results indicate that in chronic HDV infection, formation and secretion of pre‐S peptides and of HBsAg occur independently of HBV and HDV replication and secretion. They further indicate that in the acquisition by replicating HDV of an HBV‐derived envelope in the liver, both HBsAg and pre‐S peptides are concomitantly available but circulating HDV‐RNA is not invariably associated with

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPolyclonal antiserum to anEscherichia coli‐produced beta‐galactosidase/E4 fusion protein of human papillomavirus type 6b (antiserum 256), and affinity purified HPV 11 anti‐E4 antibodies were tested for reactivity in Western blots with bacterially expressed trpE/E4 fusion proteins of HPV types 6b, 11, 16, and 18. To further characterize the affinity purified anti‐E4 antibodies, a dot‐immunobinding assay was performed using overlapping synthetic HPV 11 ETE4 peptides as antigens. Protein extracts of condylomata acuminatum from 18 patients containing HPV type 6 or 11 DNA sequences were tested in Western blots using antiserum 256 or affinity purified HPV 11 anti‐E4 antibodies.In the Western blots of the trpE proteins, antiserum 256 identified the HPV types 6b and 11 fusion proteins; the affinity purified HPV 11 anti‐E4 antibodies identified only the HPV 11 fusion protein. In the dot‐immunobinding assay, three HPV 11 peptides were recognized, each containing a shared 8 amino acid sequence that differs significantly from the corresponding sequences of HPV types 6b, 16, or 18. In the Western blots of protein extracts from 18 condylomata acuminatum samples shown to contain HPV types 6 or 11 DNA, putative E4 gene products were identified in six samples by antiserum 256. The affinity purified HPV 11 anti‐E4 antibodies identified putative E4 gene products in one of these same six lesions, which was shown to contain HPV 11 sequences by the Southern blot method. All six samples containing E4 gene products were from women. Three of these women were pregnant, one had serum antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus, and one was a renal transplant recipient receiving glucocorticoids.This study suggests that unique antigenic sites exist in E4 gene products of HPV types 6 and 11 that distinguish them from other HPV types. Antisera to bacterially expressed E4 fusion proteins can detect putative E4 gene products of HPV types 6 and 11 in condylomata acuminatum from certain patients infected with these HPV types. It may be possible to produce reagents that will detect HPV E4 gene products in a type specific manner in those tissues where these proteins are expressed. These reagents should be useful in determining the conditions leading to E

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOropharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 89 infants hospitalized with respiratory illnesses accompanied or not by diarrhea and 33 control patients without the diseases. Rotavirus was detected from 25 of these patients by immunocytology, isolation of the virus in cultures of MA104 cells, or both. None of the control patients gave a positive result. The infection involves squamous cells and globlet cells probably originating from the oropharynx, and ciliated columnar epithelial cells from the respiratory tract. The virus from 2 specimens was propagated by repeatedly passaging in the cultures and found to have characteristic morphology of rotavirus. The electrophoretic patterns of the viral RNA extracted from them are closely similar to those obtained with the rotavirus genome extracted from the stool of the same patients. Repeated stool specimens were also obtained, and sera were paired from some of these subjects. All but one of the patients who gave a positive virology for their aspirates also showed a significant rise in the titres of common group A rotavirus antibody, neutralizing antibody against one or more of serotypes of rotavirus, or both. Patients who excreted rotavirus in their stools were younger and had significantly lower titres of rotavirus antibodies in their acute sera, than those who shedded the virus in the oropharynx but did not excrete the virus in repeated stool specimens. The prevalence of rotavirus in the oropharyngeal aspirates from these patients surpassed that of adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, and herpes simplex virus combined.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo facilitate understanding of human rhinovirus (HRV) pathogenesis, methods were developed for detection of HRV infection in vitro using in situ hybridization (ISH). HRV‐14 RNA probes and oligonucleotide probes representing conserved sequences in the 5′‐non‐translated region were labeled with35S and used to detect infected HeLa or WI‐38 strain human embryonic lung cells in cytological preparations. ISH was shown to be specific for detection of HRV on a single‐cell basis. Subsequently, in human nasal polyps infected in vitro, both oligonucleotide‐ and riboprobes produced a strong signal in association with ciliated epithelial cells. In human adenoids infected in vitro, a signal was observed in nonciliated epithelial cells. This study shows that HRV replicates in ciliated cells in the epithelium of human nasal polyps infected in vitro, and the presence of viral RNA in non‐ciliated cells of the human adenoid infected in vitro suggests that other cell types may also support rhinovi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma (PLC/PRF/5 and Hep3B) or hepatoblastoma (Hep G2) cell lines by inclusion of deferoxamine mesylate (desferrioxamine) (DFX) in the culture medium was evaluated. When PLC/PRF/5 cells were maintained for 7 days in 30 or 60 μM DFX, the cell number was decreased by 30–60%, little or no α‐fetoprotein (AFP) was produced, and supernatant endpoint dilution titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were reduced 1–2 logs. PLC/PRF/5 cells maintained for 7 days without DFX (simultaneous controls) grew to confluence, produced AFP that reached 10–60 ng/ml in the supernate, and the HBsAg titer remained constant or increased 1 log. Similar effects were observed in Hep3B and Hep G2 cells maintained in DFX (except that Hep G2 cells do not produce HBsAg), compared to simultaneous control cells grown in the absence of DFX. The growth of a human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (WI‐38) was not significantly inhibited by DFX, although it grew at a slower rate than simultaneous control cells grown without DFX. Subsequent growth in FeSO4, of PLC/PRF/5, Hep3B, and Hep G2 cells that previously had been maintained in DFX did not reverse the effects of DFX. PLC/PRF/5 cells were also inhibited when maintained in medium containing equimolar concentrations of DFX and FeCl3, and in medium containing equimolar concentrations of DFX and FeSO4,. PLC/PRF/5 cells were not inhibited by maintenance in up to 60 μM of another chelating agent that has a similar affinity for iron, calcium disodium versenate (EDTA). These studies show that DFX inhibits the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma cell lines regardless of the presence (PLC/PRF/5, Hep3B) or absence (Hep G2) of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA. The findings also suggest that the inhibition may have been due to mechanisms other than ir

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA dual viremia resulting from naturally acquired dengue 1 and dengue 3 infections in six patients experiencing a dengue‐like syndrome during the epidemic in New Caledonia in 1989 is reported. Serotype identification was first based on virus isolation in mosquito cells and immunofluorescence using type‐specific monoclonal antibodies. The double infection was confirmed directly in blood samples by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on genomic RNA and hybridization of the amplified cDNA fragments with type‐specific DNA p

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new assay for HIV reverse transcriptase activity inhibiting antibodies (RTI‐ab) was used for the analysis of a large collection of sera sampled before and after confirmation of HIV infection. In this assay HIV‐RT was preincubated with diluted serum, after which residual RT activity was determined by a technique using a template coupled to macrobeads and125l‐lodo‐deoxyuridine‐triphosphate as the tracer‐substrate. Of the 936 sera analysed, 818 were found positive for RTI‐ab, and 824 were positive in Western blot (Wb). The prevalence of RTI‐ab compared to Wb was therefore 99.3%. The corresponding figure for 930 sera analysed for envelope‐ab, i.e., gp41‐ab, was 823 positive, and of these 930 sera 815 were Wb positive, giving a comparative prevalence of 101%. In contrast, only 678 samples of 993 analyzed for core ab, i.e., p24, were positive, giving a prevalence of 77.0% as 880 of these samples were Wb positive. Thus, RTI‐ab was as prevalent as gp41‐ab, and although the analyses of RTI‐ab amounts in different stages showed decreasing levels in stage IV compared to stages II or III, all of the sera except 1 were found positive in stages III and IV. Further, it was found that both the few RTI‐ab negative samples in stage II and the few RTI‐ab positive samples among Wb negative sera were sampled in connection with seroconversion. The specificity of the RTI‐ab assay was 100% in a test of 200 serum samples from HIV negative blood donors. It was concluded that RTI‐ab analyses can be made highly sensitive and specific and us

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTaiwan is an endemic area for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. There are more than 3‐million carriers on this island. Chronic HBV infections may result in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are common in Taiwan. However little information is available concerning the immunity and the susceptibility to HBV among the expatriate‐population (non‐permanent residents from foreign countries) in Taiwan. Thus controversies exist on the indications for HBV vaccination among the foreign visitors and expatriates. This study evaluated the serological status of those who attended the Kaohsiung Adventist Clinic between May 1986 and August 1989. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti‐HBs) were determined by ELISA. A total of 152 expatriates (85M, 67F, aged 5 to 64 years, duration of residence in Taiwan: 2 weeks to 11 years) without previous HBV vaccination, were tested. HBsAg and anti‐HBs were not detected in 125 (82%). Anti‐HBs was found in 22 (15%). There was no correlation between the duration of residence and anti‐HBs positivity. However, there was an increased prevalence of anti‐HBs with increasing age after 30. For those expatriates who were anti‐HBs positive, 64% had a history of sexual contact with a partner from an endemic area of HBV. HBsAg was detected in 5 (3%). Three were symptomatic with abnormal liver function tests. Four had a history of sexual exposure. Their children were not antigenemic.It is concluded that most (>82%) of the expatriates residing in southern Taiwan have no immunity to HBV and sexual contact is a major route (70%) of transmission. Vaccination is therefore strongly recommended for those expatriates who may have intimate relationships wit

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890340111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY