摘要:

AbstractThe antigen/antibody systems specific for non‐A, non‐B hepatitis (NANB) were studied using urine samples as the antigen source and sera for the antibody source. Two immunologically distinct systems, SO‐antigen/anti‐SO and MI‐antigen/anti‐MI were discovered. This paper deals chiefly with the characterization of the SO‐antigen, which was associated with an epidemic‐type non‐A, non‐B hepatitis found during September 1979 to February 1980 (first outbreak) and October 1980 to January 1981 (second outbreak) in the Cardiovascular Surgical Unit of Tohoku University Hospital. All patients who developed non‐A, non‐B hepatitis during the first and second epidemic periods had SO‐antigen in their urine (24 out of 24). After the epidemic, however, the detection rate of SO‐antigen gradually decreased among patients in the same unit, although posttransfusion non‐A, non‐B hepatitis continued to be found.The initial detection of SO‐antigen occurred at or just after the elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels during the episode of hepatitis and persisted in most cases throughout the elevated period. Anti‐SO antibody was detected relatively late (eight months after blood transfusion, in most cases) and apparently persisted longer than five years.The immunological and physicochemical properties of SO‐antigen were also studied. It appeared to be neither a plasma protein nor a liver tissue component when the crossreactivity of SO‐antigen was examined by the immunodiffusion method. Absorption with insolubilized human serum and liver tissues failed to affect the anti‐SO antibody activity. The molecular weight of SO‐antigen was estimated to be 250,000, the sedimentation coefficient to be 11.0 S, and the buoyant density in CsCl to be 1.215 g/cm3. Electron microscopy showed that the SO‐antigen corresponded with uniform particles with a mean diameter of 11 nm. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) analysis of SO‐antigen revealed only a single pr

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe sera of 722 children and adolescents without overt liver disease were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antiHBs and anti‐hepatitis B core antiHBc; 658 of the sera were also tested for anti‐hepatitis A virus anti‐HAV. Except for the “passive” antibody peak observed in babies, the anti‐HAV age‐specific prevalence was negligible until the age of 3; it then increased, reaching 35% by the age of 15. Serological evidence of HBV was present in 16% of the subjects: this prevalence was almost constant at all ages. The HBsAg carrier rate was highest in children under 5 years of age (7.6%) and decreased with age. However, only one HBsAg carrier was under 1 year of age. Anti‐HBs age‐specific prevalence increased progressively from 2.7% to 11.4%. Anti‐HBc alone was present in 4.1% of the subjects. No significant sex differences were found in the prevalence of HBV serum markers or in the HBsAg carrier rate. Neither HAV nor HBV infection was significantly influenced by place of residence or socioeconomic status. It is concluded that in this area both HAV and HBV are endemic, but while HAV is mainly acquired at school, most of HBV infections occur within the household. The results suggest that not only perinatal transmission, but also intrafamilial horizontal infection, plays a role in HBV s

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing the immunoperoxidase technique and a broadly cross‐reactive antiserum which detects infection with any papillomavirus, papillomavirus capsid antigen was demonstrated in 25 of 48 cutaneous papillomas and in two of 38 cutaneous dysplasias. Both positive dysplastic lesions were diagnosed on histopathologic examination as bowenoid papulosis. Antigen‐positive cutaneous warts were scattered in all age categories and at all body sites. In addition, there was little variation in antigen expression by morphologic type of wart. Antigen was localized in the nucleus of superficial epithelial cells. The amount of staining was variable, with some warts showing large numbers of stained nuclei. In other warts only isolated cells stained. In both cases of bowenoid papulosis, small foci of positively stained cells were observed. The finding of papillomavirus antigen in two of 21 cases of bowenoid papulosis is suggestive of an etiologic relationship between this lesion and a papillomavirus. An examination of antigen‐negative cases of bowenoid papulosis for a papillomavirus genome will be necessary to confirm these re

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe V‐1 strain of Vilyuisk virus, isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a chronic case of encephalomyelitis in Siberia and subsequently passaged 41 times in mice, was examined to determine its serological relationship to Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) and encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus and some physicochemical characteristics of the virion. On the basis of virion size (28 nm), icosahedral symmetry, buoyant density (1.33 g/ml), sedimentation coefficient (150S), and capsid polypeptide profile, Vilyuisk virus appears to belong to the familyPicornaviridae. Acute phase mouse antisera were used to study the antigenic relatedness of Vilyuisk, GDVII (the prototypic strain TMEV), and EMC viruses by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results indicate that Vilyuisk and GDVII viruses are similar but distant subtypes, and that Vilyuisk and EMC viruses are unrela

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSome studies suggest that there is antigenic and nucleic acid homology of one type of non‐A, non‐B hepatitis virus with hepatitis B viral (HBV) proteins and DNA. Using molecular hybridisation under high and low stringency conditions with high specific activity32P‐HBV DNA as a probe, serum and liver samples from patients and nonhuman primates infected with non‐A, non‐B hepatitis were examined. Our results provide no evidence of significant homology between the DNA extracted from serum and liver of patients and nonhuman primates infected with one type of non‐A, non‐B hepatiti

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree chimpanzees were inoculated with an infectious factor VIII preparation. Two of the chimpanzees received in addition a human immunoglobulin preparation as used for prophylaxis in humans. All three chimpanzees developed an acute limited non‐A, non‐B hepatitis as judged from light and electron microscopic markers after an incubation period of two weeks. The use of immunoglobulin did not prevent the infection. A prolonged incubation of 15 weeks, however, was observed in one animal when alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation was used as criterion of infection. In the electron microscope, non‐A, non‐B hepatitis was characterized by tubular structures, spongelike inclusions and attaching curved membranes, in the absence of nuclear viruslike particles. An additional finding were viruslike particles in crystalline arrays which were found in the cytoplasm of sinusoidal‐lining endothelial cells and tubuloreticular

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY