摘要:

AbstractDifferent human and nonhuman cells were assayed for their capacity to adsorb human cytomegalovirus (CMV Ad. 169) and to support CMV infection in vitro. The CMV adsorptive capacity was assayed by measuring cell‐bound radioactivity after addition of purified3H‐ or125I‐labeled CMV or by a bioassay for residual infectious virus in the supernatant fluid. Many of the human and nonhuman cell types adsorbed CMV. Induction of CMV early nuclear antigens in the same cells was assayed by anticomplement immunofluorescence staining of fixed cells 1–3 days after infection. CMV early antigens were induced in the human and nonhuman cells that showed a high degree of CMV ads

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to attenuate parainfluenza type 3 virus, a wild type strain that was isolated from a child with respiratory disease was adapted to replicate in African green monkey kidney cells at 20°C. Replication at 20°C was not a property of the wild type virus. The virus was serially passaged 45 times in the cold, and clones were selected following passage levels 7, 12, 18, and 45. The population of cold‐adapted virus was found to be progressively enriched with temperature sensitive (ts) mutants. After 7 passages in the cold, 1 of 9, and after 12 passages in the cold, 3 of 12 clones were temperature sensitive. Following 18 passages in the cold, 80% of the clones were temperature sensitive and after 45 passages in the cold, all clones were temperature sensitive. In addition to being temperature sensitive each ts clone manifested the tiny plaque morphology. Each temperature‐sensitive clone was also cold adapted. Some clones were cold adapted but were not temperature sensitive. The mutants were found to be genetically stable when serially passaged at 32°, 35°, or 39°C. The mutants may possess the necessary degree of attenuation for use as live attenuated intranasal

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStaphylococcal protein A was used for the anchoring of specific antibodies for a solid‐phase immune electron microscope method (SPIEM). More IgG adsorbed to grids in the absence of protein A than in its presence. However, the virus trapping efficiency was markedly improved in the presence of protein A. The specificity of the test was evaluated by use of different adenovirus preparations and matching rabbit hyperimmune sera. The degree of serological reaction was evaluated by counting the number of particles attached to the grid. Type specific reactions and inter‐ and intrasubgroup reactions were identif

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe epidemiology of Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was studied in a northern Canadian Inuit (Eskimo) settlement. Sera from 720 of the 850 inhabitants of Baker Lake, Canada, were tested for markers of HAV and HBV infection. Anti‐HAV was present in 71% of the residents and its prevalence increased with age. Serologic evidence of HBV infections was found in 27% of residents. The prevalence increased with age, being uncommon under the age of 20 (6%)and almost universal over the age of 60 (93%). Among the 29 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers identified, all were adults, all had low levels of HBsAg, and all were negative for hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and DNA polymerase but positive for antibody to HBeAg. These data demonstrate a high prevalence of HAV and HBV infection in this population. Further, they suggest that a dramatic decrease in the transmission of HRV infection has occurred over the past 20–30 ye

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA highly purified influenza vaccine was prepared on a large scale. The inactivated whole virus vaccine fulfills the requirements of the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, for influenza A and B vaccines. The three strains of influenza virus, A/England/321/77, B/Hong Kong/8/73, and A/USSR/99/77, used for the vaccine, were chosen in accordance with the demands of the WHO and the Israel Ministry of Health for 1978 to 1979 and 1979 to 1980. Virus strains were grown in the allantoic sac of embryonated eggs, inactivated by formalin, and purified by zonal centrifugation in sucrose. Each dose of 0.5 ml contained 1200 international units (IU) of influenza antigen (400 IU of each strain). The vaccine is higly immunogenic as demonstrated by potency tests in mice. Its immunogenicity was higher than that of commercial vaccines of a similar nature purchased at random in local pharmacies. A high dilution of 1:3125 still elicited HI antibodies in mice. No residual egg‐protein contamination was detectable by sensitive immunological methods. Total protein concentration was 80 μg protein per dose of 1200 IU, ie 15 IU per μg of protein as compared to 5–8 IU per μg of protein in the commercial vaccines tested by us. Purity of a vaccine is of major importance for the prevention of adverse side e

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSamples of nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) obtained from 140 infants and children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus by ELISA. An antiserum produced in rabbits against RS‐virus polypeptides was used both as the “capture” antibody and as conjugate in a double‐antibody sandwich technique. RS virus was detected by ELISA in specimens of NPS obtained from 72 (51%) of the patients. By comparison RS virus was shown to be present in 86 (61%) of the patients when the immunofluorescent antibody (IF) technique was employed. Samples obtained from 78 of the 140 patients were also examined by inoculation into tissue cultures, and RS‐virus was isolated from 47 patients. RS virus was detected by ELISA in 37 (79%) and by IF technique in 43 (91%) of these 47 patients. The IF technique was found to be more sensitive than ELISA, especially in patients older than 9 months and for the examination of specimens of NPS containing only a small percentage of RS‐virus antigen‐p

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring a six‐month period, 600 gynecological samples were collected from 585 women with typical herpes lesions, women with non‐herpes symptoms (ie, vaginitis, moniliasis, trichomoniasis, etc), and normal women seen at the student health center gynecological clinic and processed for herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolation. From these specimens, 29 samples from 25 of the 585 women (4.3%) were positive for HSV. When these isolates were typed using plaque diameter in chick cells, heat stability of viral thymidine kinase (T.K.), and restriction endonuclease patterns it was found that 18 samples (15 patients or 60%) were HSV‐2 and 11 samples (10 patients or 40%) were HSV‐1. Inapparent HSV infections constituted 20.0% of the virologically confirmed samples (5 of 25 patients) and represented 0.9% of the total patients studied (5 of 585). The inapparent infections were about equally divided between the two HSV types (2 were HSV‐2 and 3 were HSV‐1). and 4 of 5 occurred in the presence of clinically diagno

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRotavirus was detected in the stools of five children stricken with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) over a three‐week period. While none of the children had acute gastroenteritis, four of the five had acute upper respiratory infections. Rotavirus was also identified in tracheal aspirates from two of the infants. Extensive investigations failed to reveal the presence of any other viruses or toxins in specimens obtained from the five children with SIDS. Rotavirus was not found in the stool specimens obtained from a control group of 36 infants including six who died of causes other than SIDS. Future attempts at the prevention of rotavirus infections should be directed at populations susceptible to sudden infant death syndrom

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY