摘要:

AbstractDuring a search for the aetiological agent of non‐A non‐B hepatitis, a precipitating antigen was detected in the sera of some patients during the acute phase of their illness. The antigen was detected by agar gel diffusion using antibody from convalcscent sera obtained from patients with non‐A non‐B hepatitis, and from haemophiliac sera. The antigen was usually detected early in the patient's illness, disappearing as liver function tests returned to normal. In some patients specific antibody appeared during the convalescent phase of the disease. The antigen does not appear to be specific for non‐A non‐B hepatitis, as it could be detected with similar frequency in patients with hepatitis A or hepatitis B and some patients with other liver disorders. Biochemical and biophysical studies suggest that the antigen is probably an abnormal lipoprotein produced as a result of acute l

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred adult volunteers were administered inactivated vaccine (20 m̈g/0.5 cc) intramuscularly (IM) or intranasally (IN), or 104.7TCID50of a live coldadapted vaccine (CR35) IN. Microneutralization (Nt) and radioimmunoprecipitation methods were employed to measure hemagglutinin antibody responses in sera, nasal washes, and in bronchopulmonary lavage fluids. In unprimed recipients, the relative frequency of serum antibody response and magnitude of rise was highest following the IM‐inactivated vaccine (100%) and lowest after IN‐live vaccine (29%). However, in individuals with pre‐existing antibody, the three vaccines given were comparably immunogenic. Occurrences of secretory IgA hemagglutinin antibody in nasal washings were more frequently associated with topical administration of live or inactivated vaccine, whereas, IgG hemagglutinin antibody responses occurred with equal frequency in nasal washings in all three vaccine groups. Analysis of the hemagglutinin antibody responses in the lower respiratory tract showed that the IN‐live vaccine favored the induction of secretory IgA hemagglutinin antibody and the IM‐inactivated vaccine stimulated a more frequent IgG hemagglutinin antibod

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) response to hepatitis A virus (HAV) was investigated with a sensitive capture radioimmunoassay. In serial serum samples drawn from 15 patients with viral hepatitis A, IgA anti‐HAV antibodies reached their highest titer between 1–2 weeks after onset and peak titers ranged from 10,000–20,000. Serum samples were available from six patients 30–32 months after onset of illness. These samples were all positive for IgA anti‐HAV and some had titers similar to peak titers during illness. However, the height of the titration curves, expressed as the binding ratio (BR) at a dilution of 1/1000, was in all cases significantly lower at 30–32 months than during acute illness and early convalescence. The significance of the persistence of the IgA anti‐HAV and possible reasons for the change in the BR

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree monoclonal antibodies against herpes simplex virus type 2 have been tested for their suitability as reagents in reverse passive haemagglutination. Two of these antibodies with specificity for virus glycoprotein D. when linked to red blood cells, were able to capture antigens without being agglutinated. but addition of immune serum subsequently led to agglutination. Haemagglutination using these monoclonal antibody‐linked, antigen‐captured red cells was readily applicable to testing human sera for antibodies to herpes simplex virus and the titres obtained correlated with those from virus plaque neutralisation tests. The procedure has been termed “Specific Antigen Capture Passive Haemagglutination.” A further monoclonal antibody with specificity for the major DNA‐binding protein of type 2 herpes virus‐infected cells (a nonstructural protein) showed conventional reverse passive haemagglutination when linked to red blood cells and was specific for type 2 herpes simplex virus.The nature and potential uses of these simple reverse passive haemagglutination procedures using monoclonal antibody reagents ar

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCellular DNA of the kidney from a patient with PML was analyzed by reassociation kinetics for the presence of JC virus DNA. Various amounts of viral DNA sequences were detected in different areas of the kidney. The highest concentration (175 genome equivalents/cell) was found in the renal medulla and there were almost none in the renal cortex. Differentiation from the closely related BK virus was carried out by reassociation kinetics and restriction enzyme cleavage with subsequent Southern blot analysis. The enzyme Hind II, which does not cleave within the BK virus genome, generated four restriction enzyme fragments in the cellular DNA from the kidney, thus documenting the presence of JC virus DNA. By examination of the renal DNA with the “no‐cut” restriction enzyme XHO I and the “one‐cut” enzymes Eco RI and BAM HI it was possible to show that free and not integrated viral DNA was present in these cells. Nonhomogeneous defective DNA bands were not detectable. By in situ hybridization the epithelial cells lining the collecting tubules were found as predominant site of the viral infection in

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for diagnosing human coronavirus (HCV) infections in children. One hundred and seventy seven nose swabs, throat swabs, and nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 30 children suffering from acute respiratory infections. These samples were tested for HCV antigens by ELISA and 28.2% of the samples were shown to be HCV positive. These results indicate that our ELISA should prove useful in the diagnosis of HCV infections in children. Further studies are in progress to extend the ELISA to detect HCVs in experimentally and naturally acquired infections in adult

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVenezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus has been implicated as producing alterations in glucose metabolism in animals. We performed oral glucose tolerance tests and measured serum immunoreactive insulin responses in 13 patients who were infected by VEE virus during an epidemic in 1969, in Zulia State, Venezuela. No significant alterations in the glucose tolerance test were found. Sera of 86 diabetic outpatients and 98 control individuals with normal glycemia at a local hospital were tested for antibodies to VEE virus by hemagglutination inhibition. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups; 10.4% of the diabetic patients had detectable antibodies against VEE virus, compared to 7.1% of controls. Seventy‐three percent of the diabetics with antibodies were individuals over 40 yr old, whose diabetes could be catalogued as insulin independent. The results of these studies indicate no relationship of VEE virus infection to subsequent diabete

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree hundred and seventy‐seven single sera from children in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Gambia, Guatemala, and Kuwait were tested for antibodies to fastidious fecal adenoviruses (species 40 and 41) by neutralisation test using a variant of Ad41 (Ad4la). All children were less than 12 years of age, and at least 41.1% of the total tested had antibodies. One hundred and fifty‐four of these sera were collected during the 1960s from London children attending day nurseries, and 54.5% had antibodies to Ad40 or Ad41. The proportion of seropositive children from an isolated Gambian village community in 1979 was similar to the proportion of seropositives in London children bled in 1979

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890110401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY