摘要:

AbstractFour species of nonhuman primates were inoculated intranasally with 103.1to 103.7plaque forming units (pfu) of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus. Adult squirrel monkeys and newborn rhesus monkeys became infected and shed small quantities (peak titer 102.0pfu/ml of nasopharyngeal swab specimen) of virus, but illness did not develop. Infant cebus monkeys aged 2 months became infected, shed 102.3to 103.8pfu/ml of nasopharyngeal swab specimen, but did not become ill. Chimpanzees aged 15 to 18 months shed a large quantity of virus, up to 106.0pfu/ml of nasopharyngeal swab specimen and developed an upper respiratory illness. Chimpanzees are proposed as a possible animal model for future study of the immunopathology of RS virus desease and for in vivo evaluation of attendated live virus vaccine candidates.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010302

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSerial blood and faecal samples were collected from patients and family contacts during an outbreak of hepatitis A in a village and tested by a solid‐phase competitive type radioimmunoassay for hepatitis A antigen and hepatitis A antibody. The amount and duration of excretion of hepatitis A antigen was correlated with the severity of the illness. In 2 severe clinical cases, hepatitis A antigen was demonstrated in faecal extracts 11 days before the onset of jaundice and continuing for 10 days thereafter, with maximum shedding during the late incubation period. Faecal antigen was demonstrated in low concentrations for only 2 days in a patient with mild disease and in a person with subclinical infection. There was an inverse correlation between the incidence of infection and prevalence of hepatitis A antibody and age. Of 24 infections, 19 (79%) occurred in persons in the age group 0 to 20 years, a group in which only 6% of individuals had pre‐existing antibody. Hepatitis A antibody was present in the serum of 3 persons in low titres of 1:20 to 1:40 on the day jaundice developed. The antibody titres increased very rapidly during the following 2 weeks of illness and slowly during the following months, reaching titres of 1:900 to 1:3500. In a separate study, a mean antibody titre of 1:591 was found in 13 patients, 12 years after clinical hepatitis A with jaund

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010303

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDuring a 9‐month period, 9,772 women were treated at the student health center's gynecology clinic. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from 30 of 57 patients clinically diagnosed as suffering from a herpetic or herpetic‐like genital infection for a virological incidence rate of 0.31%. Using virus plaque diameter in chick embryo cells and heat stability of viral thymidine kinase, 37% of the isolates were classified as herpes simplex virus type 1 and 63% were classified as herpes simplex virus typ

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010304

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInteraction of coxsackievirus B‐3 with peritoneal exudate cells (p.e.c.) of adult mice treated with cyclophosphamide (CP) and of normal untreated mice were examined. The measurement of virus concentration in the supernates and the infective center assay of the virus‐treated p.e.c. showed no significant differences in viral uptake between the p.e.c. of mice treated with CP for 1 and 24 hours, and the cells of normal untreated mice. However, a significant decrease in viral uptake was found in p.e.c. of mice collected 72 hours after treatment with CP. This relationship in viral uptake between the CP‐treated and normal p.e.c. was reversed when the cells were exposed to antimacrophage serum (AMS). The p.e.c. from normal mice exposed to AMS inactivated significantly less virus than similar cells treated with normal rabbit serum. The peritoneal cell‐free fluid of mice treated with CP and coxsackievirus B‐3 for 24 hours, contained less virus than the fluid from mice injected with virus alone. It is therefore concluded that the reduction in viral uptake by the p.e.c. derived from mice 72 hours after CP‐treatment may contribute to the severity of infection in CP

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010305

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe clinical effects, nasal and serum antibody responses, and virus excretion of a live attenuated serum inhibitor‐resistant influenza B virus vaccine, R75, was evaluated in 43 seronegative healthy adults by a random double‐blind study. Symptom responses were minimal and were not significantly different between vaccine and placebo groups. No fevers, abnormalities in physical examination or laboratory testing developed during 4 weeks of observation.Among vaccinees, 10 (48%) developed serum hemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) antibodies, 16 (76%) developed serum neutralization (N) antibodies and 4(19%) developed nasal N antibodies. The GMT responses from study day 0 to day 28 were 4.0 to 10.4 for serum HI, 1.8 to 9.8 for serum N, and 1.0 to 1.4 for nasal N. There were no significant titer changes in the placebo group. No virus excretion was detected.Although there are some questions concerning the relationship of antibody levels to protection, the low antibody responses in this study are an indication that R75 is not sufficiently immuno

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010306

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious ultrastructural examination of peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed the presence of intranuclear filamentous structures in multiple sclerosis (MS) and in some optic neuritis (ON) patients. The present investigation was undertaken in the attempt to correlate the presence of such structures with the etiology of ON and MS and possibly to demonstrate the viral origin of the filaments. Suitable virological and serological techniques were used to detect and isolate infectious agents from peripheral blood samples and body excretions of 12 monosymptomatic ON patients at their first acute attack. Nevertheless, any efforts to demonstrate the presence of a virus in these patients have been unsuccessful: no evidence of active viral infection was obtained by serological studies of serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples, nor could viral antigens or inclusions be observed by immunofluorescence and cytochemical analysis. Negative results were also obtained from studies performed in parallel on MS patients and various controls. The significance of the failure to isolate infectious agents from either ON and MS patients is discussed.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010307

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt has been reported that dialysable leucocyte extract preparations, thought to contain transfer factor, may be used therapeutically for the treatment of a variety of immunodeficiency syndromes. Clinical and laboratory studies have suggested that such preparations, in addition to transferring specific cellular immunity may also contain non‐specific adjuvant activities. Attempts at immunotherapy of viral infections are described against a background of current research on the biological and biochemical properties of leucocyte dialysate

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010308

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHepatitis A virus (HAV) recovered from stools of human cases of hepatitis A and from stools of chimpanzees experimentally infected with HAV was shown to possess multiple buoyant densities in CsCl gradients. The greatest proportion of HAV was most frequently found at a buoyant density of 1.32–1.34 g/cm3, however, large proportions of HAV were also frequently found at higher densities, including 1.36–1.37, 1.40–1.42, and 1.45–1.48 g/cm3. These findings are consistent with the notion that HAV may be a par

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010309

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractViral infection of cells causes chemical and metabolic changes, which can be detected by gas chromatography (GC) of ether extracts of supernatant fluids and cell homogenates. before any significant damage to the cells is observable microscopically. The characteristic and specific GC patterns obtained from BHK‐21 and Vero cell cultures infected with encephalomyocarditis, polio, echoviruses, and a togavirus make it possible to distinguish between these infecting viruses. The appearance of 1 or 2 compounds, represented by GC peaks with TRvalues of 302 and 677 seconds seems to be specific for these viruses. Other peaks found in the supernatant media 1–2 hours after infection probably represent cell constituents leaking into the medium as a result of damage to the cell membrane by the invading vi

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010310

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890010311

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY