摘要:

AbstractSpherical hepatitis B surface antigen particles (HbsAg) of 22‐nm diameter were treated with sodium dodecylsulphate in the absence of reducing agents, and their nuclei were exposed. Factors that interact with the nucleus of HbsAg were detected in the serum of HBsAg carriers who were seropositive for hepatitis B e antigen and identified as tubular forms of HBsAg. The other categories of hepatitis B antigen, Dane particles, and 22‐nm spherical HBsAg did not bind with the nucleus of HBsAg. When tubular forms of HBsAg had been treated with a proteolytic enzyme, they lost the reactivity to bind with the nucleus of HBsAg. On the basis of the results obtained, tubular forms of HBsAg bear the receptor of protein nature for the nucleus of 22‐nm spherical HBsAg. The receptor allows rapid determination of tubular forms by a haemagglutination method for the evaluation of their clinical and epidemiological implica

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred milliliters of an inactivated hepatitis B vaccine (20 /m̈g/ml) were inoculated intravenously into two colony‐born infant chimpanzees. Immediately thereafter each received hepatitis B virus from a documented infectious inoculum intravenously at a separate site. Neither chimpanzee developed elevation of aminotransferase levels, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), or antibody to hepatitis B core antigen during six months of evaluation, the duration of the currently recommended safety test. Both chimpanzees developed antibody to HBsAg beginning 8 and 9 weeks, respectively, after inoculation. The administration of a large intravenous quantity of vaccine antigen thus appeared capable of masking or preventing infection by simultaneously administered hepatitis B virus. This study suggests that a chimpanzee safety test for hepatitis B vaccine should not employ large quantities of vaccine antigen, since such a safety test may fail to detect small amounts of residual infectious hepatitis B vir

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA soluble DNA polymerase was purified 8,000‐fold from hepatitis B surface antigen positive serum. The molecular weight of the enzyme by gel filtration was about 1.60 × 105, the sedimentation coefficient was 5.5S, the apparent Km for dTTP was 4 MM, the optimum pH in the presence of Mg2+was 9.2, and the pI was 4.7. The enzyme was found in HBsAg‐positive sera and required an external primer for activity. The properties of the DNA polymerase were different from hepatitis B virus particle enzyme and from vertebrate and bacterial DNA polymerases. The prevalence of this enzyme did not correlate with HBeAg or particle DNA polymerase in HBsAg‐positiv

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA novel member of the papovavirus group has been isolated from EBV‐transformed African green monkey (AGM) B‐lymphoblasts. The virus is characterized by its B‐lymphotropic host range and has tentatively been named “lymphotropic papovavirus” (LPV). Seroepidemiological studies revealed that besides sera from African green monkeys a substantial proportion of human sera reacted with antigens of this virus. The specificity of this reaction observed in indirect immunofluorescence tests was underlined by immunoprecipitation (IP) and neutralization studies. By IP we demonstrated that AGM as well as human sera reacting in immunofluorescence with LPV antigens precipitated polypeptides of about 40 K. Those polypeptides were detected only in LPV‐infected cultures. Sera of high reactivity in immunofluorescence tests also neutralized viral infectivity. These data suggest that an agent antigenetically closely related to AGM‐LPV also infects part of the human population. The age distribution of the human antibody response revealed that a low percentage of sera reacted in age groups below 30 years. Thereafter, however, about 30% of all sera exhibited antibodies to LPV antigens. There was a slight increase in seroreactivity in sera from patients tested for infectious hepatitis when compared to non‐sele

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRadioimmunoassays were developed for antibodies to denaturated forms of HBsAg (reduced and alkylated in an isotonic buffer (RA‐HBs) or in 8 M urea (RA‐urea‐HBs), or reduced in 8 M urea but not alkylated). These tests revealed that intact HBsAg and RA‐HBs shared common antigenic determinants, termed Re[Imai et al, 1974]. Anti‐Re is elicited in the course of immune response to intact HBsAg in humans and experimental animals. Denaturation in 8 M urea and alkylation causes the appearance of additional antigenic determinants, the specificity of which is affected by the reagent used for alkylation. Reduction in 8 M urea followed by treatment with iodoacetate reveals antigenic sites common for HBsAg and some human serum proteins. Antibodiesspecificfor the Le Bouvier determinants of HBsAg are probably not the appropriate probe for detection of primary translational products of the hepatitis B vir

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn attempt was made to assess the significance of the relatively frequent low‐titre positive reactions in radioimmunoassays for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen.Serum specimens negative for surface antigen were assayed for antibodies to the surface, core, and e antigens of the Hepatitis B virus.Two populations were studied—one of low hepatitis B incidence (2000 blood donors) and one of high incidence (200 male patients attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases).The validity of some singly occurring low‐titre anti‐HBs and anti‐HBc reactions is questioned, and the occurrence of positive reactions unrelated to previous hepatitis B infection

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBorna disease, a naturally occurring encephalomyelitis of horses and sheep, was induced in rhesus monkeys after intracerebral infection with virus containing rabbit brain suspension. The animals developed neurological disorders followed by a severe encephalomyelitis which was accompanied by a retinopathy. In all the analyzed brain and retina tissue pieces, virus‐specific antigen could be demonstrated by immunoelectrophoretic techniques. Antibodies could be demonstrated by the intermediate gel technique as well as by the immunofluorescence test in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid of all the monkeys. The histopathological findings in the brain and the eye might be comparable to certain types of encephalitis in man and to pathological changes in the eye of human patients, the etiologies of which are still obscure. An attempt was also made to study cell‐mediated immunity by a chromium release assay in infected animals, the results of which might provide, together with the histopathological observations, strong evidence for the role of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of BD infection in rhesus monk

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSera drawn from a sample of 1,147 military inductees, representative of the conscript population entering service in the Israel Defence Forces (IDF), in 1977, were examined by radioimmunoassay for hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibody. The prevalence of HAV antibody is considerably higher in males of Eastern origin (84.4%) than of Western origin (39.7%) and in females of Eastern origin (79.9%) as compared with those of Western origin (30.3%). The difference between males and females is not statistically significant when level of education is controlled. An inverse association between years of schooling and HAV antibodies is evident both for males and females, but is stronger in Westerners than Easterners. These findings have implications for HAV prevention in the IDF.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890060401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY