摘要:

AbstractA reverse passive haemagglutination (RPH) test has been developed for the detection of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus in nasal secretions, taken from infants with acute respiratory illness. In the final form of the procedure, RS virus was detected in 24 of 25 samples positive for RS virus by tissue culture and/or fluorescence antibody staining and in two samples negative for RS virus by these techniques. The simplicity of the technique and the rapidity with which it may be performed together with its apparently high degree of sensitivity should make RPH useful in the rapid diagnosis of RS virus.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080301

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sensitive solid‐phase enzyme immunoassay procedure was used to determine the concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP) in the acute and convalescent phase sera of patients with verified rubella, herpes simplex, cytomegalo, influenza A or B, enterovirus, or mycoplasma infection. In all infection groups about 90% (80% for influenza) elevated CRP values were observed in the acute phase sera (mean values in the different groups 16–57 μg/ml), the highest values exceeding or approaching 100 μg/ml. The serum CRP values were highest in all groups before the specific serum antibodies were detectable and decreased approaching the upper limit of normal controls (2 μg/ml) within 2 weeks. Notable individual variation in the CRP production was seen. We conclude that serum CRP determination should not be used as a reliable criterion to distinguish bacterial and viral in

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHBeAg or anti HBe were detected using radioimmunoassay in 93 out of 100 British patients who were chronic HBsAg carriers. HBeAg was found more commonly than anti HBe in younger patients and those with higher titres of HBsAg and abnormal liver function tests. HBeAg was present particularly in patients with chronic active hepatitis (26 out of 29) and chronic persistent hepatitis (16 out of 21). Anti HBe was found particularly in healthy carriers (19 out of 27), and patients with cirrhosis (4 out of 8) and hepatocellular carcinoma (7 out of 8). However, the system was of little help in predicting the liver biopsy appearances in the individual patient. During a mean follow‐up period of 44 months, 6 of the 62 (9.7%) HBeAg positive carriers converted to anti HBe, a spontaneous seroconversion rate of 2.68% per yea

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe occurrence of antibodies in human serum that block herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 deoxythymidine kinase (dTK) has been investigated. The antibodies were detected by means of a sensitive assay technique using [125I]iododeoxyuridine as a substrate [Gronowitz and Källander, 1980]. A total of 213 sera was studied. They included pairs of serum from patients with an acute HSV infection, individual sera from persons not suspected of a HSV infection, as well as sera from patients from whom HSV had been isolated. The HSV complement fixing (cf) titer was determined for each serum and subsequently used as a reference. None of the HSV cf negative sera contained HSV dTK blocking antibodies, whereas all cf positive sera did, however, all excepting those that were collected in connection with primary infections. By following the serum titer after a primary infection, we have found that 12 out of 19 persons studied had detectable dTK antibodies after an average time of 179 days. The results indicate a low degree of cross‐reactivity between HSV type 1 and 2 dTK blocking antibodi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn outbreak of nonbacterial gastroenteritis occurred in an orphanage in December 1979. Of 54 residents, 43 were affected with acute gastroenteritis. Diarrhea was the commonest symptom. The 33‐ to 39‐nm virus‐like particles, tentatively designated as Sapporo agent, were detected in 17 (48.6%) of the patients' 35 fecal specimens. Morphologically, it was difficult to distinguish the Sapporo agent from other agents without geometrical pattern on the surface. Antigenically, the Sapporo agent related to the Otofuke agent detected in an outbreak of the institution for mentally retarded adults and also to the SRV '76 detected in familial cases of infectious gastroenteritis. The Sapporo agent might belong to a new group of those gastroenteritis viruses which were larger in size than the Norwalk virus

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractImmunologic markers associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (HBsAg, anti‐HBs, HBeAg, anti‐HBe, anti‐HBc, anti‐δ) were tested by radioimmunoassay of serum from chronic hepatitis patients. The corresponding liver biopsy samples were examined for the presence of HBsAg, HBcAg, and δ antigen in the cells by direct immunofluorescence and by electron microscopy. Seventy patients were selected for the presence of both circulating HBsAg and anti‐HBc. Comparison of chronic persistent (CPH) and chronic active (CAH) hepatitis showed a significantly greater frequency of intracytoplasmic HBsAg in CPH, especially in the absence of intranuclear HBsAg, and a greater frequency of intranuclear δ antigen and/or circulating anti‐5 in CAH. The δ/anti‐δ system was almost systematically associated with serum anti‐HBe. At variance with HBeAg/anti‐HBe, δ/anti‐δ was found significantly more frequently in patients originating from Southern rather than from Northern or Central Italy. The prevalence of both these immunologic systems was related

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIgG and IgM antibodies to the core antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were measured in 136 patients who developed acute HBV hepatitis and who were followed prospectively. After acute hepatitis all the patients developed transiently IgM anti‐HBc lasting for two to five months. In contrast, IgM anti‐HBc persisted 8 and 9 months in two patients who developed persistent hepatitis and were continuously detected for two years in nine patients who developed aggressive hepatitis. The results presented suggest that the determination of IgM anti‐HBc might be useful to predict the outcome of chronic hepatitis B infe

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe rubella specific IgM titer in the serum specimens originating from healthy persons and from patients with clinical signs of rubella infection was determined by hemagglutination inhibition or hemagglutination reduction after IgM separation with the following methods: (a) density gradient centrifugation; (b) Polyacrylamide agarose gel chromatography; (c) ion exchange chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose columns; (d) solid‐phase immunosorbent technique using micro‐plates; (e) solid‐phase immunosorbent technique using Polyacrylamide microimmunobeads. Alternatively, we removed IgG and IgA by the use of protein A, anti‐IgG, and anti‐IgA, covalently coupled to controlled‐pore glass (f). The titers obtained by the different methods showed qualitatively good correlations when combined with mercaptoethanol reduction. The quantitative measurement of specific IgM titers, however, revealed a lower sensitivity of column chromatography and methods of removal

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe temporal characteristics of the response of rotavirus specific IgM, IgG, IgA in serum and secretory antibody in feces to rotavirus were studied in 77 hospitalized patients with rotavirus induced gastroenteritis. The response in serum was characterized by the sequential appearance of rotavirus specific IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody. The IgM antibody appeared to be higher in the acute phase of the disease and was subsequently replaced by the IgG and IgA antibodies. However, the titers of IgG rotavirus antibody in convalescent specimens of serum were found to be statistically significantly lower in patients with severe or prolonged rotavirus infection than in specimens from subjects with mild or moderate disease.Most fecal specimens collected during both the acute and convalescent phase of illness contained virus specific secretory IgA. Higher concentrations of antibody were measured in convalescent samples from patients with prolonged diarrhea and virus shedding. These observations suggest a possible relationship between the severity of rotavirus infection and the nature of systemic and secretory antibody response.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890080309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY