摘要:

AbstractRecent data suggest that genes involved in the control of (1) immune responses of humans to HBsAg and (2) the susceptibility to the development of chronic hepatitis B are linked to the major HLA histocompatibility complex. Studies on the genetic regulation of anti‐HBs responses and on the possible abrogation of nonresponsiveness to HBsAg in humans are difficult. In an attempt to develop a relevant animal model system, the anti‐HBs response of inbred and congenic strains of mice was investigated. A great variation in anti‐HBs responses among individual mice belonging to the same strains was observed. Nevertheless, it was possible to rank the inbred mouse strains studied according to their decreasing anti‐HBs responses as follows: BALB/c[d] ∽ SWR/J[q]>C57BL/6J[b] ∽ DBA/2J[a]>AKR/J[k]>A/J[a]>CBA/CaJ[k]>SJL/J[s]. (Letters in brackets indicate H‐2 haplotype). Only a small proportion of SJL mice had an anti‐HBs response. Therefore, this strain may serve as a model for human nonresponders. Studies with the congenic strains B10.D2[d]and B10.S[s] indicated that genes conferring responsiveness to HBsAg are linked to the H‐2 histocompatibility complex. However, genes not linked to H‐2 also probably play a role in regulating

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe role of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) in acute peripheral facial palsy (APFP) was evaluated in 153 patients. The sera of patients were examined for IgG and IgA antibodies to HSV and VZV by the immunoperoxidase antibody‐membrane antigen (IPAMA) technique. The prevalence of IgG and IgA seropositivity to HSV was significantly higher in the APFP patients than in the matched control group. No significant difference was found in the geometric mean titer (GMT) to HSV antibodies in the APFP patients compared to the matched control groups. The prevalence of IgA antibodies to VZV was significantly higher in the APFP patients group than in the matched control group. The GMT for VZV IgG antibodies was significantly higher in the APFP patients than in the matched control group. No significant difference was found in the GMT of VZV IgA antibodies. Eleven of 83 patients for whom paired sera were available had significantly increased or decreased IgG and IgA antibody titers to VZV on subsequent examination. Four of these patients did not show any evidence of zosterian eruption. These studies support the concept that VZV and HSV might have a role in the etiopathogenesis of APFP in some of the patient

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAetiological studies were carried out on 407 cases of acute viral hepatitis during two consecutive years in two general hospitals in Palermo, Sicily. Two hundred ninety‐seven showed serological evidence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection and 73 of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Of the remaining 37, two had a serologically diagnosed cytomegalovirus hepatitis, while 35 were classified as non‐A, non‐B (NANB) hepatitis.The frequency of the different major agents of acute viral hepatitis was notably influenced by the age of the patients, HAV being prevalent in children and HBV and NANB in adults.About one‐fourth of the adult cases of sporadic, acute viral hepatitis were attributed to NANB virus(es). The acute disease appeared less severe than B hepatitis, as indicated by the duration of jaundice, peak serum bilirubin, and aminotransferase levels.No history of drug addiction or of parenteral exposure to blood or blood products was obtained from the presumed NANB hepatitis p

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn antigen/antibody system associated with one form of parenterally transmitted non‐A, non‐B (NANB) hepatitis has been identified by solid‐phase radioimmunoassay (RIA). The antigen is found in 3% of normal subjects and in increased frequency in patients with haemophilia, renal homograft recipients, homosexual men, prostitutes, drug addicts, and patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The antigen was found in normal frequency in patients with acute hepatitis A and B, sporadic NANB hepatitis (nondrug addicts), autoimmune and alcohol‐induced chronic liver disease, and primary biliary chi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe occurrence of measles virus‐specific IgM antibodies in sera from patients with chronic active hepatitis not caused by Hepatitis B virus was examined by a specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Using whole serum, specific IgM antibodies were detected in 12 of 23 sera from patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐negative chronic active hepatitis. In nine of these sera the finding of specific IgM antibodies was verified by separation of IgM by density gradient centrifugation and examination of the fractions by ELISA.Most of the sera from the patients with measles virus‐specific IgM antibodies had an elevated level of specific IgG antibodies compared to the level of IgG found in control sera.The significance of these findings in view of a possible persistent measles virus antigen production in patients with chronic active hepatitis is di

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo determine the prevalence of inapparent infection with Junin virus among the rural population and its relation to the clinical disease, a serological study was carried out in two zones of the endemic area of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF). From the first appearance of AHF in the zones (1963) and the moment of the survey (1977), 14 years had passed. A total of 695 serum samples were obtained, 540 from Córdoba and 155 from Buenos Aires. Of the 695 serum samples, 83 were positive for neutralizing antibodies against Junin virus. Total infection (clinical and inapparent cases) reached 11.6% and 12.03% in the Buenos Aires and Córdoba zones, respectively, showing that the total prevalence of infection in two zones separated by 320 miles, are very much alike. In Córdoba province, the prevalence of clinical infection was 7.59%, while that for inapparent infection was 4.44%. Values for the Province of Buenos Aires were 9.67% and 1.93%, respectively.In addition to a low prevalence of inapparent infections, the results of this survey show that roughly 90% of the population is susceptible to contract the disease; this stresses the need to immunize susceptible individuals in the endemic ar

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe neotropical primate Callithrix jacchus infected with Junin virus presented an acute disease with hematological and neurological manifestations and died 17 to 24 days after infection. This picture is similar to that of human Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF). Blood coagulation and complement studies were performed in ten C jacchus animals inoculated with 103TCID50of Junin virus, the prototype pathogenic XJ strain. Four monkeys were used as normal controls. Infected monkeys and normal controls were bled to death on days 7, 14, 17, and 21. A progressive decrease in the number of platelets was found after day 7 of infection. On day 21, the last monkey had a value of 24,000/μl. The levels of blood clotting factors did not change until day 17, when a shortened partial thromboplastin time activated with Kaolin (PTTK) (36 sec) and increased factors VIII (192.2%) and VII‐X (266.6%) were found. On day 21, the PTTK was prolonged (50.7 sec) and factors II, V, and VIII, were decreased. Thrombin time was found prolonged from day 14 onward. Fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDPs) were increased on days 17 (754 mg/dl and 9.2 μg/ml) and 21 (457 mg/dl and 29.4 μg/ml). No changes in the levels of α2macroglobulin were observed. Complement hemolytic levels were found to be low on day 7 (58.3 UCH50, increased on day 14 (165.1), and within normal range at the end of infection (107.2). C3 levels showed a similar pattern. The bone marrow was active and hypercellular, and the number and morphology of megakaryocytes were normal in all but one of infected animals. The results of blood clotting suggest a limited activation. The complement system presented a profile of activation followed by a rebound phenomenon. The activation of complement appeared ten days before the alteration of the clotting system was ev

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890120401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY